目的 了解上海市松江区2012-2014年电焊作业哨点企业工作场所电焊烟尘的暴露水平,分析影响暴露的主要因素,为有效加强电焊作业监管,预防和控制电焊工尘肺病提供科学依据.方法 开展电焊烟尘主动监测,个体采样器呼吸带采样,重量法测定现场空气中电焊烟尘的浓度.开展现场问卷调查,收集可能影响暴露的因素,运用描述统计分析辖区电焊烟尘暴露水平及影响暴露的因素.结果 共获得204份电焊烟尘样品,浓度检测值中位数为2.6(P25为1.3;P75为4.7)mg/m3,算术均数为4.5 mg/m3,超标率为30.9％.3年中,电焊烟尘浓度超标率2013年(38.9％)最高,2014年(17.5％)最低.其中中型企业为40.9％、国外投资企业为33.9％、内资企业为32.6％、金属制品业为46.4％、CO2电弧焊为38.2％.结论松江区电焊作业哨点企业电焊烟尘超标率较高,会引起较大的健康风险,通风效果、作业环境特征、作业特点、作业点特征均对电焊烟尘浓度超标率和接触水平有影响.应开展电焊工尘肺病监测及健康风险评估工作.同时应对超标的企业和作业点开展专项治理行动,并对影响电焊烟尘接触水平的主要因素加以控制.

[目的]分析上海市松江区2001-2010年间农药中毒发生的特点,为加强农药中毒的预防控制和规范管理提供科学依据. [方法]对松江区2001-2010年间发生的667例农药中毒病例采用Excel和SPSS 11.5进行统计处理,分析该区农药中毒的发生规律,研究其季节、年龄、性别等分布特点. [结果]该区十年间共发生农药中毒667例,其中非生产性中毒588例,生产性中毒79例,农药中毒年均发生率为12.57/10万,病死率为2.70％,各年度农药中毒发生率稍有波动.非生产性农药中毒主要集中于20～39岁的女性(占56.63％),生产性农药中毒则主要为40～59岁的男性(占59.49％).非生产性农药中毒未显现出季节性特点;生产性农药中毒则主要集中于7-9月份(第三季度,占生产性农药中毒总数的39.13％). [结论]2001-2010年间松江区农药中毒发生率呈现相对稳定的势态,应加强对农药生产、销售、运输、使用的制度化管理,进一步减少农药中毒的发生.

[Objective]To explore status and characteristics of pneumoconiosis in a district of Shanghai,provide scientific evidences for prevention and control of pneumoconiosis.[Methods]The data of diagnosed cases of pneumoconiosis in a district Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Shanghai during 2006-2010 were analyzed statistically.[Results]56 new diagnosed cases of pneumoconiosis were reported in this district during 2006-2010,and 40 patients were migrant workers,which accounted for 71.43%.There were 27(48.21%) cases of welding pneumoconiosis,which was the main type of pneumoconiosis.The average age of pneumoconiosis onset was(42.57±11.71) years old,and the average exposure working age was(11.48±8.86) years.The peak of prevalence of pneumoconiosis occurred in 2009.The main industries included machinery industry,equipment manufacturing industry and building materials industry.Most of patients were welder.[Conclusion]In order to control the occurrence of pneumoconiosis,the active monitoring for welders in machinery industry and health surveillance for workers should be strengthened in this district.

自2002年5月1日《中华人民共和国职业病防治法》(以下简称《职业病防治法》)实施以来,区相关部门每年都深入15个街道(镇)的外来务工人员密集地段和各种类型的企业进行大规模的宣传活动.为了解外来务工人员对《国职业病防治法》的知晓情况,于2010年1～6月使用自行设计的调查表格对全区89个企业2 219名外来务工人员进行调查,现报告如下.

<正>农药中毒是松江区常见的职业卫生及公共卫生危害之一,为探明近两年松江区急性农药中毒的发生特点和规律,制定合理的防控策略,现对该区2008-2009年发生的急性农药中毒情况进行分析。

[Objective] To analyze and understand characteristics of occupational diseases in Songjiang District of Shanghai and provide further scientific basis for governmental occupational disease control policy developing.[Methods] All confirmed diagnosed cases of occupational disease in Songjiang District of Shanghai were collected from 2000 to 2009.The disease categories,morbidity trend and age distributions were analyzed.[Results] There were 416 patients of occupational disease newly diagnosed in last ten years from 2000 to 2009.Total of 322 cases were males and 94 cases were females.The average age of all patients was 35.81 years old.Of all reported cases,144 cases were diagnosed occupational dermatosis,and with 78 cases were occupational ophthalmopathy,accounted for 34.62% and 18.75% respectively in total cases and ranked as the first and the second place.There were 69 cases were chronic occupational poisoning(16.59 %)and 48 cases were pneumoconiosis(11.54%),shown as the third and fourth,with average ages of 34.47 and 44.52 respectively.The incidence of occupational disease was in an increasing trend before 2006 and turned decreasing after 2006.On the other hand,huge increasing trend was found in pneumoconiosis cases.The median of work age in pneumoconiosis cases was 9.5 years.[Conclusion] Further efforts should be put on the control of occupational dermatosis and occupational ophthalmopathy.The prevention and control of chronic occupational poisoning and pneumoconiosis should also have emphasis on.With an increasing trend and diagnosed in younger age,pneumoconiosis deserved special attention.