3003 Background: T-Bren is a HER2-directed antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) consisting of an anti-HER2 monoclonal antibody linked to a potent topoisomerase I inhibitor (Ed-04). In phase I studies, T-Bren demonstrated encouraging anti-tumor activity with a manageable safety profile in patients (pts) with solid tumors. Results of safety/efficacy from two phase II studies in pts with R/M ovarian cancer (OC) are presented. Methods: Two studies evaluated T-Bren as monotherapy in pts with R/M platinum-resistant (disease progression within 6 months of the last dose of platinum-based chemotherapy) and platinum-sensitive OC. Pts with R/M OC were treated at 3.8mg/kg or 4.4mg/kg D1 Q3W. Primary endpoints include ORR and RP2D. Pts were selected for HER2 expression (ultra-low/1+/2+/3+). Results: As of Nov 30, 2025, a total of 65 pts were enrolled at 3.8 (N = 51), or 4.4mg/kg (N = 14) D1Q3W. Of all pts, 28 (43.1%) pts previously received ≥3 lines of therapy. The most common grade 3 and above hematologic TRAEs were thrombocytopenia (41.5%), leukopenia (35.4%), neutropenia (35.4%), and anemia (29.2%); the most common grade 3 and above non-hematologic TRAEs were asthenia (6.2%), lymphocyte count decrease (6.2%). Grade 3 and above TRAEs, which were predominantly hematologic in nature, were able to be effectively managed with standard supportive measure including dose reductions, as demonstrated by the TRAE leading to discontinuation rate of 3.1%. No ILD was observed. No new safety signals were identified. Median follow-up was 7.8 mo. Among pts at 3.8mg/kg D1 Q3W, confirmed ORR (cORR) was 88.9% in platinum-sensitive OC and 47.5% in platinum-resistant OC. mPFS had not reached and 9-mo PFS rate was 85.7% in platinum-sensitive OC and 61.2% in platinum-resistant OC. Efficacy results are summarized in the table below. Conclusions: T-Bren has demonstrated promising anti-tumor activity with a manageable safety profile in heavily pre-treated pts with R/M OC. Dose 3.8mg/kg D1 Q3W was chosen as the RP3D. Phase III study of platinum-resistant OC is in preparation. Clinical trial information: NCT06031584; NCT06131450 . Total (N=63) 3.8mg/kgTotal (N=49) 3.8mg/kgPlatinum-sensitive (N=9) 3.8mg/kgPlatinum-resistant(N = 40) Median prior LoT (range) 2 (1-8) 2 (1-6) 2 (1-4) 2 (1-6) ORR, % (95% CI) 57.1 (44.0, 69.5) 59.2 (44.2, 73.0) 88.9 (51.8, 99.7) 52.5 (36.1, 68.5) cORR, % (95% CI) 49.2 (36.4, 62.1) 55.1 (40.2, 69.3) 88.9 (51.8, 99.7) 47.5 (31.5, 63.9) DCR, % (95% CI) 88.9 (78.4, 95.4) 89.8 (77.8, 96.6) 100 (66.4, 100) 87.5 (73.2, 95.8) mPFS (mo) (95% CI) 9.3 (7.0, NR) NR (7.0, NR) NR (5.6, NR) NR (7.0, NR) 9-mo PFS rate, % (95% CI) 50.1 (24.0, 71.6) 67.5 (46.0, 81.9) 85.7 (33.4, 97.9) 61.2 (34.5, 79.7) *All pts who received at least one dose of T-Bren, excluding those still ongoing with insufficient follow up were used for efficacy analysis.

The level of premature deaths (deaths among those aged 30–69 years) caused by cancer is an important indicator of evaluating the level of cancer prevention and control. However, the current burden and temporal trends in cancer-related premature deaths, and their impact on life expectancy at the global, regional, and national levels are not clear. Cancer mortality data for 185 countries were obtained from the GLOBOCAN 2022 database. High-quality cancer mortality data and national population statistics for 47 countries were extracted from the United Nations and national cancer registry databases, covering the period 2003–2022. Countries were classified based on the human development index (HDI). The death probability, the year of life lost (YLL), and the potential gain in life expectancy (PGLE) attributable to premature deaths from site-specific and all-cancers combined were calculated. Globally, the probability of premature cancer deaths was 6.49

Abstract Background Metastatic cervical squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC) has poor prognosis and is recalcitrant to the current treatment strategies, which warrants the necessity to identify novel prognostic markers and therapeutic targets. Given that CSCC is a virus-induced malignancy, we hypothesized that the pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) involved in the innate immune response likely play a critical role in tumor development. Methods A bioinformatics analysis, qPCR, IHC, immunofluorescence, and WB were performed to determine the expression of NOD1/NOD2. The biological characteristics of overexpression NOD1 or NOD2 CSCC cells were compared to parental cells: proliferation, migration/invasion and cytokines secretion were examined in vitro through CCK8/colony formation/cell cycle profiling/cell counting, wound healing/transwell, and ELISA assays, respectively. The proliferative and metastatic capacity of overexpression NOD1 or NOD2 CSCC cells were also evaluated in vivo. FCM, mRNA and protein arrays, ELISA, and WB were used to identify the mechanisms involved, while novel pharmacological treatment were evaluated in vitro and in vivo. Quantitative variables between two groups were compared by Student’s t test (normal distribution) or Mann-Whitney U test (non-normal distribution), and one-way or two-way ANOVA was used for comparing multiple groups. Pearson χ 2 test or Fisher’s exact test was used to compare qualitative variables. Survival curves were plotted by the Kaplan-Meier method and compared by the log-rank test. P values of < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results NOD1 was highly expressed in CSCC with lymph-vascular space invasion (LVSI, P < 0.01) and lymph node metastasis (LM, P < 0.01) and related to worse overall survival (OS, P = 0.016). In vitro and in vivo functional assays revealed that the upregulation of NOD1 or NOD2 in CSCC cells promoted proliferation, invasion, and migration. Mechanistically, NOD1 and NOD2 exerted their oncogenic effects by activating NF-κb and ERK signaling pathways and enhancing IL-8 secretion. Inhibition of the IL-8 receptor partially abrogated the effects of NOD1/2 on CSCC cells. Conclusions NOD1/2-NF-κb/ERK and IL-8 axis may be involved in the progression of CSCC; the NOD1 significantly enhanced the progression of proliferation and metastasis, which leads to a poor prognosis. Anti-IL-8 was identified as a potential therapeutic target for patients with NOD1high tumor.

Although the prognosis of locally advanced cervical cancer has improved dramatically, survival for those with stage IIIB-IVA disease or lymph nodes metastasis remains poor. It is believed that the incorporation of intensity-modulated radiotherapy into the treatment of cervical cancer might yield an improved loco-regional control, whereas more cycles of more potent chemotherapy after the completion of concurrent chemotherapy was associated with a diminished distant metastasis. We therefore initiated a non-randomized prospective phaseII study to evaluate the feasibility of incorporating both these two treatment modality into the treatment of high risk locally advanced cervical cancer. To determine whether the incorporation of intensity-modulated radiotherapy and the addition of adjuvant paclitaxel plus cisplatin regimen into the treatment policy for patients with high risk locally advanced cervical cancer might improve their oncologic outcomes. Patients were enrolled if they had biopsy proven stage IIIA-IVA squamous cervical cancer or stage IIB disease with metastatic regional nodes. Intensity-modulated radiotherapy was delivered with dynamic multi-leaf collimators using 6MV photon beams. Prescription for PTV ranged from 45.0 50.0 Gy at 1.8 Gy 2.0 Gy/fraction in 25 fractions. Enlarged nodes were contoured separately and PTV-nodes were boosted simultaneously to a total dose of 50.0–65 Gy at 2.0- 2.6 Gy/fraction in 25 fractions. A total dose of 28 35 Gy high-dose- rate brachytherapy was prescribed to point A in 4 5 weekly fractions using an iridium- 192 source. Concurrent weekly intravenous cisplatin at 30 mg/m2 was initiated on the first day of radiotherapy for over 1-h during external-beam radiotherapy. Adjuvant chemotherapy was scheduled within 4 weeks after the completion of concurrent chemo-radiotherapy and repeated 3 weeks later. Paclitaxel 150 mg/m2 was given as a 3-h infusion on day1, followed by cisplatin 35 mg/m2 with 1-h infusion on day1-2 (70 mg/m2 in total). Fifty patients achieved complete response 4 weeks after the completion of the treatment protocol, whereas 2 patients had persistent disease. After a median follow-up period of 66 months, loco-regional (including 2 persistent disease), distant, and synchronous treatment failure occurred in 4,5, and 1, respectively. The 5-year disease-free survival, loco-regional recurrence-free survival, distant-metastasis recurrence-free survival was 80.5

Background: Lymph node metastasis (LNM) accounts for the most important route of metastasis for cervical cancer. Yet, the status of LNM is different in patients with similar clinico-pathological variables. It has been revealed that microRNAs are widely involved in the occurrence and development of various malignancies, and the tumor-suppressive or promoting effects of microRM-99 (miR-99) family have been previously reported. This study sought to investigate the predictive value of miR-99a for lymphogenous spread and its effect on the survival of patients with early-stage cervical squamous cell cancer (CSCC). Methods: Patients with stage IB squamous cervical cancer who were treated surgically between October 2015 and November 2018 were enrolled. A total of 21 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues of pathologically confirmed positive lymph nodes were retrieved, and an additional 21 tissues of negative lymph nodes from patients well-matched on baseline characteristics were collected as the control group. TaqMan real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to examine the expression levels of miR-99a in the samples. Differential expression levels of miR-99a were compared between the 2 groups using independent sample t-test. Furthermore, the associations between miR-99a expression level and clinico-pathological parameters of these 42 patients was evaluated by Chi-square test or Fisher's exact-probability method, and their effects on survival were assessed using Kaplan-Meier product-limit method. Results: There were no significant differences in baseline clinico-pathological parameters between the 2 groups (P>0.05). The expression levels of miR-99a in the node-positive group and control group were 1.61 +/- 3.09 and 16.77 +/- 30.40, respectively (P=0.029). Downregulated expression of miR-99a was dosely related to depth of invasion (DOI) and lymph-vascular space invasion (P<0.05). Univariate analysis revealed that downregulated miR-99a and deeper DOI were associated with worse 5-year disease-free survival, while multivariate analysis showed that only the expression level of miR-99a was an independent factor for disease-free survival (HR =0.120; 95% CI: 0.015-0.979; P=0.048). Patients with downregulated miR-99a tended to have more unfavorable overall survival, but the difference did not reach statistical significance. Conclusions: MiR-99a plays an inhibitory role in the pathogenesis of lymph node metastasis and may serve as a novel prognostic biomarker for patients with CSCC.

目的:探讨原发性阴道肠型腺癌（PVAIT）的临床诊治要点。方法:收集2015年1月至2019年12月中国医学科学院北京协和医学院肿瘤医院诊治的2例PVAIT患者的临床病理资料，并回顾分析相关文献。结果:2例患者均为早期病变，病灶局限，结合病理特征及影像学检查排除转移性癌，明确诊断为PVAIT。2例PVAIT患者中，1例患者行根治性手术治疗，术后同步放化疗，目前已随访43个月无复发；1例患者化疗后9个月肿瘤复发，复发后未规范治疗，发病48个月进展至Ⅳ期。结论:PVAIT临床罕见，需依靠病理及影像学检查与肠道转移性腺癌鉴别。治疗上应注重个体化，早期、病灶局限者首选手术治疗。

Background and Objectives Carbon nanoparticles (CNPs) has been widely confirmed the efficiency in sentinel lymph node (SLN) mapping for various solid tumors. This study aims to explore the feasibility and effectiveness of CNPs during laparoscopic surgery for cervical cancer. Methods We analyzed 45 women with stage IB1-IIA1 cervical cancer who underwent SLN mapping using CNPs during laparoscopic surgery. The effectiveness of CNPs was evaluated by the detection rate and accuracy parameters. Factors associated with SLN laterality and SLNs localizations were analyzed. Results The overall and bilateral detection rate was 93.3% (42/45) and 60.0% (27/45), respectively. Elevated body mass index was associated with decreased bilateral detection rate (P = .015). A total of 225 SLNs were harvested, with a mean number of 5.0 +/- 3.6. A total of 81.3% of SLNs were in expected localizations including external iliac (39.1%), internal iliac (25.8%), and obturator (16.4%) regions, while 18.7% in unusual localizations including common iliac (10.7%), parametrial (7.6%), and presarcal (0.4%) regions. None positive lymph node was found in non-SLNs with a false-negative rate of 0%. Conclusion Laparoscopic SLN mapping with CNPs appears to be simple and efficient for patients with early-stage cervical cancer.

The cover image is based on the Original Article Detection of sentinel lymph node in laparoscopic surgery for uterine cervical cancer using carbon nanoparticles by Guangwen Yuan et al., https://doi.org/10.1002/jso.26100.

Objective: To investigate the clinical significance of separate lateral parametrial lymph node dissection (LPLND) in improving parametrial lymph node (PLN) and its metastasis detection rate during radical hysterectomy for early-stage cervical cancer. Methods: From July 2007 to August 2017, 2,695 patients with cervical cancer in stage IB1-IIA2 underwent radical hysterectomy were included. Of these patients, 368 underwent separate dissection of PLNs using the LPLND method, and 2,327 patients underwent conventional radical hysterectomy (CRH). We compared the surgical parameters, PLN detection rate and PLN metastasis rate between the two groups. Results: Compared with CRH group, the rate of laparoscopic surgery was higher (60.3% vs. 15.9%, P<0.001), and the blood transfusion rate was lower (19.0% vs. 29.0%, P<0.001) in the LPLND group. PLNs were detected in 356 cases (96.7%) in the LPLND group, and 270 cases (11.6%) in the CRH group (P<0.001), respectively. The number of PLNs detected in the LPLND group was higher than that in the CRH group (median 3 vs. 1, P<0.001). The PLN metastases were detected in 25 cases (6.8%) in the LPLND group, and 18 cases (0.8%) in the CRH group (P<0.001), respectively. In multivariable analysis, LPLND is an independent factor not only for PLN detection [odds ratio (OR)=228.999, 95% confidence interval (95% CI): 124.661-420.664; P<0.001], but also for PLN metastasis identification (OR=10.867, 95% CI: 5.381-21.946; P<0.001). Conclusions: LPLND is feasible and safe. The surgical method significantly improves the detection rate of PLN and avoids omission of PLN metastasis during radical hysterectomy for early-stage cervical cancer.

Study Objective: To evaluate the detection rate and accuracy of sentinel lymph node (SLN) mapping using cervical and fundal injections of carbon nanoparticles (CNPs) in laparoscopic surgery of endometrioid endometrial cancer (EC) and to identify uterine lymphatic drainage pathways validated by mapping. Design: A prospective consecutive study (Canadian Task Force classification II-2). Setting: An academic research center. Patients: Consecutive patients with a pathologic diagnosis of early-stage EC scheduled for primary laparoscopic-assisted staging surgery (laparoscopic hysterectomy, bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, or comprehensive lymphadenectomy). Interventions: Enrolled patients underwent laparoscopic SLN mapping with a 50-mg CNP tracer injection. Fifty patients received fundal subserosal injections at 4 sites (the fundal group), whereas 65 patients received cervical submucosal injections at 2 sites (the cervical group). After SLN mapping, all patients underwent laparoscopic staging surgery. Measurements and Main Results: No allergic reactions to CNPs were observed in either group. The overall SLN detection rates were 100% and 92% in the cervical and fundal groups, and the bilateral SLN detection rates were 97% and 68% (p < .001), respectively. A total of 12 metastatic SLNs were accurately detected in 5 patients. The sensitivity of metastatic lymph node detection was 100% in the cervical group, which is higher than that in the fundal group (80%). The false-negative rates were 0% and 20%, respectively, in the cervical and fundal groups. Furthermore, we verified 3 uterine lymphatic pathways using the 2 injection methods. The upper paracervical pathway was the most common drainage pathway in both groups (91.4% in the cervical group vs 80.24% in the fundal group), whereas the infundibulopelvic pathway was observed only in the fundal group (15.11%). Conclusion: SLN mapping by CNPs in laparoscopic surgery for EC is a safe and effective alternative, with a higher detection rate and better accuracy with cervical injections than fundal injections. The upper paracervical pathway was the most common lymphatic pathway, whereas the infundibulopelvic pathway was only displayed in fundal injections. (C) 2018 AAGL. All rights reserved.

OBJECTIVE:This study aimed to investigate the role of neoadjuvant bleomycin, etoposide, and cisplatin (BEP) regimen in patients with extensively advanced yolk sac tumors (YSTs). METHODS:Between July 1982 and December 2015, a total of 58 patients with YST were initially treated at our institution, among which 18 were evaluated to be inoperable and received neoadjuvant BEP regimen. They were either too debilitated by the disease [Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Performance Status Scale (ECOG ps) ≥2] to undergo a major surgery or were with too extensively disseminated lesions to be optimally debulked. This cohort of patients was retrospectively reviewed. RESULTS:One or 2 cycles of BEP regimen were prescribed to the majority of patients preoperatively. At the completion of neoadjuvant chemotherapy, 17 of them had ECOG ps of 1 or less. Seventeen (94.4%) exhibited clinical partial tumor regression, and 1 (5.6%) had clinical stable disease. Pathological complete tumor regression was observed in 2 (11.1%) patients, whereas the remaining 16 (88.9%) had nearly complete pathological regression. Seventeen patients were cytoreduced to no macroscopic residual disease; the remaining 1 was cytoreduced to macroscopic residual disease of 2 cm or less. No major surgical complications occurred. After a median follow-up of 83.5 months, 17 patients were free of recurrence. Five-year disease-free survival and overall survival were both 94.4%. Fertility-sparing surgery was carried out in all the 17 patients with the desire to preserve their fertility, and 5 infants were delivered in 6 patients who attempted conception. CONCLUSIONS:One or 2 cycles of neoadjuvant BEP regimen followed by cytoreductive surgery offer a chance for cure in extensively advanced patients with YSTs and help pave the way for fertility-sparing surgery.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the feasibility of using ultrasonic scalpel combined with vascular clip in parametrial management, called limited energy parametrial resection/dissection (LEPRD), in laparoscopic nerve plane-sparing radical hysterectomy (NPSRH), a modified nerve-sparing radical hysterectomy (NSRH); and to evaluate its effectiveness in pelvic autonomic nerve preservation. Methods: From July 2012 to January 2016, 257 consecutive patients with stage IB1 to IIA2 cervical cancer who underwent NPSRH were included in this study. Patients were divided into three cohorts according to the different parametrial resection modality. The clinical, pathological and surgery-related parameters were compared between the three groups. Short- and long-term postoperative bladder functions were evaluated. Results: LEPRD was attempted in 94 patients, and was successful in 65 (69.1%) patients (LEPRD group). The remaining 29 (30.9%) patients required bipolar coagulation after failure of vascular clipping (combined modality group). Routine bipolar cautery was used in the other 163 patients during the parametrial resection (bipolar group). The blood loss in the LEPRD group was significantly lower than those in the other two groups (P<0.001). The rate of successful Foley removal on postoperative day 7 was significantly higher in the LEPRD group than in the bipolar group (P=0.022). The incidence of chronic voiding dysfunction was significantly lower in the LEPRD group than in the bipolar group (P=0.019). Conclusions: It is feasible to perform LEPRD in NPSRH for cervical cancers. This kind of limited energy surgical technique is associated with less blood loss, and leads to improved postoperative bladder function.

5570 Background: Due to the highly aggressive biological behavior and early intra-abdominal spread potential of ovarian yolk sac tumor (YST), a considerable proportion of patients were inoperalbe at initial diagnosis. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) in this cohort of patients. Methods: Between July 1982 and December 2015, 58 patients diagnosed as YSTs were initially treated at Cancer Hospital of China Academy of Medical Science (CAMS), among which 18 were evaluated to be inoperable and received NACT. They were either too debilitated by the disease (ECOG ps≥2) to undergo a major surgery, or were with too extensively disseminated lesions to be optimally debulked. Massive ascites, pleural effusion, dyspnea, neoplastic fever, hypoproteinemia, or electrolyte disturbance were also common in these 18 patients. This cohort of patients was retrospectively reviewed. Results: One or 2 cycles of BEP regimens were prescribed to the majority of patients preoperatively. At the completion of NACT, all the 18 patients had ECOG ps≤1 . Seventeen of them (94.4%) exhibited clinical partial tumor regression and 1(5.6%) had clinical stable disease. Pathological complete tumor regression was observed in 2 (11.1%) patients, whereas the remaining 16(88.9%) had nearly complete pathological response. All these 18 patients were rendered operable at the completion of NACT, yielding a resection rate of 100%. Seventeen patients (94.4%) were cytoreduced to no macroscopic residual disease, 1 (5.6%) patient was cyto-reduced to macroscopic residual disease ≤2 cm. No major surgical complications occurred in our series. After a median follow-up of 83.5 months, 17 patients were free of recurrence. Five-year DFS and OS were both 94.4%. Fertility-sparing surgery was carried out in all the 17 patients with fertility desire, and 5 infants were delivered in 6 patients who attempted conception. Conclusions: One or 2 cycles of NACT followed by early cyto-reductive surgery offers a chance for cure in patients with extensively advanced YSTs. It allows for a more through and safe cyto-reductive surgery, improves survival outcomes, and helps pave the way for fertility-sparing surgery.

Objective To investigate the clinicopathological features,survival,and the impact of postoperative adjuvant radiotherapy on the ovarian function in patients less than or equal to 35 years of age with stage ⅠB-ⅡA cervical cancer.Methods One hundred and eighty-six patients who were admitted to our hospital from 2000 to 2011 were retrospectively analyzed.An equal number of patients older than 35 years of age with cervical cancer within the same period were used as stage-marched controls.The Kaplan-Meier method was used to calculate the survival rates,and the log-rank test was used for pairwise comparison and univariate prognostic analyses.The Cox proportional hazards model was used for multivariate prognostic analyses.Results The patients less than or equal to 35 years of age had a significantly higher incidence of non-squamous carcinoma but significantly lower incidence rates of deep stromal invasion and lymph-vascular space invasion (LVSI) compared with the control group (P =0.000;P =0.008;P =0.000).Though young patients had significantly higher 5-year disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) rates than the control group (93.7％ vs.84.5％,P=0.005;96.1％ vs.89.5％,P=0.033),age was not an independent prognostic factor (P =0.202;P =0.950).Among patients less than or equal to 35 years of age,lymph node metastasis and LVSI were independent prognostic factors for DFS (P =0.000;P =0.000),while LVSI and initial tumor size were independent prognostic factors for OS (P =0.000;P =0.000).There was no significant difference in the incidence of normal ovarian function between young patients treated with and without adjuvant radiotherapy after ovarian transposition (63％ vs.73％,P =0.422).Conclusions Patients less than or equal to 35 years of age with stage ⅠB-ⅡA cervical cancer have a better prognosis than the control group.However,age is not an independent prognostic factor.Postoperative adjuvant radiotherapy will not impair the function of transposed ovaries.

Objective:To approach the clinicopathologic characteristics, treatment modalities, and prognosis of the patients with double primary carcinoma of endometrial carcinoma and colorectal carcinoma and analyze the relationship between this disease and Lynch syndrome. Methods:The clinicopathologic and follow-up data of 34 cases with double primary carcinoma of endometrial carci-noma and colorectal carcinoma treated in Cancer Hospital of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences were reviewed. Results:The medi-an age of the 34 patients was 51.5 years old (ranging from 39 to 76). Twenty-two of the total cases (22/34, 64.7%) had tumor family his-tory. The pathologic results indicated that 79.4%(27/34) was endometrioid adenocarcinoma. In the 34 cases, 33 were treated by surgical procedure. Of the 33 cases undergoing surgery, 17 patients with endometrial carcinoma and 19 with colorectal carcinoma received fur-ther adjuvant treatment of chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy. The 2-and 5-year survival rates were 84.3%and 63.1%in the 34 cases, respectively. Conclusion:The age of onset is earlier in the patients with double primary carcinoma than in those with sporadic colorec-tal carcinoma. Some cases have cancer family history, and their survival rates are similar to those of the patients with sporadic colorec-tum carcinoma. Diagnosis of some patients with double primary carcinoma may be in line with Lynch syndrome.

Background Nerve-sparing radical hysterectomy (NSRH) was developed in an attempt to minimize complications after radical hysterectomy. Since 2008, a modified NSRH-nerve plane-sparing radical hysterectomy (NPSRH) has been developed at the Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of NPSRH in improving postoperative pelvic visceral dysfunctions.Methods Eighty-three patients with International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage IB1-IIA2 cervical cancer received NPSRH (the study group) from January 2008 to October 2012. One hundred and sixty-six patients who underwent conventional radical hysterectomy (CRH) were randomly selected as the control group. Age, pathological type and stage were matched between the two groups. The safety of surgery was assessed by duration of operation and blood transfusion rate. Postoperative short-term bladder function was analyzed by duration of catheterization. Long-term bladder, anorectal and sexual function were evaluated with questionnaires.Results Seventy-eight patients (94.0%) in the NPSRH group and one hundred and sixty patients (96.4%) in the CRH group completed the study. Median follow-up time was 31.9 months and 31.0 months respectively (P=0.708). There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of age, body mass index, FIGO stage, pathologic type, preoperative and postoperative therapy (P>0.05). The blood transfusion rate shared no difference between two groups (P=0.364). The operation time in the NPSRH group was significantly longer than CRH group (P<0.01). But the duration of catheterization and hospitalization in the NPSRH group was significantly reduced compared with CRH group (P<0.01). In addition, the incidence of long-term urinary frequency, urinary incontinence, urinary retention, straining to void, constipation and diarrhea was significantly lower in the NPSRH group (P<0.05). However, there was no significant difference regarding sexual function (P>0.05).Conclusions The current evidence indicated that NPSRH improved long-term bladder function compared to CRH. Moreover, it may improve long-term anorectal function as well.

OBJECTIVE:The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility and safety of laparoscopic nerve plane-sparing radical hysterectomy (NPSRH) and compare with that of open NPSRH. METHODS:One hundred and thirty-four patients with FIGO stage Ib1-IIa2 cervical cancer were enrolled in the study. Thirty-three patients underwent laparoscopic NPSRH. During the operation, the pelvic autonomic nerve plane which is directly underneath the ureter was integrally preserved by dissecting the pelvic spaces laparoscopically. The vessels around the nerve plane were controlled by Hem-o-lok polymer clips. One hundred and one patients underwent open NPSRH without special instruments. The clinical, pathological and surgery-related parameters were compared between the two groups. Moreover, postoperative short-term bladder function of these patients was also analyzed. RESULTS:There was no significant difference between the laparoscopic group and open group in terms of age, body mass index, previous surgery, FIGO stage, pathologic type, etc. (P > 0.05). The mean duration of surgery in the laparoscopic group was significantly longer [(303.8 ± 67.5) min vs. (272.4 ± 57.5) min] (P < 0.01). But, the laparoscopic group had less blood loss [177.0 ml vs. 474.5 ml, P < 0.01] and blood transfusion rate [ 6.1% (2/33 cases) vs. 49.5% (50/101 cases), P < 0.001]. There was no significant difference regarding the proportion of patients who firstly passed the post-void residual urine volume (PVR) test (P > 0.05). The median time of catheterization between the two groups were also comparable (P > 0.05). However, the postoperative hospital stay was significantly shorter in the laparoscopic group [median postoperative hospital stay 9.2 days vs. 11.0 days, P < 0.001]. CONCLUSIONS:Laparoscopic NPSRH is feasible. It seems to be comparable with open NPSRH in terms of preserving pelvic nerve function, but is more favorable in terms of blood loss and postoperative recovery.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the safety of ovarian preservation for stage I endometrial carcinomas in women aged 40 years and younger.METHODS:Seventy-five cases of stage I endometrial cancer aged 40 years and younger from Jan 1999 to Jan 2012 were treated in Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences. They were further divided into two groups: 20 patients who underwent ovarian preservation (group A) and 55 patients who underwent oophorectomy (group B). Clinical and pathological recordings of these patients were reviewed and compared.RESULTS:In the group A, there were 13 patients preserved both ovaries, and 7 patients preserved a single ovary. While there were no significant differences in the age, body mass index, surgical staging, histology, grade, cytology of peritoneal lavage or ascites, and postoperative treatment between two groups (all P > 0.05). The differences in the level of CA125 [25% (5/20) versus 18% (10/55)] and number of patients underwent pelvic lymphadenectomy [35% (7/20) versus 84% (46/55)] were statistically significant between two groups (all P < 0.05). Of seventy-five cases, only two patients relapsed and all survived after a median follow-up time of 31.7 months (range: 0 to 160 months). Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed no difference in overall survival (100.0% versus 100.0%) and disease free survival (90.0% versus 95.5%) between two groups (P = 0.579).CONCLUSIONS:Ovarian preservation has no statistically significant impact on the survival of young patients with stage Ia, well differentiated endometrial cancer. Large-scale, prospective clinical studies are needed to validate the safety of ovarian preservation for those patients.

OBJECTIVE:To compare the nerve plane sparing radical hysterectomy (NPSRH) with conventional radical hysterectomy (CRH) in terms of postoperative bladder function and prognosis. METHODS:One hundred and two patients with International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage Ib1-IIa2 cervical cancer were treated by open NPSRH (study group) from January 2008 to March 2013. During the same time periods, two hundred and four patients who underwent open CRH were randomly selected as the control group. Age, pathological type and FIGO stage were matched. RESULTS:The median operation time in NPSRH group and CRH group were 268.8 and 242.4 minutes, respectively (P < 0.01). The median hospital stay were 14.6 and 17.2 days (P < 0.01). The median volume of blood loss in the two groups were respectively 394 and 450 ml (P > 0.05). The blood transfusion rate was respectively 46.1% (47/102) and 41.7% (85/204; P > 0.05). The rate of postoperative complications were not significantly difference [14.7% (15/102) vs 11.8% (24/204), P > 0.05]. The median duration of catheterization was 9.1 and 15.2 days between two groups (P < 0.01). Eighty-five patients in NPSRH group and one hundred and sixty-seven patients in CRH group completed the telephone interview about the long-term bladder function. The incidence of long-term urinary frequency [14.1% (12/85) vs 33.5% (56/167)], urinary incontinence [36.5% (31/85) vs 54.5% (91/167) ], urinary retention [23.5% (20/85) vs 38.9% (65/167) ] and straining to void [10.6% (9/85) vs 40.7% (68/167)], there were significantly lower in NPSRH group than those in CRH group ( all P < 0.05). The rate of recurrence was 10.8% (11/102) in NPSRH group and 12.2% (25/204) in CRH group (P = 0.707). Three-year recurrence-free survival (RFS) estimate was 88.5% in NPSRH group and 91.1% in CRH group (P = 0.746). Three-year overall survival (OS) estimate was 93.7% in NPSRH group and 96.3% in CRH group (P = 0.701). The univariate analysis shown that pathological type, lymph node metastases, and lymph-vascular space invasion (LVSI) presented the trend for a worst 3-year RFS and OS (P < 0.05) . The multivariate analyses shown that both pathological type and lymph node metastases were associated with a worst 3-year RFS (P < 0.05) . Lymph node metastases was a significant independent predictor of 3-year OS (P = 0.001) . NPSRH was not a significant independent predictor by Cox regression model analyses. CONCLUSION:NPSRH contributes to bladder function recovery without compromising survival.