呼吸系统疾病是儿童常见病之一,近年来始终处于住院儿童疾病构成的第一位[1].而肺炎又是儿童呼吸系统疾病最常见的一种[2],是我国5岁以下儿童死亡的主要原因之一[3-4].对肺炎的治疗以经验治疗为主,因而对其病原学的了解,尤其是多病原流行病学资料的掌握对正确用药、减少不合理用药极为重要.本文回顾分析2016年杭州市儿童医院住院的支气管肺炎患儿呼吸道病原体感染情况,现报道如下.
目的 通过临床病例研究,探讨米力农治疗重症手足口病的疗效及安全性,指导临床应用.方法 收治二期重症手足口病患儿80例,随机分为米力农组(A组)和多巴胺、多巴酚丁胺组(B组),对其治疗前后血压、心率、神经系统和常见药物不良反应等进行监测,对结果进行统计分析.结果 A、B两组治疗后心血管指标心率、血压均有所下降,其中A组48小时后心率平均下降(55±7.2)次/分,而B组心率下降(46±5.6)次/分,两组差异有显著性(t=2.83,P＜0.01).A、B两组收缩压均逐步下降,A组48小时后收缩压平均下降(42±5.7)mmHg,B组48小时后收缩压平均下降(33 ±4.7) mmHg,差异有显著性(t=3.27,P＜0.01).A组神经系统症状(呕吐、惊跳、肢体抖动)和体征好转略早于B组,但差异无显著性.两组48小时治愈率分别为92.5％和75％,差异有显著性(x2=4.50,P＜0.05),A、B两组均无明显不良反应(P＞0.05).结论 治疗重症手足口病在改善心血管功能、神经系统症状和体征方面,米力农优于多巴胺、多巴酚丁胺,且不良反应没有增加.
<正>手足口病(hand-foot-mouth disease,HFMD)是肠道病毒引起的常见传染病之一。四季均可发生,夏秋季节多见,多发生于5岁以下婴幼儿,尤以3岁以下儿童发病率最高,临床表现轻重不一,主要表现为发热和手、足、口腔部位的疱疹溃疡,个别患者可引起心肌炎、肺水肿、无菌性脑膜脑炎等致命性并发症,严重者可致死亡[1-2]。笔者对678例手足口病患
Objective To learn the status of pediatricians' job burnout and mental health,and to know the factors that might have impact on them and to relieve their job burnout and improve mental health conditions in a better and more focused manner.Methods 213 pediatricians were investigated and the relationship between them was assessed by the Maslach Burnout Inventory and the Symptom Checklist-90.Results The pediatrician's job burnout was not serious but widespread of which their emotional exhaustion was the most sever.Sense of accomplishment was higher among internal pediatricians than external training pediatricians(P<0.05),male pediatricians' emotional exhaustion was more serious than female's(P<0.01),and female pediatricians enjoyed higher sense of accomplishment(P<0.01).The level of job burnout was the highest in intermediate grade doctors but the lowest in senior doctors.The mental health was worse among male physicians than female in general and was the worst among intermediate grade doctors.Conclusion Physicians' job burnout level and mental health conditions are affected by their affiliation,gender,title and the state of job burnout which can be used to measure the level of mental health.
