红栎类树种原产于美洲,因生长快速、适应性强、秋色优美,被广泛引种至我国多省,在国内彩叶苗木市场占有重要地位.为了拓展对红栎树种资源的认识,本文综述了该类树种的分类地位、资源分布、生态适应性和潜在应用价值等.红栎属于栎亚属,共124种;资源分布于美国、墨西哥、中美洲和哥伦比亚等地;在重叠分布区,共存栎树常常发生种间杂交;园林应用引种主要从适生性、观赏性和木材的可利用性等方面考虑.研究综述可为红栎的科学引种驯化提供合理建议.

[目的]分析山樱花不同居群遗传多样性,为其种质资源保护与利用提供理论依据.[方法]利用SSR分子标记对8个山樱花自然居群共224份样本进行遗传多样性分析.[结果]17对SSR引物共检测到113个等位基因,平均每个位点6.647个等位基因,多态位点百分率为92.65％;物种水平上Nei's遗传多样性指数为0.634,居群水平上Nei's遗传多样性指数、Shannon信息指数分别为0.498、0.939.Structure分析显示8个山樱花居群来自3个基因库,与主坐标分析结果较为一致.[结论]SSR标记可以用于山樱花群体遗传多样性分析,山樱花群体间与群体内遗传多样性均较高.

In order to explore the growth rule and regeneration characteristics of sprouting population of Cerasus clarofolia (Schneid.) Yu et Li in Huangshan Mountain Scenic Area of Anhui, sprouting branch type, age class structure 〔replaced by diameter class structure, according to diameter at breast height ( DBH) and height ( H ) for dividing diameter class〕, static life table, survival curve and survival function of this population were analyzed respectively on the basis of field survey. The results show that the main sprouting branch in this population is root collar sprouting branch, root sucker sprouting branch is fewer and mostly appears simultaneously with root collar sprouting branch. Number of young sprouting branches is more, that of middle age sprouting branches is less, while that of old age sprouting branches is even less, indicating that there are many seedlings and young trees but a few middle age and old plants in this population. Dynamic index of variation of sprouting branch number of this population is 56. 39% in natural state, while that is 5. 64% when considering disturbance. On the whole, survival number and standardized survival number of sprouting branches are more fromⅠclass ( DBH<3 cm, H<130 cm) toⅢ class ( 3 cm≤DBH<8 cm ) , and those are less from Ⅷ class ( 28 cm≤DBH<33 cm ) to Ⅹ class (DBH≥38 cm). Life expectancy of sprouting branch at Ⅱ class (DBH<3 cm, H≥130 cm) is the highest (2. 980), while that atⅩclass is the lowest (0. 500). Variation tendencies of mortality rate and loss degree of sprouting branch at each class are basically consistent with two peak values appearing in sprouting branches at Ⅰ and Ⅸ class, respectively. Survival curve of this population is between DeeveyⅡtype and Deevey Ⅲ type, but is closer to Deevey Ⅱ type. Mortality density function and hazard rate function of sprouting branch at Ⅰ class are the largest, those at Ⅱ class are 0. 000, and those at other age classes tend to flatten. With increasing of age class, cumulative mortality function of sprouting branch elevates continually, while survival rate function decreases continually. It is suggested that in general, sprouting population of C. clarofolia in Huangshan Mountain Scenic Area is in a dynamic stable state. From the view of population development, appropriate minor artificial disturbance is recommended to improve living environment of seedlings and promote regeneration of the population.

Based on field survey, species composition and α diversity indexes of five typical habitats ( arbor land, forest edge, abandoned land, waste hillside and shrub land ) of natural population of Narcissus tazetta var. chinensis M. Roem. on Daleishan Island of Nanji Islands in Zhejiang Province were analyzed, and the relationship between species distribution and main environmental factors, interspecific relationship between N. tazetta var. chinensis and its associated species, and spatial distribution pattern of natural population of N. tazetta var. chinensis were studied by using canonical correspondence analysis ( CCA ) , minimum spanning tree ( MST ) analysis and spatial point pattern analysis ( SPPA ) , respectively. The results show that there are 28 species in five habitats of natural population of N. tazetta var. chinensis on Daleishan Island of Nanji Islands in Zhejiang Province, in which, there are 16, 13, 9, 8 and 8 species in arbor land, forest edge, abandoned land, waste hillside and shrub land, respectively. Important value of N. tazetta var. chinensis in all five habitats is the highest. Shannon-Wiener diversity index of abandoned land and arbor land is higher, that of shrub land and forest edge is the second, while that of waste hillside is the lowest. Cluster analysis result of five habitats shows that abandoned land and arbor land are clustered into one group, and other three habitats are clustered into the other group. CCA ordination result shows that distribution of N. tazetta var. chinensis is negatively correlated with slope, and positively correlated with electrical conductivity, water content and temperature of soil, aspect, and altitude, indicating that habitat with gentle slope, and moderate water content, electrical conductivity and temperature of soil is suitable for the growth of N. tazetta var. chinensis. MST analysis result shows that N. tazetta var. chinensis has the closest interspecific relationship with its associated species Rumex japonicus Houtt., Bidens pilosa Linn. and Artemisia lavandulifolia DC., which should be considered as key prevention objects in biological treatment for restoration of natural population of N. tazetta var. chinensis. SPPA analysis result shows that number of N. tazetta var. chinensis association distributed in the waste hillside is relatively high, which distributes concentratedly in the northeast corner, but rarely in the west and south;N. tazetta var. chinensis association shows random distribution at the scale of 0. 0-0. 1 m;when the scale is greater than 0. 1 m, it shows concentrated distribution. It is suggested that natural population of N. tazetta var. chinensis on Daleishan Island of Nanji Islands in Zhejiang Province mainly distributes concentratedly in abandoned land on the southeast slope, and heterogeneity of island habitat and self-reproduction characteristics are the key factors influencing restoration of natural population of N. tazetta var. chinensis on Nanji Islands. Long-term monitoring and related research are recommended for the community dynamics of N. tazetta var. chinensis, and integrated management combined with the ecosystem of the island is also suggested.

为了解浙闽樱桃(Cerasus schneideriana)地理分布特征及与气候限制因子之间的关系,基于DIVA-GIS平台获取实际地理分布点的气候资料,利用BIOCLIM模型预测当下适生区范围以及预测其未来潜在分布.结果表明,浙闽樱桃实际分布区覆盖浙江、福建、安徽、江西、广西及湖南6省,浙闽交界的山区是自然分布的核心区,浙皖交界是其分布的北界.未来气候变化情境(CCM3)下,浙闽樱桃的潜在分布区概率将增大,且有北扩的趋势.主成分分析(PCA)表明,年降水量(bio12)、最湿季降雨量(bio16)、最暖季降雨量(bio18)、温度季节变化方差(bio4)是影响浙闽樱桃当下适生区的气候限制因子,频率直方图进一步确定他们的适宜范围分别为1503～2003mm、604～951mm、528～791mm和601～872(标准差*100).ROC曲线检验表明BIOCLIM对浙闽樱桃分布预测的精度很高(AUC=0.998),结果是可信的.因此,浙闽樱桃适合生长在我国北亚热带温暖湿润区,水热因子是造成其分布格局的主导气候限制因子.

可持续经营栎林对于优化我国人工林结构、改善生物多样性、提高生态与经济效益具有重要的现实意义.文中介绍了我国栎树中代表树种——麻栎(Quercus acutissima)的森林经营现状,综述了近10年来在遗传变异研究、种源试验与育苗、造林与森林经营技术方面取得的研究进展,并对我国未来栎树产业发展提出建议和策略.

介绍了用胸径4～6 cm的大叶女贞作砧木,用金叶日本女贞作接穗,运用高位嫁接技术,培育高干金叶日本女贞的技术环节.经过1～2a的定向培育和树冠造型,培育出整个树冠在冬季和早春叶色为金黄色、树形优美、观赏价值高的金叶日本女贞成品苗,成功率90％以上.

In this paper,growth in height,caliper,and biomass,and dynamic changes of the δ13C and δ15N value in the vegetative organs of Populus × euramericana‘Nanlin 895’cuttings were investigated in response to different concentrations of exogenous Ca2 + treatments. The experimental results showed that different concentrations of exogenous Ca2 + were able to promote the plant growth; the height,caliper,and biomass increments were all greater than the control after spraying exogenous Ca2 + ,among which the 200 mg·L -1 Ca2 + concentration exhibited the best effect. Compared with the control, the average of the height,caliper and biomass treated with 200 mg·L -1 Ca2 + increased by 14. 82% ,18. 01% ,and 19. 7% respectively. The stable isotope,δ13C and δ15N,enrichment capacity of the Populus × euramericana‘Nanlin 895’ cuttings were affected by different concentration exogenous Ca2 + to various degrees. With the Ca2 + concentration increased (0,2,20,100,200,300 mg·L -1),the δ13C and δ15N values of the leaf,stem and root presented a gradual increase at low concentrations,and then slowly declined at high concentration,with the maximum value appeared at the concentration of 200 mg·L -1 Ca2 + . The distribution of δ13 C and δ15 N value in the plant complied with the principle that the "sink" organ was more than the"source"organ. The correlation analysis showed that both the δ13C and δ15N values of"source" organ had a significantly negative correlation with the height,caliper,and the positive correlation with biomass. The δ13C, δ15N value of"sink"organ had a significantly positive correlation with the plant height,caliper,and biomass. The δ13C, δ15 N value dynamic changes of different vegetative organs reflected to a certain extent accumulation and redistribution patterns of the photoassimilates in the"source"and"sink"organs of Populus × euramericana ‘Nanlin 895’cuttings in response to exogenous Ca2 + concentration.

During the period from 2005 to 2007,the cultivation experiment of introduced Alnus rubra was conducted both in Liuhe in Jiangsu,and Nanlin in Anhui,respectively.The results indicated that Alnus rubra was a fast-growth tree species.Annual height growth was 3.98 m in Liuhe and 5.01 m in Nanlin,respectively,and annual basal diameter growth was 5.9 cm in Liuhe and 7.14 cm in Nanlin,respectively.The growth of height related with basal diameter significantly.Flowering and fruiting occurred after the fourth year growth.

The stoma morphology,leaf development characteristics and leaf water-holding ability of Cylocarya paliurus seedlings from three provenances were investigated after salt treatments.C.paliurus seedlings were treated with four levels(control,0.1% NaCl,0.3% NaCl and 0.5% NaCl) in a hydroponic system in a phytotron.Results showed that under NaCl stress,water losing of mesophyll cells resulted in leaf carnification degree reduced and the ability of leaf storing water declined.Furthermore,because of leaf losing water,stoma opening degree became small.The leaf water-holding ability of the three provenances of C.paliurus seedlings was in the order of Huangshan of Anhui Province,Kunming of Yunnan Province,Jiujiang of Jiangxi Province.Overall,the salt-tolerance of the three provenances was also the order of Huangshan of Anhui Province,Kunming of Yunnan Province,Jiujiang of Jiangxi Province,which could provide some references for the silviculture of C.paliurus plantations.