目的 进行介入治疗对早期激素性股骨头坏死骨重建的实验研究.方法 选取成年兔60只,随机分为对照组和实验组,各30只.在短期内向2组成年兔大量注射地塞米松注射液,诱发兔股骨头缺血性坏死,7 d后进行磁共振(MRI)扫描,记录股骨头缺血性坏死范围.实验组立即进行介入治疗,药物选用尿激酶、低分子右旋糖酐、复方丹参、骨肽和罂粟碱,15 d后再次行介入治疗.对照组不予以介入治疗.2组均于实验前、激素注射结束后、治疗后90 d时进行MRI扫描.结果 与实验前比较,2组激素注射结束后和治疗后90 d软质骨、密质骨和硬质骨层体积以及骨密度、正常范围(NR)、水肿范围(ROE)/NR、ROE均升高(P<0.05);与激素注射结束后比较,实验组治疗后90 d软质骨、密质骨和硬质骨层体积以及骨密度、ROE、ROE/NR均降低(P<0.05),NR升高(P<0.05),对照组软质骨、密质骨和硬质骨层体积以及骨密度、ROE、ROE/NR均升高(P<0.05),NR降低(P<0.05);实验组实验前、激素注射结束后软质骨、密质骨和硬质骨层体积以及骨密度、ROE、NR、ROE/NR与对照组比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),治疗后90 d软质骨、密质骨和硬质骨层体积以及骨密度、NR、ROE/NR均大于对照组(P<0.05),ROE小于对照组(P<0.05).结论 介入治疗有利于早期激素性股骨头坏死骨重建.

To study the effects of temperature on bone remodeling by the results of the whole and local changes of bone layer and the finite element simulation .On the basis of previous experiments , the data was imported into Mimics software to build the model through the CT scan .The whole process was divided into four stages:The establishment of OA rabbit model before and after the estab-lishment of OA rabbit model , sand therapy for a week and after treatment for two weeks .The good model established was imported into the 3-matic inside and was mesh generation , and then the model was imported into the COMSOL software to simulate the heat trans-fer.By the CT scan data and comparison of the results of numerical simulation of heat transfer , it was found that bone tissue of internal thermal stress increased with temperature rose , when the temperature reached at 42℃,maximum stress appeared;then decreased with the increase of temperature stress values .In higher temperature region , soft bone showed a trend of decrease , and compact bone and hard bone volume increased .Sand treatment in the process of heat transfer for bone reconstruction plays a promoting role .The adjust-ment effect and reconstruction of bone is most obvious at 42℃.

目的：探讨腰椎慢性布氏杆菌病的影像学诊断特点，提高对腰椎慢性布氏杆菌病的影像学认识，掌握腰椎慢性布氏杆菌病的影像诊断及鉴别诊断。方法收集2013年6月至2015年10月共26例病例经手术证实或临床实验室证实的腰椎慢性布氏杆菌性病变的影像资料，包括腰椎 X 线片，CT 扫描并行 MIP、VR、MPR、MRI 检查，并结合患者实验室检查结果，进行回顾分析。结果腰椎慢性布氏杆菌病好发于下腰椎，本组病例共19例累及腰4椎体，15例累及腰5椎体，均可见病变椎体骨质破坏和修复共存，骨质破坏同时伴有骨质增生硬化，且到后期增生硬化改变多于骨质破坏，同时伴有椎间盘破坏，椎间隙变窄，周围韧带钙化，亦可伴椎旁脓肿形成等改变，多排螺旋 CT 扫描多方位可清晰显示骨质破坏及增生硬化改变，磁共振平扫检查更加明确病变累及椎体及椎间盘信号改变，椎体周围脓肿范围等。结论腰椎慢性布氏杆菌病在影像学表现上有其特征性改变，但该病常常需要与脊柱结核鉴别，根据影像学表现，结合实验室检查及临床病史，即可做出正确诊断。

BACKGROUND:On the basis of modern design method and numerical simulation, studies can explore the action mechanisms of sand therapy in Uyghur medicine. <br> OBJECTIVE:To explore a kind of non-homogeneous and isotropic biological bone finite element modeling method based on CT value, and to study the influence of sand therapy in Uyghur medicine on the mechanical properties of rabbits’ femur. <br> METHODS:Eight adult New Zealand white rabbits were used to establish osteoarthritis models of right posterior femur with papain. These rabbits were divided into sand therapy group and control group. In the sand therapy group, after treatment with sand therapy in Uyghur medicine, rabbit femoral models were scanned with CT. The fault image data were imported into MIMICS software. 3D model of femur was generated. The meshing was done. The material properties were given. Three-point bending in the Ansys was simulated and solved.Simultaneously, the isolated three point bending tests were performed in al rabbit models. The corresponding deflection and the maximum stress values were obtained. Finaly, the results obtained from the three-dimensional finite element modeling method were compared with the results obtained from the experiments. <br> RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1) The deflection and the maximum stress obtained by the three-point bending simulation analysis with the three-dimensional finite element model of the rabbits’ femur were wel correlated with the data obtained from the experiments. (2) These results indicate that the finite element modeling method is consistent with the structural and material properties of bone, which can be used to analyze the stress and deformation ofbones.

The present paper is aimed to study the effect of sand-therapy with Uyghur medicine on biomechanical properties and femoral bone volume of the femur of osteoarthritis (OA) rabbits at two different ages. In the experiments, we injected Papain through the joint space of right knees into the bodies of New Zealand rabbits (16 in the growing group, and 16 in the mature group), and established an OA model. The 16 rabbits in the mature group were divided randomly into 2 sub-groups: 8 in control group (no sand therapy), and 8 sand-therapy group. The 16 rabbits in the growing group were divided randomly into 2 groups as well: 8 in the control group (no sand therapy), and 8 in the sand-therapy group. We carried out CT scanning four times (1 day before, 13th, 27th and 41st days after the establishment of the model, respectively). After importing the CT data to MIMICS, the different volumes of each sclerotin were recorded and change of the percentage of each sclerotins in total femur bone volume were analyzed. Finally the rabbit femurs were given three-point bending test, the elastic load and the elastic deflection were obtained and the inertia of the section, the maximum bending stresses, the bending modulus of elasticity and the structural rigidity were calculated. The experimental results showed that (1) Compared with 1 day before and 13th day after establishment of model at maturity, the cancellous bone volume increased and cortical bone volume decreased (P < 0.05), but compared with those in the control group, the cancellous bone volume of femurs decrease and cortical bone volume increased under sand-therapy (P < 0.05). Compared with those in the control group, there were no significant changes in the deflection and cross-sectional moment of inertia in the sand-therapy group (P > 0.05), but the maximum bending normal stress, maximum load, elastic modulus, and structural stiffness (P < 0.05) in the sand therapy group were larger than those in the control group. The study showed that sand-therapy in Uyghur medicine has benign effect on bone volume of the OA rabbit femur in two ages and the mechanical properties of the OA rabbit femur at the two ages induced by sand-therapy in Uyghur medicine have been improved.

　　目的研究MRI诊断前交叉韧带(ACL)损伤的临床意义。方法对经关节镜确诊且均行MRI检查的207例临床怀疑ACL损伤患者进行回顾性分析。结果207例急性膝关节外伤患者中，以膝关节镜为依据，MRI诊断结果：ACL损伤173例,其中部分性撕裂115例，符合率为93.9％；完全性撕裂58例，符合率为100％；ACL完好的34例，符合率为100％。结论 MRI是诊断ACL损伤的重要手段。MRI作为一种无创性检查方法，在前交叉韧带损伤的准确诊断上具有很高的价值，为临床制订治疗方案提供可靠依据。

　　文章通过对新疆医科大学高职学院乡村医师班学生医学影像学教学活动过程中教学实践进行分析，结合教学过程中的心得体会，探讨高职学院乡村医师班医学影像学的教学方法，加深学生对医学影像学的理解及领悟，以提高教学质量。

[目的]探讨采用微创手术、常规开放手术和脊柱融合术三种不同方法治疗腰椎间盘突出症的临床疗效.[方法]回顾性分析2007年11月～ 2009年5月临床诊断并行手术治疗腰椎间盘突出症共144例,其中男性81例,女性63例；平均年龄47岁(22 ～ 53岁),病程平均7.3个月(5周～11年).病例均为单节段:L3、4椎间盘9例,L4、5椎间盘69例,L5S1椎间盘66例.治疗分为三组,A组微创手术组:使用椎间盘镜(MED)腰椎间盘髓核摘除术41例；B组常规开放手术组(椎板开窗+腰椎间盘髓核摘除术)56例；C组为脊柱融合术组(腰椎间盘髓核摘除术+椎弓根螺钉固定植骨融合术)47例.三组患者年龄、性别、病程、术前疼痛视觉模拟评分(visual analog scale,VAS)和功能障碍评分(oswestry disability index,ODI)差异无统计学意义,术后比较疼痛视觉模拟评分及功能障碍评分变化和患者对治疗主观满意度,按改良MacNab功能评价标准评价疗效.[结果]全部病例均成功完成手术,无神经损伤、大出血、死亡病例.术后病例随防18 ～49个月,平均26.5个月.三组病例术后VAS和ODI评分进行对照:三种治疗方法术后VAS评分依次降低为(5.6±1.7),(5.7±1.5),(5.5±1.6)；(F＝0.2,P＝0.817 1)；A组、B组与C组之间两两比较无统计学差异(P＞0.05).术后ODI评分依次降低为(25.3±2.9),(23.9±3.1),(24.9±3.2)；(F=2.73,P =0.068 9);A组、B组与C组之间两两比较无统计学差异(P＞0.05).患者满意度:A组92.7％,B组89.3％,C组87.2％.[结论]三种手术治疗方法对于腰椎间盘突出症均为有效治疗,均能较好的减轻患者疼痛症状及改善患者功能,其中脊柱融合术手术创伤最大,治疗过程比较复杂,应该严格掌握手术适应证.而微创手术或常规开放手术因为疗效确切,手术创伤相对较小,应作为主要手术治疗方法.

Objective To evaluate the multiple-detector spiral CT imaging of adrenal pheochromocytoma and improve CT diagnostic accuracy.Methods Pathologically confirmed by surgery and a complete medical history data of 20 cases of adrenal pheochromocytoma in CT performance characteristics were retrospectively analyzed.Results Of the 20 cases of adrenal pheochromocytoma,1 case was bilateral,the rest were single,there were a total of 21 lesions.Single lesion were in 19 cases,10 in right,9 in left.The diameter of was 2.0~11.8 cm,the average was 7.1 cm,diameter ≤3.5 cm in 6 cases,3.5~5.0 cm in diameter in 7 cases,diameter ≥5.0 cm in 8 cases.Adrenal pheochromocytoma scan showed homogeneous low density,mixed density or mass in the center of three cases of lesions with calcification,granular or the edge of the limitations of the ring calcification.Solid part of all cases in the arterial and venous phase was significantly enhanced,CT scan increase 40~80 HU than plain scan.Conclusion The adrenal gland is significantly larger mass with heterogeneous enhancement,combined with clinical data,can suggest the diagnosis of pheochromocytoma.