为了解湖北荆州地区女性HRHPV感染的流行病学特征,采用荧光PCR方法检测就诊女性15种HRHPV基因型,用SPSS 23.0软件进行统计分析.结果表明,3677例就诊女性总感染率为20.64％(759例),优势型别依次为HPV52(6.53％,240例)、HPV58(3.51％,129例)、HPV16(2.99％,110例)、HPV39(2.64％,97例)与HPV68(2.04％,75例).HRHPV感染率最低年龄段为30～39岁(18.10％,187例),最高年龄段为60～69岁(37.61％,41例).HRHPV感染模式中单一型别感染率为14.11％(519例),双重感染率为4.81％(177例),三重、四重与五重感染均有检出.HRHPV的感染率(P<0.01)和感染模式(P<0.05)在不同年龄段间有统计学差异.荆州地区女性HRHPV感染型别以HPV52、HPV58和HPV16型为主.感染模式以单一型别感染为主,双重感染次之.年龄与HRHPV的阳性率和多重感染率正相关.

目的:探讨影响血液检验分析前质量控制的因素并提出相应的对策与建议.方法:收集某院检验科门诊科室2016年1月~12月血液常规检验的7210例患者作为研究对象,并采用回顾性与描述性统计分析方法,对7210例患者中不合格的血液检验样本进行分类整理与统计分析,从患者因素、采集因素、安放因素、仪器因素和环境因素五个方面对影响血液检验分析前质量控制的因素进行总结.结果:①7210例血液检验样本中,有198例不合格,问题率2.7%;②影响血液检验分析前质量控制的因素中,采集因素所占的比例最大(28.8%),主要包括血液采集量、时间、部位以及放置的时间、采集人员的操作是否规范等,其次为安放因素(24.7%)、仪器因素(19.2%)、环境因素(16.2%),最后是患者因素(11.1%).结论:依据分析结果,对未来血液检验分析前质量控制提出了几点对策与建议.

目的 运用荧光光谱法研究镉离子(Cd2+)与人血清白蛋白在不同温度、浓度下的相互作用.方法 温度为298 K、304 K、310 K、314 K时,在HSA中逐步加入Cd2+,分别测定各条件下HSA及混合样品的荧光光谱.结果 随着Cd2浓度的增大,HSA发射峰略有红移,荧光强度降低;随着温度增高,HSA猝灭程度加大;温度从298 K升至310 K时,Ksv逐步减小,结合常数、结合位点逐步增大,而当温度升高至314 K时,结合常数、结合位点数反而下降;反应中的焓变△H＞0、熵变△S ＞0且吉布斯自由能变△G ＜0.结论 Cd2+对HSA荧光猝灭机制可能为静态猝灭和动态猝灭同时存在.温度升高至310 K时,Cd2与HSA的作用增强,两者之间的作用力主要为疏水作用,而到314 K时则表现出动态猝灭的特征.

Objective To investigate the incidence of osteoporosis(OP) in rheumatoid arthritis(RA) patients by monitoring total N-terminal propeptide of type I procollagen (TPINP), β-collagen specific se-quences (β-CTx) and N-terminal-midfragment of osteocalcin (N-MID) in serum. Methods Bone mineral density (BMD) of 70 cases of RA inpatients and 60 cases of volunteers were measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptionmetry. The serum TPINP, β-CTx and N-MID were measured by electrochemiluminescence im-munoassay. The incidence of OP, bone turnover markers in RA patients and volunteers, bone turnover markers in the RA patients with or without OP were evaluated. Results The incidence of OP in RA patients group was significantly higher than that of control group, and difference had statistical significance(χ2=11.07, P<0.05). Compared with control group, the levels of TPINP and N-MID in RA patients were obviously decreased, but the level ofβ-CTx was dramatically increased and the differences all had statistical significance (Pall<0.05). There was no statistical significance in the differences for TPINP and N-MID between RA patients with OP and without OP(t=0.69, t=0.58, Pall>0.05), exceptβ-CTx(t=3.09, P<0.05). Conclusion The measurement of the serum TPINP,β-CTx and N-MID levels are helpful for evaluating the incidence of OP in RA patients.

目的：对血液性疾病而言，准确可靠的血液检验报告可帮助医师准确诊断病情与监测疗效。但由于血液检测易受诸多因素影响，为了使检测结果更真实地反映患者的实际病情，为临床诊断和治疗提供可靠依据，必须对检验的全程进行质量控制。本文对于血液样本检测中影响其质量结果的因素进行研究分析，以便对血液样本的质量检验有更好的改善。方法：在对血液的样本做出研究分析以前，分析过程以及分析之后的三个环节中对会影响其检验质量结果的因素做出进一步的研究，同时针对这些因素，选取与之对应的措施对血液检验的质量进行有效的控制。结果：经过采用质量管理控制的方法对血液样本检验的每一个不同的环节都采取有效的控制措施，通过这样的方法可以使检验的质量得到保证，保证了血液样本可以具有较高的准确性。结论：为了能够使血液样本的检验质量得到更加有效的改善，在对血液样本进行收集的时候以及在送检和检测的过程中都要加强对其的控制，对于会影响质量的一切原因进行详尽的了解分析，同时在完成检验工作的时候一定要按照操作标准的行为规范来实施执行，保证在整个血液样本的检测过程中可以更好的实现操作的规范化、工作的标准化以及管理的制度化，避免在工作的任何一个阶段出现失误，更好的保障了精确的检验结果。

目的观察造血系统和非造血系统疾病叶酸减少患者的血细胞分析参数变化,为临床诊治提供依据.方法141例叶酸减少患者分为造血系统和非造血系统疾病2组,观察其白细胞数(WBC)、红细胞数(RBC)、血红蛋白(Hb)、平均红细胞体积(MCV)、平均红细胞血红蛋白量(MCH)、平均红细胞血红蛋白浓度(MCHC)、红细胞体积分布宽度(RDW)、血小板数(PLT),并与120例健康体检人群进行比较.结果叶酸减少患者中,除再生障碍性贫血(AA)组外,其余组与正常对照组比较,白细胞和血小板计数均无明显差异(P>0.05).非造血系统疾病组RBC,Hb、MCH参数与健康对照组相比相对减少,有显著性差异(P<0.05).造血系统疾病组,除MCHC值与正常对照组比较,仅MA组有显著性差异(P<0.05)外,其余参数均有较为明显的不同程度变化.结论血细胞分析中的红细胞相关参数,特别是对MCV值和RDW值的观察,对叶酸减少患者的诊断和治疗具有重要意义.

Objective To establish the rechecked rules for urinary microscopic examination after holistic analysis in our own lab.Methods Summarize the results of holistic analysis of 1 053 urine samples and establish rechecked rules for urinary microscopic examination,then evaluate the effect of rechecked rules by comparing the results of clinical diagnostic tests before and after applying the rules.Results Both dry chemistry urinalysis and flow cytometer analysis can cause false positive and false negative in some extent.According to the inferencing factors we made the following microscopic re-checked rules:①analysis results of RBC determined by flow cytometer urine sediment analyser and urine dipsticks analyser are different and show abnormal scatter diagram;②analysis results of WBC determined by flow cytometer urine sediment analyser and urine dipsticks analyser are different and show abnormal scatter diagram,leukocytes(LEU)and epidemine cells or small round cells(SRC)examination are positive;③the samples′protein test is positive should examine pipe models with microscope;④the UF-1000i analyzer alarm shows REVIEW;⑤muddy urine;⑥patients with urinary system disease or nephrophy,doctor′s demand and UF-1000i show no data after analysis.After our assessment,the rechecked rate of the rules is 41.9%,also the assessment indicators of the clinical diagnostic test are all improved,meanwhile specifity,accuracy,and positive predictive value improved significantly.Conclusion the microscopic rechecked rules established in this study not only provide basic data for our lab but also serve as reference for making and refining urinary holistic analysis.