[Objective]Three methods were applied to conduct occupational health risk assessment for the working positions exposed to silicon dusts in a sanitary ceramic manufacturing factory,and the evaluation results were compared to explore the applicability of different occupational health risk assessment methods.[Methods]One large sanitary ceramic product manufacturing enterprise in Songjiang District,Shanghai was selected to conduct occupational health risk assessment for the working positions exposed to silicon dusts,using occupational hazard risk index evaluation method,exposure ratio evaluation method,and International Council on Mining and Metals(ICMM)quantitative occupational health risk assessment method.The consistency of the evaluation results of the three methods was tested using weighted Kappa method.[Results]Fourteen working positions exposed to silicon dusts were identified,and three positions had excessive dust concentration:composite forming position of phase 2 workshop(0.80 mg·m-3),addition forming position of phase 2 workshop(1.00 mg·m-3),and glazing position of 1F in phase 2 workshop(1.50 mg·m-3),with an excessive rate of 21.42%.The occupational hazard risk index evaluation method assessed 6 positions with no harm,6 positions with mild harm,and 2 positions with moderate harm.The ICMM quantitative occupational health risk assessment method assessed 6 positions with potential risks,2 positions with tolerable risks,and 6 positions with intolerable risks.The exposure ratio evaluation method assessed 8 positions with medium risk,5 positions with high risk,and 1 position with extremely high risk.The consistency test results of the three evaluation methods were poor.The Kappa coefficient between the occupational hazard risk index evaluation method and the ICMM quantitative occupational health risk assessment method was 0.15.The Kappa coefficient between the occupational hazard risk index evaluation method and the exposure ratio evaluation method was-0.09.The Kappa coefficient between the ICMM quantitative occupational health risk assessment method and the exposure ratio evaluation method was 0.04.The RR values obtained by the three evaluation methods were significantly correlated:the correlation coefficients between RRICMM quantitative assessment method and RRexposure ratio evaluation method,RROccupational hazard risk index evaluation method and RRICMM quantitative assessment method,RROccupational hazard risk index evaluation method and RRexposure ratio evaluation method were 0.915,0.604,and 0.594,respectively.The correlation between the assessment result level and CTWA was strong.[Conclusion]The occupational hazard risk index evaluation method is suitable for the working positions with low silicon dust exposure concentration,the ICMM quantitative occupational health risk assessment method and the exposure ratio evaluation method are suitable for the positions with high silicon dust exposure concentration,but all these three evaluation methods have limitations.It is more reasonable to use multiple methods at the same time in actual evaluation work.

一、学练评价“三多”，促进学生“勤练”1.多角度促进学生“勤练”评价内容要考虑学生所表现出来的“学习兴趣、学习习惯、技能掌握、体能完成、情意发展、身心健康、特长发展”等多个方面。关注学生基本运动技能、体能和专项运动能力的同时，关注学生健康行为及体育品德；关注学生健康基本知识与技能的同时，关注学生...>>详细一、学练评价“三多”，促进学生“勤练”1.多角度促进学生“勤练”评价内容要考虑学生所表现出来的“学习兴趣、学习习惯、技能掌握、体能完成、情意发展、身心健康、特长发展”等多个方面。关注学生基本运动技能、体能和专项运动能力的同时，关注学生健康行为及体育品德；关注学生健康基本知识与技能的同时，关注学生健康意识和行为的养成。如，在足球学练过程中，教师既要对学生足球的运球、传球、射门、防守等专项技能掌握情况实施评价；还要对学生基本练习前或比赛前做准备活动的习惯、学练过程中体能状态表现的态度和意志品质、放松活动中完成情况的点滴进步等体育行为实施多维度评价。

一、推进普通高中体育与健康实施选项教学的背景（一）实施选项教学的历史背景普通高中体育选修教学始于20世纪80年代初的教学改革实验。1982年，开始有学者发表相关文章；1987—1988年，广州市4所高中进行了全面选项教学实验，将增设选修内容发展为实行全面的选项教学；2000年前后，上海、重庆、江苏、广东等地多所高中学校都开展了体育选项教学的实验，为新一轮高中体育与健康课程改革提供了坚实的基础和丰富的经验；

目的 通过调查分析一起由多种致病菌混合感染引起的食源性疾病暴发,为预防此类事件的再次发生提供参考.方法 开展现场流行病学调查、卫生学调查,采集病人和从业人员生物样本、环境和食品样本进行致病菌、血清分型及分子分型检测.结果 本次暴发罹患率为10.00％(7/70),临床表现以腹泻(100.00％)、腹痛(100.00％)、呕吐(42.86％)为主.6份病人肛拭样中,4份同时检出副溶血性弧菌和沙门氏菌(2份伦敦沙门氏菌、2份鼠伤寒沙门氏菌),2份仅检出副溶血性弧菌;1份从业人员肛拭样中检出鼠伤寒沙门氏菌;1份食品原料检出副溶血性弧菌.脉冲场凝胶电泳结果显示:病人的6株副溶血性弧菌呈现两种带型,相似度分别为93.10％和87.50％～100.00％,但是和食品样本检出的副溶血性弧菌带型均不相同;病人的2株鼠伤寒沙门氏菌为同一带型,但与从业人员生物样本检出的鼠伤寒沙门氏菌带型相似度较低,仅为28.00％;病人的2株伦敦沙门氏菌为同一带型.结论 本次食源性疾病暴发是由副溶血性弧菌和两种血清型沙门氏菌共同引起,食品加工过程的交叉污染是此次事件的危险因素.

目的 掌握2016-2019年上海市松江区学龄儿童与孕妇的碘营养状况和变化趋势,为科学制定防治措施提供依据.方法 2016-2019年,采用分层随机抽样法,按上海市松江区地理区域划分,每年抽5个街镇,每街镇随机抽20例孕妇;每街镇随机抽1所学校,从学校随机抽40名8～10岁学生.对孕妇和儿童行盐碘、尿碘和甲状腺容积的检测.结果 共检1273份家庭食盐,合格碘盐食用率为71.64％,碘盐合格率为84.76％.4年间儿童和孕妇尿碘中位数各为208.00和150.10 μg/L,男童高于女童(223.50 vs 161.00μg/L),差异有统计学意义(Z=-3.179,P＜0.01).孕晚期尿碘水平低于孕早、中期,但不同孕期尿碘水平比较,差异无统计学意义(x2=2.741,P＞0.05).330名儿童进行甲状腺容积检测,肿大检出率为0.结论 儿童和孕妇的盐碘覆盖率和合格碘盐食用率均偏低,8～10岁儿童尿碘水平超适宜量,孕妇尿碘水平刚达适宜水平,但孕妇碘营养缺乏占比较大,应继续坚持全民食盐加碘政策,加强重点人群的宣教,合理科学食用碘盐,使儿童和孕妇盐碘量提高至较优水平.

目的 了解某区X射线影像诊断受检者放射防护用品的使用现状,以更好地推广放射防护用品的使用及引导人们正确认知放射诊断.方法 在某区抽取三级医院一家,二级医院两家,一级医院三家,采取现场发放调查问卷的方式对174个受检者进行调查,并对调查数据进行统计学处理.结果 受检人群对放射防护的认知较低,放射防护用品使用率低(29.9％),医院级别、检查类型、检查部位、受检次数与是否使用个人防护用品均有关系,且有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 应加大宣传力度,普及相关科学知识,提高受检者对放射防护用品的使用意识,督促医疗机构为受检者做好个人防护用品.

目的 以实际工作中存在的机房辐射防护问题为借鉴,为医疗卫生机构科学实施放射诊疗防护管理提供依据.方法 通过现场监测,发现CT机房的机房防护门周围剂量当量率出现异常,根据勘查情况提出整改建议,并比较整改前后的周围剂量当量率变化.结果 因年久失修造成机房防护移门结构出现松动现象,周围剂量当量率为4.631～6.750 Sv/h,机房防护门外人员可能受到照射的年有效剂量值可达0.251～0.366 mSv(周有效剂量为4.827～7.036 μSv).维修整改完成后,机房防护门周围剂量当量率为0.237～0.275 μSv/h,机房防护门外人员可能受到照射的年有效剂量值下降为0.013 ～ 0.015 mSv(周有效剂量为0.247～0.287 μSv),符合国家标准限值要求.结论 医疗机构应定期对机房防护门进行安全检查和维修,建立健全放射防护管理工作的长效机制.

目的 分析2016-2018年上海市松江区公共卫生苗子事件流行特征,为防控突发公共卫生事件提供依据.方法 收集2016年1月1日-2018年12月31日松江区疾病预防控制中心接报的公共卫生苗子事件资料,描述性分析公共卫生苗子事件的地区、时间、病例类型和发生单位分布等.结果 2016-2018年松江区累计报告公共卫生苗子事件478起,其中市级响应4起,占0.84％;区级响应474起,占99.16％.接报途径以医疗机构报告为主,288起占60.25％.累计波及2 918人,无死亡病例.公共卫生苗子事件报告地区集中在方松街道、九亭镇、泗泾镇和中山街道;在上半年和下半年各有高峰,上半年以3-6月为主,报告179起,占上半年的85.24％;下半年以9-12月为主,报告197起,占下半年的73.51％.公共卫生苗子事件病例类型以手足口病、疑似风疹、疑似麻疹、水痘、诺如病毒感染性腹泻和百日咳为主,405起占84.73％,波及2 544人,占87.18％.公共卫生苗子事件发生单位以家庭、托幼机构和小学等集体单位为主,403起占84.31％;养老机构报告事件较少,仅1起.结论 2016-2018年松江区公共卫生苗子事件集中分布在中部及东北部的乡镇(街道),在上半年和下半年各有高峰,发生单位以家庭、托幼机构和小学等集体单位为主,接报途径以医疗机构报告为主.

[目的]利用职业卫生大数据,提前发现高危企业和劳动者早期职业健康损害,阻断或延缓职业病发展进程,延缓或使早期职业健康损害的劳动者不至于发展为职业病,实现职业病防治的精准防控.[方法]连续系统的收集上海市松江区职业病危害申报信息、企业职业卫生档案信息、作业场所委托检测信息、重点职业病危害因素主动监测信息、职业病工伤鉴定及理赔信息、劳动者职业健康监护信息和职业病报告信息等职业卫生数据,以噪声危害控制为例探讨职业卫生大数据在职业病精准防控中的应用和前景.[结果]2017—2018年上海市松江区辖区体检机构共开展噪声在岗职业健康体检30265人次,复查率为9.57％、职业禁忌证率为1.91％;2017年噪声转上级复查53例(0.40％),2018年疑似噪声聋5例(0.03％);2017年发现双耳高频平均听阈≥40 dB(A)1421人次(1180人,占整体的10.69％),分布在390家企业;2018年发现双耳高频平均听阈≥40 dB(A)1736人次(1308人,占整体的10.27％),分布在413家企;噪声委托检测合格率与主动监测合格率之间存在巨大差距,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001),并且噪声委托检测数据合格率与噪声职业健康监护结果也存在矛盾.[结论]利用职业卫生大数据分析可以提升职业卫生监管部门监管效率、可使疾控部门职业卫生宣传和干预更加有的放矢、更直观的评估委托检测数据的质量、可以规范职业健康体检和职业病诊断、企业职业病防控和管理决策更加科学精准.

目的 掌握松江区放射工作人员个人剂量水平,评价放射工作人员防护状况,进一步为放射工作人员的职业安全防护提供指导.方法 依据《职业性外照射个人监测规范》(GBZ 128-2016),采用热释光剂量测量系统对从事放射工作的人员进行剂量监测,并对监测结果进行分析评价.结果 2017-2018年松江区共监测620人,人均年剂量当量为0.448 mSv·a-1,两年集体剂量当量为277.514人·mSv,不同职业类别放射工作人员人均年剂量当量在0.259～1.276 mSv a-1,核医学人均年剂量当量高于其他四类(P＜ 0.05),介入放射学高于放射诊断学、牙科诊断学和放射治疗(P＜0.05).结论 松江区放射工作人员个人剂量水平远低于国家规定的限值20mSv·a-1,工作环境是相对安全的,但仍需提高放射工作人员防护意识加强自身防护.

[目的]以职业安全卫生防护"工具包"为研究对象,探讨"工具包"在松江区应用经验,为其他地区开展"工具包"研究提供经验和借鉴意义.[方法]该项目以《工效学检查要点》为基础,并结合我国职业卫生实际情况,组织专家反复论证,形成具有地区特点的工效学检查"工具包".选取松江区重点行业如电子、机械、铸造、化工等典型企业作为试用对象,通过调查、指导、干预、整改、验收,总结,推动企业进行持续性改进"工具包"的利用,以控制和预防职业危害.[结果]2017—2019年对松江区78家企业开展"工具包"项目推广和应用,共提出824个整改项目,整改率均大于80％.同时企业自主开展"工具包"项目100余个;企业共投入资金3800余万元用于工具包项目的开展,企业职业卫生安全卫生状况逐年提高,切实保障劳动者的职业健康权益,改善企业生产效率.[结论]为了加强中小企业职业安全卫生服务,开展职业安全卫生防护"工具包"的适用性研究和推广项目是十分必要.该"工具包"切实可行,具有多方面的价值意义,值得进一步推广和应用.

目的 了解上海市松江区生活中毒发生情况及特征,构建松江区生活中毒谱,为制定生活中毒预防控制对策提供科学依据.方法 对2017年7月1日-2019年6月30日收治的1 351例中毒病例进行分析.结果 1 351例中毒病例中男性占56.2％,女性占43.8％;中毒病例的年龄集中在21～40岁(共568例,占42.0％);中毒好发职业是离退休230例(占17.0％),技术工人212例(占15.7％)、商业或服务业职员205例(占15.2％);三大中毒原因是环境暴露、滥用酒精、自杀;50.4％(681例)的中毒发生在7～ 10月;中毒患者中共有14人经抢救无效死亡,致死率1.0％.结论 松江区应根据中毒谱,在高危时节,针对高危人群加强相关危害毒物的宣传教育,切实保护和促进当地居民的健康.应充分发挥中毒病例监测在掌握当地中毒谱方面的重要作用,提高中毒预防控制措施的针对性和有效性.

[背景]上海市松江区是上海市工业产业集中的郊区之一,辖区内接触职业病危害因素劳动者众多,其中因长期接触生产性粉尘导致的尘肺病是松江区最主要的职业病,尤其以电焊工尘肺为主。因此,如何有效控制辖区电焊作业场所电焊烟尘浓度成为劳动者、企业和职业卫生监管部门关注的重点。[目的]了解上海市松江区哨点企业中劳动者电焊烟尘暴露水平,并分析其影响因素。[方法]2014—2018年,采用三阶段分层抽样方法抽取松江区62家企业共228名焊接作业劳动者为研究对象。采用个体采样仪采样,采用重量法测定工作场所电焊烟尘8 h时间加权平均浓度（TWA）。采用现场调查问卷,收集和分析可能影响暴露的因素。[结果]本研究共获得228份电焊烟尘样品,8 h TWA中位数为1.76 mg/m~3,总超标率为17.54%。5年间电焊烟尘超标率差异有统计学意义（χ2=17.46,P ＜0.01）,呈现逐渐下降趋势（P趋势＜0.01）。专用设备制造业企业电焊烟尘超标率（30.19%）和8 h TWA（2.40 mg/m~3）最高,不同行业间电焊烟尘超标率和8 h TWA差异有统计学意义（χ2=10.66,P ＜0.05;H=15.78,P ＜0.01）。连续作业超标率（23.08%）和8 h TWA（2.10 mg/m~3）高于间歇作业（χ2=4.05,P ＜0.05;Z=-3.17,P ＜0.01）。CO2气体保护焊的超标率（22.09%）高于氩弧焊和焊条电弧焊（χ2=6.19,P ＜0.05;P ＜0.05）;CO2气体保护焊的8 h TWA（1.92 mg/m~3）也高于氩弧焊（Z=-3.84,P ＜0.01）。通风效果较差的作业场所中电焊烟尘超标率（34.29%）和8 h TWA（3.63 mg/m~3）高于通风效果好的作业场所（χ2=8.70,P ＜0.05;H=44.73,P ＜0.01）。[结论]2014—2018年上海市松江区哨点企业电焊烟尘暴露水平和超标率呈现下降趋势。作业场所通风效果、焊接工艺类型和作业特征是影响电焊烟尘暴露水平的主要因素。今后仍要对通风效果差、连续作业和CO2气体保护焊等重点岗位的电焊烟尘暴露进行防控。

目的 探讨慢性髓性白血病慢性期(Chronic myeloid leukemia-Chronic phase,CML-CP)患者治疗中酪氨酸激酶抑制荆(Tyrosine kinase inhibitors,TKI)最佳换药时机选择,为后续临床方案制定提供更多参考.方法 回顾性分析我院2015年1月至2018年12月收治的70例CML-CP患者的临床资料,均给予伊马替尼口服,分别在治疗后12周观察BCR/ABLIs和BCR/ABL拷贝数下降率,观察治疗后12个月时分子学缓解效果差异.结果 治疗12周时,BCR/ABL拷贝数下降率≥90％患者远期分子学缓解率显著高于拷贝数下降率＜90％者(P＜0.05);BCR/ABLIs≤10％者远期分子学缓解率显著高于BCR/ABLIs＞ 10％者(P＜0.05);BCR/ABLIs和BCR/ABL拷贝数下降率不同患者远期分子学缓解率比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 治疗早期BCR/ABLIs和BCR/ABL拷贝数下降率均可用于CML-CP患者远期分子学缓解效果预测,且两者联用可能预测价值更高;其中BCR/ABLIs＞ 10％和BCR/ABL拷贝数下降率＜90％者早期更换下一代TKI有助于改善临床预后.

目的 了解2006-2015年上海市松江区职业病发病情况,为进一步做好职业病防治工作提供依据.方法 对2006年1月1日-2015年12月31日上海市松江区疾病预防控制中心收到的职业病报告卡、尘肺病报告卡和职业病更正报告卡的职业病信息进行回顾性分析.结果 2006-2015上海市松江区报告职业病341例,男性271例,占79.47％;女性70例,占20.53％;其中职业病病种发病前3位的是尘肺病(占24.93％)、慢性职业中毒(占23.17％)和职业性皮肤病(占22.29％);发病以青壮年为主,30～50岁的青壮年劳动人群占64.81％.病例主要集中在小型内资企业;通用设备制造业、金属制品业及电气机械和器材制造业等行业是主要发病行业.2006-2015年上海市松江区职业病例发病总体呈下降趋势.结论 2006-2015年上海市松江区高风险职业病为尘肺病、慢性职业中毒和职业性皮肤病.松江区应继续做好监测和监督,加大工作场所职业卫生管理和个人防护力度,保护劳动者身体健康.

[目的]了解上海市松江区高温中暑的发病情况,为高温中暑防控措施的制定提供数据.[方法]通过天气预报网及“中国疾病预防控制信息系统”收集2011-2017年各年份6-9月的气温资料及高温中暑病例信息,并对病例进行流行病学调查,分析日最高气温和日均病例数之间的关系.[结果]高温日累计163 d,主要在7月份(58.28％)和8月份(38.04％),高温热浪共127 d,占总高温日的77.91％.中暑病例共256例,年均发病率为2.15/10万,以重症中暑为主,占73.05％.每日10:00～11:00和15:00～17:00为中暑的高发时段;中暑病例中男性占79.69％,职业分布主要为建筑工人(占33.59％)、非建筑工人(占26.17％)和退休老人(占23.83％).日最高气温在31℃～40℃时,日均中暑病例数随气温升高呈指数级增加,最高气温每升高1℃,日均中暑病例数增加1.84倍;日最高气温为35.0℃～36.9℃时,相比较于普通高温日,高温热浪天气更易发生中暑,RR=1.93,95％CI为(1.05,3.52).[结论]松江区高温中暑多发于高温天集中的7月和8月,以男性为主,建筑工人、非建筑工人和退休老人是高危人群,应加强高温热浪期中暑的防控.

[Objective]To understand the pesticide poisoning in Songjiang District of Shanghai City from 2007-2016, and provide scientific basis for formulating the strategy of preventing and controlling pesticide poisoning. [Methods] The report cards of pesticide poisoning in Songjiang District from 2006-2017 were collected from China disease prevention and control information reporting system, and analyzed statistically by Excel software. [Results] A total of 660 cases of pesticide poisoning were reported in Songjiang District from 2006-2017, among which 53 were productive pesticide poisoning, 607 were non-productive pesticide poisoning. There were 21 death cases with the mortality rate of 3.18％. There were 293 male patients and 367 female patients.The patients with productive poisoning aged 35-64 years, while the patients with nonproductive poisoning aged 25-34 years. The total number of pesticide poisoning cases in Chedun town, Yexie town and Sheshan town ranked the top 3. Productive and nonproductive pesticide poisoning occurred mostly in the third quarter. Organophosphorus pesticide poisoning is the main type of pesticide poisoning. [Conclusion] Supervision and management of pesticides should be strengthened with safe use of pesticide poisoning being publicized and trained as well. Besides, psychological intervention should be carried out to raise farmers' safety awareness and prevent the occurrence of pesticide poisoning.

Objective:To investigate the clinical effect of second-generation tyrosine kinase inhibitors in the treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia ( CML) . Methods:A total of 64 patients with CML treated between January 2013 and December 2016 were selected as study subjects and treated with second-generation tyrosinekinase inhibitor ( TKI) . Among them,there were 41 cases treated with Nilotinib and 23 cases with Dasatinib. In patients treated by TKI,there were 13 cases receiving first-line medication and 51 cases receiving second-line medication. All were followed up for 6 ~ 54 months,median 18 months. The overall complete hematologic remission ( CHR) rate,CCyR rate,rate of major cytogenetic response ( MCyR),MMR rate,follow-up over-all survival rate ( OS) and event free survival rate ( EFS) were observed;Meanwhile,the responses of first-line and second-line treatment and adverse drug reactions were compared. Results:At the end of follow-up,43 cases continued second-generation TKI treatment, 14 cases died, 2 cases stopped medication, 2 cases were lost to follow up and 3 cases changed the medication regimen;In terms of overall responses to treatment,the rates of CHR, MCyR, CCyR and MMR were 98. 44%, 64. 00%, 59. 37% and 43. 75% respectively; In terms of overall survival status,OS and EFS decreased with duration of the disease. The rates of CCyR,MCyR and MMR of first-line treatment were significantly higher than the second-line treatment ( P < 0.05);There were no significant differences in the incidence of adverse drug reactions between Nilotinib and Dasatinib ( P >0.05) . Conclusion:The effect of Nilotinib and Dasatinib second-generation TKI in the treatment of CML is clear. The prognosis is good and safety is better; The effect of second generation TKI first-line treatment is better than second-line treatment in treating CML.

Chronic myelogenous leukaemia (CML) induced by malignant clone of hematopoietic stem cell is usually treated with imatinib mesylate. The treatment with imatinib has two main problems, first it cannot thoroughly eliminate leukaemia stem cells and second it develops primary or secondary drug resistance. This study investigated whether the gene deletion of argininosuccinate synthetase (ASS) was the reason for the drug resistance to CML and analysed their relationship as well as the clinical effect of imatinib in treating CML. Bone marrow samples of CML patients were collected. Sample analysis was performed using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) of bone marrow cell. Fifteen out of one hundred patients with CML were found to be lacking ASS gene, among which 11 patients received imatinib treatment. 10 of these patients were in chronic phase and survived and one patient was in acceleration phase and survived. 40% (4 patients) from those in CP registered disease progress and 1 patient from those in AP had progress. Among the 62 patients without the deletion of ASS who received imatinib treatment, the disease condition of only 12.9% (8 patients) showed progress, suggesting that the deletion of ASS gene could produce drug resistance in the treatment of chronic myelogenous leukaemia. It can be concluded that, the deletion of ASS gene can affect the curative effect of imatinib in treating CML and can promote the progress of the disease. Therefore, it can be used for evaluating the prognosis of patients.

Objective To explore decitabine combined with small dose of homoharringtonine plus cytarabine and recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (HAG) in patients with acute myeloid leukemia to provide new ideas and new directions for clinical treatment of acute myeloid leukemia.Methods Sixty-eight patients with acute myeloid leukemia treated at Wuxi Municipal People's Hospital were selected from January 2016 to October 2016.Using a random number table,patients were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group with 34 patients in each group.The observation group was treated with decitabine combined with small dose of HAG and the control group received cytarabine plus aclamycin and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (CAG).Treatment efficacy,and levels of CD4 +,CD8 + and CD4 +/CD8 + as well as adverse reactions were compared between the two groups.Results The overall efficacy rate was 91.2％ which was higher than 67.6％ of the control group (P ＜ 0.05).There was no significant difference in the levels of CD4 +,CD8 + and CD4 +/CD8 + between the two groups before the treatment (P ＞ 0.05).After the treatment,levels of CD4 + and CD4 +/CD8 + were significantly higher in the observation group than in the control group and CD8 + was significantly lower in the observation group than in the control group (P ＜ 0.05).Adverse reactions included gastrointestinal reactions,dysfunction of liver,respiratory infection and fever,which relieved after management of antiemesis,and liver conserving,stomach conserving therapy,albumin infusion and support treatment.There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion The capecitabine combined with low-dose HAG is effective and safe in patients with acute myeloid leukemia and is worthy of clinical promotion.