OBJECTIVES:To assess the diagnostic performance of ultrasound attenuation analysis (USAT) in evaluating hepatic steatosis in patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), with magnetic resonance imaging proton density fat fraction (MRI-PDFF) as the reference. METHODS:Participants were recruited. Each participant underwent both USAT and MRI-PDFF examinations on the same day. We employed MRI-PDFF thresholds to classify the stages of hepatic steatosis. Univariable and multivariable linear regression analyses were conducted to identify significant factors influencing USAT. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was utilized to evaluate the diagnostic performance of USAT in predicting the grade of liver steatosis and compared with visual hepatic steatosis grade (VHSG) and clinical prediction models. RESULTS:A total of 145 patients took part in this study. The correlation coefficient between USAT and MRI-PDFF was 0.805 (p < .050). USAT varied significantly across different hepatic steatosis grade. Triglyceride (TG) and steatosis grade were significant determinant factors for USAT. The areas under the ROC curve of USAT for predicting steatosis ≥ S1, ≥ S2, and =S3 were 0.90 (cut-off value of 0.61 dB/cm/MHz), 0.92 (cut-off value of 0.71 dB/cm/MHz), and 0.92 (cut-off value of 0.82 dB/cm/MHz), respectively. The diagnostic performance of USAT was statistically better than that of VHSG, Hepatic steatosis index (HSI), and Framingham steatosis index (FSI). CONCLUSION:USAT is a promising quantitative tool for the quantitative assessment of hepatic steatosis in patients with MASLD, demonstrating a stronger correlation with MRI-PDFF.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic performance of shear wave elastography (SWE), shear wave dispersion (SWD), and attenuation imaging (ATI) in assessment of hepatic parenchyma in patients with liver tumors before resection. Patients with liver tumors were prospectively enrolled in this study. All participants underwent SWE, SWD, and ATI examinations. Fibrosis stage, necroinflammatory activity and hepatic steatosis grade were determined histopathologically. We evaluated the stability of ATI, SWE and SWD examinations. Multivariable linear regression analyses were conducted to determine the determinant factors for SWE, SWD, attenuation coefficient (AC) values. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to evaluate diagnostic performance of multiparametric US (ultrasond). A total of 280 participants were enrolled in this study. TG (triglyceride) and steatosis for AC value were significant determinant factors. PLT (platelet), PT (prothrombin time), GGT (glutamyl transpeptidase), and fibrosis stage for SWE value were significant determinant factors. PLT, fibrosis stage and inflammation activity for SWD value were significant determinant factors. AC value was correlated with hepatic steatosis. Both SWE and SWD values were correlated with fibrosis stage, inflammation activity, respectively. The area under the ROC (AUROC) curve of ATI for predicting hepatic steatosis grade were 0.910(≥ S1), 0.927(≥ S2), 0.962(= S3), respectively. The AUROC curve of SWE for predicting fibrosis stage were 0.923(≥ S1), 0.934(≥ S2), 0.930(≥ S3), 0.895(= S4), respectively. The AUROC curve of SWD for predicting fibrosis stage were 0.858(≥ S1), 0.886(≥ S2), 0.866(≥ S1) (≥ S3), 0.825(= S4). The AUROC curve of SWE for predicting inflammation activity were 0.846(≥ G1), 0.724(≥ G2), 0.787 (≥ G3), respectively. The AUROC curve of SWD for predicting inflammation activity were 0.777(≥ G1), 0.727(≥ G2), 0.803 (≥ G3), respectively. For patients with liver tumors, ATI technology showed excellent feasibility and diagnostic performance for detecting and grading hepatic steatosis, SWE was more accurate in detecting fibrosis stage than SWD, SWD was not superior to SWE in detecting inflammation activity.

To explore the factors that influence the contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System (LI-RADS) classification of combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma (cHCC-ICC). Between September 2014 to July 2020, the CEUS features of 58 patients with pathologically confirmed cHCC-ICC were retrospectively evaluated and assigned according to the CEUS LI-RADS (version 2017). The pathological characteristics of nodules categorizing as different CEUS LI-RADS categories were compared. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted to explore potential factors that may influence the CEUS LI-RADS classification of cHCC-ICC. According to CEUS LI-RADS, 32.8

Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare the diagnostic performance of attenuation imaging (ATI), shear wave elastography (SWE), and shear wave dispersion (SWD) for detecting and grading hepatic steatosis in patients with metabolic dysfunction associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). Methods: Sixty-six patients with MASLD confirmed histopathologically and 34 healthy volunteers who were age/sex-matched were prospectively enrolled in this study. ATI, SWE, and SWD examinations were performed. Fibrosis stage, necroinflammatory activity, and steatosis grade were confirmed histopathologically. Steatosis was graded as follows: S0 (<5%); S1 (5%-32%); S2 (33%-66%) to S3 (>66%). We compared the diagnostic performance of ATI, SWE, and SWD for detecting and grading hepatic steatosis. Results: Both attenuation coefficient (AC) and SWD values were significantly different among the different hepatic steatosis, and both were correlated with hepatic steatosis. ATI had better diagnostic performance than SWD for detecting and grading hepatic steatosis. The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of ATI for detecting >= S1, >= S2, and =S3 were 0.917 (cut-off value of 0.69 dB/cm/MHz), 0.933 (cut-off value of 0.74 dB/cm/MHz), and 0.870 (cut-off value of 0.82 dB/cm/MHz), respectively. The area under the ROC curve of SWD value was 0.758 (cut-off value of 10.79 m/s/kHz), 0.685 (cut-off value of 12.64 m/s/kHz), and 0.722 (cut-off value of 13.24 m/s/kHz), respectively. Conclusions: ATI technology is a reliable method for detecting and grading hepatic steatosis in patients with MASLD than SWE and SWD.

目的:以病理组织学检查为金标准,探讨超声声衰减成像(attenuation imaging,ATI)技术无创评估肝脂肪变性严重程度的诊断效能.方法:收集2020年9月—2022年6月于复旦大学附属中山医院就诊并进行肝脏活组织病理学检查或者肝脏良性肿瘤手术的肝脂肪变性患者97例,其中男性56例,女性41例.分析脂肪变性不同病理学等级患者ATI测值的稳定性及差异.采用多元线性回归分析ATI测值的影响因素.采用受试者工作特征(receiver operating characteristic,ROC)曲线评估ATI对肝脂肪变性的诊断效能.结果:分析发现脂肪变性不同病理学等级患者ATI测值组内相关系数(intra-class correlation coefficient,ICC)均大于0.90.不同组间ATI测值差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),但S2组与S3组ATI测值差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).Pearson相关分析显示ATI测值和病理肝脂肪变性程度呈显著正相关(r=0.75,P＜0.01),多元回归分析发现肝脂肪变性病理学程度是ATI测值的独立影响因素(b=0.13,t=9.12,P＜0.001).以病理组织学检查结果为金标准,ATI测值诊断肝脂肪变性程度≥S1、≥S2和≥S3的曲线下面积(area under curve,AUC)分别为0.966(95%CI 0.895～0.987)、0.931(95%CI 0.876～0.978)和0.708(95%CI 0.655～0.818).结论:肝脂肪变性程度是ATI测值的独立影响因素.ATI技术在不同程度的肝脂肪变性的评估中均表现出良好的诊断效能,特别是对较低水平的肝脂肪变性.

OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the contrast enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) and contrast enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (CEMRI) features of intrahepatic splenosis (IHS).METHODS & MATERIALS:Five patients (three males and two females, median age, 44 years; range,32-73 years) with seven IHSs were retrieved from the database of our hospital from March 2012 to October 2021. All IHSs were confirmed histologically by surgery. The CEUS and CEMRI characteristics of individual lesion were fully analyzed.RESULTS:All IHS patients were asymptomatic and four out of five patients had history of splenectomy. On CEUS, all IHSs were hyperenhancement in arterial phase. 71.4% (5/7) of IHSs manifested overall filling within few seconds, the other two lesions showed centripetal filling. Subcapsular vascular hyperenhancement and feeding artery was seen in 28.6% (2/7) and 42.9% (3/7) of IHSs, respectively. During portal venous phase, IHSs presented hyperenhancement (2/7) or isoenhancement (5/7). Moreover, rim-like hypoenhanced area was uniquely observed surrounding 85.7% (6/7) of IHSs. In late phase, seven IHSs remained continuous hyper- or isoenhancement. On CEMRI, five IHSs showed mosaic hyperintense in early arterial phase, the other two lesions showed homogeneous hyperintense. In portal venous phase, all IHSs revealed continuous hyper- (71.4%, 5/7) or iso-intense (28.6%, 2/7). During late phase, one IHS (14.3%, 1/7) became hypointense, the other lesions remained hyper- or isointense.CONCLUSION:Diagnosis of IHS can be based on typical CEUS and CEMRI features in patients with history of splenectomy.

BACKGROUND:There is considerable heterogeneity in clinical behavior and survival outcomes in patients with cholangiocarcinoma (CCA), and the prognosis of CCA patients is poor. We proposed lymphocyte to monocyte ratio (LMR) as a novel prognostic element for CCA patients with hepatic resection in present study. METHODS:By retrospectively analyzing the clinical data of 145 CCA patients with hepatic resection, we determined the optimal LMR cutoff value according to the receiver operating characteristic (ROC). We comparatively analyzed the clinical features of CAA patients between low LMR group and high LMR group, mainly including overall survival (OS) analysis by using the Kaplan-Meier method, univariate and multivariate Cox regression. RESULTS:We found there was a longer OS in CCA patients of the high LMR group than the low LMR group. The total median OS of cholangiocarcinoma patients were 13.6 months, and the OS of low LMR group was markedly lower than the high LMR group. The 1-year, 3-year, and 5-year OS of high LMR group were respectively 62.9%, 32.4%, and 16.4%, and were significantly higher the cholangiocarcinoma patients of low LMR group (40.2%, 16.4%, and 0%). Multivariate regression analyses showed that preoperative cholangitis, elevated CEA level and nerve invasion were risk factors for the OS of cholangiocarcinoma patients, while the high LMR level and postoperative treatment were protective factors for the OS of cholangiocarcinoma patients. CONCLUSIONS:Preoperative LMR was a vital prognostic factor to predict the prognosis of CCA patients with hepatic resection and provided additional prognostic value beyond standard clinicopathological parameters.

OBJECTIVE:This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic performance of two-dimensional shear wave elastography (2D-SWE) with a propagation map in evaluating the degree of hepatic fibrosis in patients with liver tumors before resection.METHODS AND MATERIALS:From January 2020 to April 2021, 128 patients with liver tumors were prospectively enrolled, including 20 benign liver tumors and 108 malignant liver tumors. 2D-SWE with a propagation map technology was used to measure the stiffness of liver parenchyma 2 cm away from the tumor. The median value of five measurements was used in this study. The stage of hepatic fibrosis was graded in accordance with Scheuer standard. Spearman correlation was used to analyze the correlation between liver fibrosis stage and the liver stiffness. Univariate and multivariate linear regression analyses were used to determine significant affecting factors for liver stiffness value. The diagnostic performance of 2D-SWE with a propagation map in predicting fibrosis stage was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic curve analysis.RESULTS:The median liver stiffness value in patients with benign liver tumors was lower than that in patients with malignant liver tumors (6.0 kPa vs. 9.4 kPa, p < 0.05). The median liver stiffness values in patients with primary liver cancer were higher than that in patients with benign liver tumors and other types of malignant liver tumors (9.6 kPa vs. 6.0 kPa, p < 0.05). The liver stiffness measured by 2D-SWE was highly correlated with the fibrosis stage confirmed by postoperative pathology (r = 0.834, p < 0.05). For the liver stiffness value, PLT,TB,ALB and fibrosis stage are significantly associated with liver stiffness. The median liver stiffness values in stages S0-S4 of fibrosis were 6.0, 7.2, 8.0, 9.4, and 12.6 kPa, respectively. The areas under the ROC curve of S≥1, S≥2, S≥3, and S = 4 as predicted by SWE were 0.932, 0.945, 0.945, and 0.916, respectively. According to the Youden index, the optimal critical values for predicting fibrosis S≥1, S≥2, S≥3, and S = 4 were 6.8 (sensitivity of 89.69% and specificity of 93.55%), 7.5 (sensitivity of 87.50 % and specificity of 95.00 %), 8.3 (sensitivity of 87.14 % and specificity of 87.93 %) and 9.8 (sensitivity of 79.55 % and specificity of 86.90 %) kPa.CONCLUSION:2D-SWE with a propagation map could noninvasively and accurately predict the staging of liver fibrosis in patients with liver tumors before resection.

Objective:To retrospectively analyze the contrast-enhanced ultrasound(CEUS) features of primary hepatic lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma (LELC) and investigate the value of CEUS in the diagnosis of hepatic LELC.Methods:The images of CEUS of 12 cases with hepatic LELC were retrospectively analyzed. The perfusion patterns and time of enhancement were observed.Results:During the arterial phase, 11 lesions showed diffuse enhancement, while 1 lesion showed rim-like enhancement. The mean time of begin enhancement, time to peak, time to iso-enhancement and slightly hypo-enhancement were (17.92±5.81)s, (24.50±5.52)s, (29.55±6.25)s, (45.50±25.15)s, respectively. Compared with adjacent liver parenchyma, rapid enhancement was observed in 11 lesions and synchronous enhancement was observed in 1 lesion.As to time of peak enhancement, hyper-enhancement and iso-enhancement were observed in 11 lesions and 1 lesion, respectively. In portal phase, 8 lesions manifested slight hypo-enhancement, 3 lesions with marked hypo-enhancement and 1 lesion with iso-enhancement.And in delayed phase, 10 lesions showed marked hypo-enhancement and 1 lesion with slight hypo-enhancement. Ten lesions showed peripheral hyper-enhancement like a bright ring in the portal and delayed phase.Conclusions:CEUS is valuable for the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of hepatic LELC.

OBJECTIVE:The aim in this study was to determine the efficacy of shear wave dispersion (SWD) technique for the prediction of post hepatectomy liver failure (PHLF) in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma after hepatectomy and develop an SWD based risk prediction model.METHODS & MATERIALS:We prospectively enrolled 205 consecutive patients who were scheduled to undergo hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), pre-operative SWD examination, laboratory data and some other clinicopathological tests were collected. The risk factors of PHLF were identified according to univariate and multivariate analysis, a predictive model was established based on logistic regression analyses.RESULTS:SWD examination was successfully performed in 205 patients. PHLF occurred in 51 patients (24.9%), including 37/11/3 patients with Grade A/B/C, respectively. There was a high correlation between SWD value of liver and liver fibrosis stage (r = 0.873, p < 0.05). Patients with PHLF has a higher median SWD value of liver than patients without PHLF [17.4 vs 14.7 (m/s)/kHz, p < 0.05]. The SWD value of liver, total bilirubin (TB), international normalized ratio of prothrombin time (INR) and splenomegaly were significantly related to PHLF based on the multivariate analysis. A new prediction model (PM) for PHLF was established (PM = -12.918 + 0.183× SWD + 6.668× INR +0.100×TB+1.240×splenomegaly). The optimal cutoff value of SWD for predicting PHLF was 16.7 (m/s)/kHz. The area under the curve (AUC) of the PM for PHLF was 0.833, which was higher than that of SWD, INR, Forns, FIB4, APRI (p < 0.005, respectively).CONCLUSION:SWD is a promising and reliable method for PHLF prediction in patients with HCC who were undergoing hepatectomy. Compared with SWD, Forns, APRI and FIB-4, PM demonstrate better efficacy for preoperative PHLF prediction.

PURPOSE:This prospective study aimed to compare the diagnostic accuracy of shear wave elastography (SWE) with that of shear wave dispersion (SWD) in evaluation of hepatic fibrosis in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma before resection.METHOD:A total of 210 consecutive patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) who were scheduled to undergo hepatectomy were prospectively enrolled, pre-operative SWE and SWD examinations were performed. Fibrosis staging and necroinflammatory activity were determined histopathologically according to the Scheuer standard. Multivariate linear regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with SWE and SWD values. The performance of SWE and SWD were determined by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis.RESULTS:Both SWE and SWD values of liver were highly correlated with liver fibrosis stage and necroinflammatory activity (p < 0.05). Both SWE and SWD values were significantly different among the patients with different stages of liver fibrosis (p < 0.001). ROC analysis revealed that SWE that predicted substantial fibrosis (S ≥ 2), severe fibrosis (S ≥ 3) and cirrhosis (S = 4) were 0.895, 0.877 and 0.854, the SWD that predicted substantial fibrosis (S ≥ 2), severe fibrosis (S ≥ 3) and cirrhosis (S = 4) were 0.857, 0.815 and 0.791. SWE had better diagnostic performance than SWD in predicting severe fibrosis (S ≥ 3) and cirrhosis (S = 4).CONCLUSIONS:Both SWE and SWD are useful, accurate and non-invasive methods for evaluating hepatic fibrosis in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma adapted to hepatectomy, SWE is a more accurate imaging modality than SWD in predicting severe fibrosis (S ≥ 3) and cirrhosis (S = 4).

OBJECTIVES:This study aimed to compare the diagnostic accuracy of shear wave elastography (SWE) with that of shear wave dispersion (SWD) in evaluation of hepatic parenchyma in patients with liver tumors before resection. METHODS:A total of 174 patients with liver tumors were prospectively enrolled. SWE and SWD examinations were performed. Fibrosis stage and necroinflammatory activity were determined histopathologically according to the Scheuer standard. We compared the diagnostic accuracy of SWE and SWD. RESULTS:Both SWE and SWD values of the liver were highly correlated with liver fibrosis stage (P < .05, respectively). Both SWE and SWD values of the liver were moderately correlated with necroinflammatory activity (P < .05, respectively). Both SWE and SWD values of the liver were not correlated with steatosis (P > .05, respectively). Both SWE and SWD values were significantly different among the patients with different stages of liver fibrosis (P < .001, respectively). The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of SWE value was 0.982, 0.977, 0.969, and 0.984 for predicting S ≥ 1, S ≥ 2, S ≥ 3, and S = 4, respectively. The optimal cutoff SWE values were 6.9, 7.9, 8.7, and 10.6 kPa for S ≥ 1, S ≥ 2, S ≥ 3, and S = 4, respectively. The area under the ROC curve of SWD value was 0.967, 0.960, 0.925, and 0.954 for predicting S ≥ 1, S ≥ 2, S ≥ 3, and S = 4, respectively. The optimal cutoff SWD values were 11.2, 12.0, 13.2, and 16.0 m/s/kHz for S ≥ 1, S ≥ 2, S ≥ 3, and S = 4, respectively. CONCLUSIONS:SWE and SWD could be noninvasive and accurate for predicting the stage of liver fibrosis in patients with liver tumors before surgery. SWE was more accurate than SWD in predicting severe fibrosis (S ≥ 3) and cirrhosis (S = 4).

Objective:To analyze the viscosity characteristics of liver tumors and investigate the clinical value of shear wave dispersion (SWD) in the differentiation of benign and malignant liver tumors.Methods:A total of 103 patients with focal liver lesions were prospectively collected in Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University from October 2020 to July 2021, including 80 cases with single lesion and 23 cases with multiple lesions, and only the largest lesion was observed in patients with multiple lesions. SWD values were measured within the tumor and in the liver parenchyma 2 cm away from the tumor, and were compared between benign tumor group and maligant tumor group. The ROC curves of SWD value, SWD ratio and their combination in differentiating benign and malignant liver tumors were plotted respectively, and the optimal diagnostic threshold, the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of different diagnostic methods were analyzed.Results:Among the 103 patients, 35 were benign and 68 were malignant. The SWD value of liver benign tumor group was lower than that of liver malignant tumor group [(16.38±3.58)m·s -1·kHz -1 vs (18.59±3.12)m·s -1·kHz -1], the SWD value of liver parenchyma background in liver benign tumor group was lower than that in liver malignant tumor group [(10.88±3.37)m·s -1·kHz -1 vs (14.31±3.34)m·s -1·kHz -1], and the differences were statistically significant (all P<0.05). The SWD ratio of benign tumor to surrounding liver parenchyma was higher than that of malignant tumor group [1.57(1.25, 2.00) vs 1.27(1.06, 1.57)], and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05). When the SWD value >15.60 m·s -1·kHz -1 was used as the cut-off value, the area under ROC curve (AUC) was 0.72, the sensitivity was 88.2%, the specificity was 51.4%, and the accuracy was 75.7%. The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy and AUC were 58.8%, 74.2%, 63.1%, and 0.68, respectively, when the ratio of SWD value<1.32 was used as the cut-off value. SWD value combined with SWD ratio for the diagnosis of liver malignant tumor, the AUC was 0.88, the sensitivity was 82.3%, the specificity was 83.0%, and accuracy was 81.6%. The diagnostic efficacy of the two in combination for liver malignant tumor was superior to SWD value ( Z=2.678, P=0.007 4) and SWD value ratio ( Z=3.822, P=0.000 1). Conclusions:SWD imaging can reflect the viscosity information of liver tumors and surrounding liver parenchyma, and has potential clinical application value in the differentiation of benign and malignant tumors.

目的:分析研究超声造影(contrast-enhanced ultrasound,CEUS)在肝细胞肝癌(hepatocellular carcinoma,HCC)患者热消融治疗术后评估中的临床应用价值.方法:前瞻性收集2021年5—11月于复旦大学附属中山医院肝肿瘤内科及介入治疗科行热消融治疗的44例HCC患者(射频消融19例,微波消融25例),病灶最大径9～42 mm,平均18.1 mm,术前CEUS准确定位引导病灶热消融,术后1个月行CEUS及钆塞酸二钠(Gd-EOB-DTPA)增强磁共振成像(magnetic resonance imaging,MRI)检查,以Gd-EOB-DTPA增强MRI检查结果为标准,将CEUS评价热消融治疗的结果与标准进行比较,分析两种影像学方法判断肿瘤灭活的诊断符合率.结果:本组HCC热消融术后,CEUS、Gd-EOB-DTPA增强MRI评估热消融后病灶大小的比较差异无统计学意义(P=0.574).经Gd-EOB-DTPA增强MRI提示病灶完全消融40例,不完全消融4例;经CEUS检查提示病灶完全消融41例,不完全消融3例.术后1个月CEUS评估HCC消融后疗效判断的准确度、灵敏度及特异度分别为97.7％、75.0％、100.0％.结论:CEUS对HCC患者热消融治疗后的评价具有较高的准确度、灵敏度和特异度,可以将其作为HCC患者热消融治疗效果评价的手段.

PURPOSE:Individualized follow-up of pulmonary ground-glass nodules (GGNs) remains challenging in clinical practice. Accurate prediction of the growth or long-term stability of persistent GGNs is essential to optimize the follow-up intervals. METHODS:In this retrospective study, 253 patients with 1115 computed tomography (CT) images were recruited. In total, 1115 CT images were randomized into training (70%) and validation sets (30%). We developed models for the growth or long-term stable prediction of GGNs using radiomics and clinical features. We evaluated the prediction accuracy of the models using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, and the areas under the curve (AUCs) were established. The ROC curves of the models were compared using the DeLong method. RESULTS:The growth and stable groups contained 535 and 580 GGNs, respectively. Traditional radiographic features have limited value in the prediction of growth or long-term stability of GGNs. The prediction nomogram model combining radiomics and clinical features (size, location, and age) yielded the best AUC in both the training and validation sets (AUC = 0.843 and 0.824, respectively). The radiomics model outperformed the clinical model in both sets (AUC: 0.836 vs 0.772 and 0.818 vs 0.735, respectively). The radiomics signature and nomogram model achieved similar AUCs (Delong test, training set: P = 0.09; validation set: P = 0.37). CONCLUSIONS:We developed and validated a nomogram model combining radiomics signature, size, age, and location to predict the growth or long-term stability of GGNs. The model achieved good performance and may provide a basis for the improvement of follow-up management of GGNs.

目的 对超声声衰减成像(attenuation imaging,ATI)检查肝脏的方法学进行研究.方法 纳入200例受检者,包括健康体检者100例、脂肪肝患者100例,均行肝脏常规超声检查及ATI检查,分析ATI技术检测肝脏左、右叶的成功率、所需重复测量次数.用组内相关系数(intraclass correlation coefficient,ICC)分析操作者内的可重复性和不同重复测量次数测量结果与10次测量结果均值的一致性;用Bland-Altman检验分析操作者间的可重复性.结果 健康体检者肝左、右叶的检测成功率分别为64％、100％,肝右叶的操作者内ICC为0.948;脂肪肝患者肝左、右叶的检测成功率分别为80％、100％,肝右叶的操作者内ICC为0.996.健康体检者肝右叶重复测量5次的ICC为0.904,与10次测量结果差异无统计学意义;重复测量7次的ICC为0.957,与10次测量结果差异无统计学意义.脂肪肝患者肝右叶重复测量2次的ICC为0.975,与10次测量结果差异无统计学意义;重复测量5次的ICC为0.994,与10次测量结果差异无统计学意义.不同操作者对健康体检者和脂肪肝患者肝脏的测量结果差异均无统计学意义.结论 ATI检测肝脏的成功率高、可重复性较好,其中肝右叶的检查效果更好;对健康体检者宜选择5次为最少测量次数,7次为最优测量次数;对脂肪肝患者宜选择2次为最少测量次数,5次为最优测量次数.

目的:探讨基于超声剪切波弹性成像(shear wave elastography,SWE)及剪切波频散成像(shear wave dispersion,SWD)技术检测健康成人肝脏黏弹性的最优测量方法及医学参考值范围.方法:选择2020年5月至10月复旦大学附属中山医院的健康体检者50例,行肝脏SWE及SWD检测,分析不同肝脏检测部位、不同取样面积及年龄、性别对测值的影响,进一步确定健康人群的肝脏黏弹性的参考值范围.结果:肝右叶S5/S6段切面检测的成功率高于肝左叶最大切面(100％v s 76％),结合肝右叶测值内部一致性和离散程度均优于肝左叶测值,肝右前叶为测量的最佳位置;不同取样面积(直径10 m m及20 mm)的肝脏SWE及SWD测值差异无统计学意义;不同年龄组及不同性别组间肝脏SWE及SWD测值差异无统计学意义.结论:应用剪切波黏弹性技术检测肝脏黏弹性成功率高,稳定性好,肝右前叶为最佳测量部位,不同取样面积、性别及年龄对测值无明显影响.推算肝脏SWE参考值范围为3.93～8.75 kPa;肝脏SWD参考值范围为8.80～14.99 m/(s·M Hz).

Background This study sought to compare the surgical results of patients undergoing a laparoendoscopic single-site myomectomy (LESS-M) and a conventional laparoscopic myomectomy (CLM) at our hospital. Methods The basic data of 233 patients undergoing LESS-M and 233 patients undergoing CLM at the Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University were collected from January 2018 to January 2020, and the results of the operations were compared by evaluating a number of factors, including operation time, intraoperative bleeding, postoperative fever, and postoperative maximum body temperature. Results The operation times of the LESS-M and CLM groups were 83.9±33.4 and 75.2±26.7 min, respectively; the difference between the groups was statistically significant. The surgical blood loss of the LESS-M group was 86.1±76.9 mL, and that of the CLM group was 83.8±79.9 mL (P>0.05). When the diameter of a fibroid was ≥8 cm, a fibroid was located in the posterior wall or the number of fibroids was ≥4, the operation time of the CLM group was shorter than that of the LESS-M group. When the diameter of a fibroid was ≥8 cm, the blood loss of the CLM group was less than that of the LESS-M group. Conclusions LESS-M is safe and feasible. If the diameter of a fibroid is ≥8 cm, the fibroid is located in the posterior wall, or the number of fibroids is ≥4, the utility of single-port surgery should be carefully considered.

Objective:To explore the diagnostic performance of ultrasound attenuation imaging (ATI) in grading the degree of hepatic steatosis in metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD).Methods:The liver gray-scale ultrasound and ATI examinations were performed on 212 subjects who were treated in Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University from August 2020 to March 2021. The attenuation coefficient(AC) values among different degrees of hepatic steatosis were analyzed and the diagnostic performance of ATI was evaluated. Relationships between AC values and clinical characteristics were assessed by Pearson′s correlation analysis.Results:The AC values for normal liver, mild, moderate and severe fatty liver were (0.56±0.05)dB·cm -1·MHz -1, (0.68±0.09)dB·cm -1·MHz -1, (0.82±0.09)dB·cm -1·MHz -1, (0.94±0.09)dB·cm -1·MHz -1, respectively. There were significant differences in AC values among different hepatic steatosis divisions( P<0.008). There was highly significant correlation between AC values and the degree of hepatic steatosis( r=0.860, P<0.01), moderate correlation between AC values and BMI( r=0.425, P<0.01), weak correlation between AC values and HDL-C( r=-0.237, P=0.029), no correlations between AC values and age, TC, TG, LDL-C ( r=0.083, 0.055, 0.133, -0.039, all P>0.05) .The areas under the receiver operating characteristics curve of ATI for mild fatty liver and above, moderate fatty liver and above, severe fatty liver and above were 0.958, 0.962, 0.918; the sensitivity were 90.1%, 95.8%, 94.9%, the specificity were 96.1%, 87.1%, 73.9%, and the cut-off values were 0.666 dB·cm -1·MHz -1, 0.719 dB·cm -1·MHz -1, 0.803 dB·cm -1·MHz -1, respectively. Conclusions:ATI is a reliable and convenient method for evaluating the degree of hepatic steatosis in MAFLD.