Fleagrass [Adenosma bracteosum Bonati], a plant widely used for its aromatic and medicinal properties in tropical Southeast Asia, has suffered a significant decline in production due to the recurrent abnormal weather conditions in recent years. The critical stages determining plant biomass are seed germination and seedling formation, however the synergistic effects of temperature and precipitation-the two most significant climatic factors-on the seed germination and seedling formation of tropical plants remain unclear. This study applied 21 pairs of temperature and polyethylene glycol (PEG) concentration combinations to investigate the response of fleagrass seeds and seedlings to abnormal temperature and drought from three aspects: seed germination, mildewing of ungerminated seeds, and seedling formation. The results showed that: (1) The optimal seed germination and seedling formation conditions for fleagrass were no drought and 10% PEG at 30 degrees C, 5 % PEG at 25 degrees C that both germination percentage and seedling percentage exceeded 97 %. (2) In general, the germination percentage and the seedling percentage decreased with the increase of temperature and PEG concentration, but contrary to the moldiness percentage of ungerminated seeds. The effect of drought was greater than that of temperature, with the semilethal concentration of PEG for seed germination being 25.53 %, and 20.85 % for seedling formation. (3) There was an interaction effect between temperature and PEG concentration. Treatment with PEG concentrations below 20 % at 25 degrees C and below 10 % at 35 degrees C significantly improved the percentage of seed germination by 3-22 % and seedling formation by 3-20 % than controls. High temperatures intensified the negative effect of drought, whereas optimal temperatures alleviated the effect. These results expanded our comprehension of the responses to temperature and drought stress on tropical plant seeds. In addition, this study finally provided three useful recommendations for seed sowing and formulating adaptive irrigation strategies of fleagrass in abnormal weather conditions, which also had important theoretical and practical significance for other crops in the tropics.

The chemical composition of essential oils of Adenosma bracteosum Bonati plants collected in Xishuangbanna, China has been reported. The essential oil was obtained by hydro-distillation from fresh aerial parts. Up to 27 compounds were identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. gamma-terpinene (34.9 %), carvacrol (14.0 %), carvacrol methyl ether (12.5 %), and p-cymene (10.0 %) were found to be the major compounds. The phytotoxic potential of this oil, and its four main ingredients, on B. pilosa was verified with pure compounds. The half maximal inhibitory concentration values were 49.2, 107.0, 105.6, 154.0, and 273.2 mu l/L for oil, gamma-terpinene, carvacrol, carvacrol methyl ther, and p-cymene, respectively. The result reveled that the oil and its 4 main ingredients were toxic to B. pilosa. The most phytotoxic components of the essential oils are carvacrol and gamma-terpinene, though less effective than the oil as a whole. The essential oils showed phytotoxic activity against the seed germination and seedling growth of B. pilosa by causing damage to photosystem II, affecting antioxidant enzymes activity, and disturbing membrane integrity.

Adenosma buchneroides Bonati, belonging to the genus Adenosum (Plantaginaceae), is an aromatic medicinal plant and utilized in traditional Chinese medicine. It has been widely used as plant-based repellents to prevent vector-borne diseases. However, the lack of a reference genome limits the study of conservation management and molecular biology of A. buchneroides . Here, we generated a chromosome-level de novo genome assembly of A. buchneroides which is a high-quality chromosome-scale assembly of aromatic medicinal plant in Plantaginaceae. The genome has a total length of 442.84 Mb with scaffold N50 of 27.98 Mb and 95.55% of the genome assigned to 14 chromosomes. BUSCO assessment yielded a completeness score of 97.2%. Furthermore, we predicted 24,367 protein-coding genes, and 95.79% of them was functionally annotated. The chromosome-scale genome of A. buchneroides will be a significant resource for understanding the genetic basis and evolution of active components biosynthesis, which will facilitate further study and exploit of A. buchneroides .

Urbanization, driven by rapid economic growth, has resulted in dramatic land use/cover change (LUCC), posing substantial risks to urban ecological security. While constructing ecological networks is a productive strategy for achieving a balance between ecological protection and urbanization, the limited research conducted on the impacts of LUCC on the spatial patterns of ecological networks during urbanization poses a hindrance to the scientific construction of ecological networks. Therefore, this study focuses on Jinan City, an important city situated in the downstream region of the Yellow River Basin, China. The study utilized simulation approaches, including MSPA, MCR, InVEST model and gravity model, to investigate and analyze the ecological networks of Jinan City from 2000 to 2020. A set of patterns capturing the changes in ecological network elements was proposed to explore the evolutionary characteristics of the spatial pattern of ecological networks. Finally, Geodetector was utilized to investigate the impact mechanism of LUCC on the spatial pattern of ecological networks. The study findings indicate that: (1) During the last two decades, the urban development in Jinan City has witnessed an expansion of approximately 588.83 km2, and the proportion of ecological land has also increased, but the overall structure and spatial distribution of construction and ecological land are not balanced. (2) Despite the expansion of ecological areas, the escalation of ecological resistance has resulted in significant degradation of the functional capacity of ecological corridors, with a decrease of 8.37 % in the number of primary corridors. The reduced spatial connectivity of the ecological networks has impeded the efficient cycling of ecological processes between ecosystems. (3) The complex interactions and cumulative effects of LUCC during urbanization led to the evolution of the spatial pattern of ecological networks. The transformation of cropland and construction into ecological land has improved the composition elements of the ecological network, while the encroachment on ecological land and disorderly changes in internal types are the principal factors causing the degradation of ecological network composition elements. (4) The spatial pattern of ecological networks in Jinan City is influenced by the coupling of urban expansion and ecological protection policies. However, there is a need for the government to strengthen policy coordination and optimize spatial layout to better manage and conserve ecological networks. This study holds the potential to offer valuable scientific insights and references for guiding spatial planning, ecological protection, and the formulation of sustainable development policies throughout the urbanization process.

This study aimed to assess the phytotoxic potential of fleagrass (Adenosma buchneroides) on weeds and crops. We assessed the effects of applying aqueous extracts of fleagrass on the seed germination and seedling growth of three weeds (Bidens pilosa, Paspalum thunbergia, and Bromus japonicus) and two crops (Oryza sativa and Zea mays). The influence of six doses of fleagrass aqueous extract on seed germination and seedling growth was assessed through a Petri dish experiment. The aqueous extract of fleagrass was qualitatively characterized using widely targeted metabolomics analysis and found to mainly comprise flavonoids, phenolic acids, alkaloids, polysaccharides, phenylpropanoids, terpenoids, phenolamides, and quinones. The mean IC50 for crop seed germination was 168,796, and the mean IC50 for weed seed germination was 11,454. The inhibition effect on the tested species, from highest to lowest, followed the order of B. japonicus > B. Pilosa > P. thunbergii > O. sativa > Z. mays. These results indicate the remarkable species-specific sensitivity of seed germination and seedling growth to fleagrass extract treatment, and that crops are more tolerant than weeds. Elucidation of the details of the fleagrass–weed/crop interaction can serve as a basis for intercropping fleagrass with crops in weed management strategies aimed at controlling weeds.

Ethnopharmacological relevance: The strongly scented genus Adenosma R. Brown (Plantaginaceae) comprises between 26 and 29 species with mainly southeast Asian distributions. Several species are used traditionally, mostly in Asian countries, for medicinal purposes including the treatment of colds and tumors, as well as stomach, liver, and skin disorders. Some species are also used as insecticides and/or insect repellents against mosquitoes or fleas. Aim of the review: Although the potential health benefits of Adenosma spp. are not yet well-known or well-studied in modern medicine, the aim of the present review is to provide a critical appraisal of the current state of knowledge regarding the geographical distribution, traditional uses, phytochemistry, phytochemicals and biological properties of Adenosma spp. Materials and methods: Electronic databases (Web of Science, Science Direct, Google Scholar, Scifinder, Microsoft Academic, eFloras), Biodiversity Heritage Library (BHL), and the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), were searched using the key words "Adenosma", "nhan tran", as well as the scientific names of the species, and a library search was also conducted for articles and books related to the subject published in English, Chinese or Vietnamese, as well as Ph.D. theses and M.Sc. dissertations published before April 2020. Results: Adenosma spp. is traditionally used to treat gastrointestinal disorders, hepatitis, colds, and skin problems. Phenolic acids, flavonoids, and terpenoids constitute the main phytochemicals in these plants. Several evaluations based on bioassays have demonstrated biological activity for Adenosma spp., including antidiabetic, anticancer, and insecticidal activities; extracts and isolated compounds have also shown effective biological activity. However, current research has focused only on a few species, and on limited geographical regions, mainly in China and Vietnam. More and broader ethnopharmacological studies are therefore needed to provide further evidence of the health benefits of these plants. Conclusions: Adenosma spp. are plants rich in essential oils, particularly terpenoids, and the crude extracts have valuable bioactive properties. Certain lines of research based on cell lines and animal models show the potential value in different areas of health management. Further investigation into the traditional knowledge in southeast Asian and Pacific island regions, as well as the into the toxicity and identity of the bioactive compounds and their mechanisms of action is necessary.

Five new pentacyclic triterpenoids, 6a-hydroxyursolic acid (1), 6 alpha-hydroxycorosolic acid (2), 6-oxo-maslinic acid (3), 6-oxo-delta-maslinic acid (4), and 6-oxo-alphitolic acid (5), along with 15 known analogues were isolated from the leaves of Cleistocalyx conspersipunctatus. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic analysis. Compound 1 displayed better alpha-glucosidase inhibitory activity (IC50: 2.6 mu M) than the known inhibitor corosolic acid (IC50: 15.5 mu M). Structure-activity relationships in the activity were discussed for this group of isolates.

Hematophagous invertebrates such as mosquitoes, leeches, mites, ticks, lice and bugs cause various problems for humans. Considering reports on insecticide resistance and requirements for improved environmental and toxicological profiles, there is a continuing need to discover and develop new insecticides and repellents. Ethnobotanical surveys of traditional plant-based repellents provide a direct method of identifying plants for potential use. During five field surveys in Bulang, Jinuo and Lahu villages between August 2018 and July 2019, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 237 informants (151 male, 86 female; mean age 63). Frequency of citation, use value, informant consensus factor and Jaccard index were employed to statistically analyze the collected data. A total of 709 use reports relating to 32 plant species and 71 remedies were collected. Similarities and differences between the three groups, as well as the Dai and Hani of Xishuangbanna, who were studied earlier, were shown through network analysis. These five ethnic groups living in the same area have a common understanding of traditional botanical knowledge against hematophagous invertebrates, but each group also possesses unique knowledge. Recording and protecting this traditional knowledge is potentially useful for protecting this cultural diversity and related biodiversity and can also have important practical applications. In this study, traditional knowledge provided us with many new potential plants for follow-up research for the development of new insecticides and repellents, among which Artemisia indica, Nicotiana tabacum and Clausena excavata are the most promising.

Of all types of interactions between humans and plants, the utilization of plants by people is the most direct and influential. China has a long history of using native plants and a large body of recorded knowledge on uses. Here, we present an inventory of plant uses in China based on an extensive survey of the literature. Twelve categories of usage are recognized (medicinal, edible, etc.), these categories being chosen according to an integration of various current standards. A total of 50,521 use-citations were recorded, covering 10,808 species and infraspecies, representing 28% of the Chinese flora. Additional information is included in the dataset on taxonomy and endangerment status. Analysis of the data reveals that the eight plant families with the greatest numbers of species used in China, namely Asteraceae, Fabaceae, Rosaceae, Ranunculaceae, Poaceae, Lamiaceae, Orchidaceae, and Liliaceae, are also the top eight most species-rich Chinese plant families. However, there are some families that are over-represented or under-representation in certain use categories, compared with their relative abundance in the total flora. There are indications that rare and endangered species are being subject to some degree of over-exploitation. A disproportionately high number of used species are Chinese endemics (3552 species, representing over 33% of used species). A total of 20% of used species have been classified as threatened nationally or globally, according to at least one of the various threat assessments that have been made for the Chinese flora. This comprehensive inventory of the useful plants of China, with relevant ethnobotanical information included, provides a baseline for further studies of plant resources. It will be useful in follow-up research. The scientific dataset it contains will be useful for the protection and sustainable utilization of plant resources in China.

蚊虫传播疟疾、登革热等多种烈性疾病,严重威胁到人畜健康.特别是生活在西双版纳地区的人们,蚊虫骚扰是长期需要面对的问题.该研究运用民族植物学研究方法,对西双版纳哈尼族驱蚊植物及知识进行调查,共走访了12个哈尼族村寨,访谈91位信息报告人,调查得到24种驱蚊植物,分别属于15科19属.主要利用的部位是植物的叶;燃烧植物烟熏、悬挂放置、楼下铺撒和捣碎涂抹是最为常用的驱蚊方式.通过打分排序法评价出蒿属植物、烟草、山鸡椒等共5种具有较高研究开发价值的驱蚊植物,小黄皮、柠檬草、黄樟、大蒜、土荆芥等8种具有较高潜在研究价值的驱蚊植物.通过文献交叉验证,发现其中勐腊毛麝香、糯米香、臭牡丹等11种驱蚊植物为该调查首次提到,结合已报道化学成分和单体化合物驱蚊活性研究情况发现,除高杆珍珠茅和大葱外,其余9种都含有驱避作用的化学成分.这说明民间蕴藏着丰富的传统驱蚊知识,并验证了民间驱蚊知识的合理性与科学性.同时,通过对哈尼族民间驱蚊知识专题的调查研究,对传统驱蚊知识保护起到一定作用.

蓝草在我国历史上曾是重要的经济作物，蓝草制备的植物靛蓝具有抗菌消炎和抗紫外线等保健作用，然而在合成靛蓝商业化的冲击下，蓝草制靛技艺几乎消亡。近年来，伴随着人们对环保和生物多样性的关注，植物靛蓝需求量不断增加，对蓝草的研究也越来越受关注。在文献研究的基础上，简要介绍了我国民间利用的蓝草种类及分布，对我国蓝草制靛工艺的发展进行了梳理，并重点阐述了制靛工艺原理和工艺传承现状，最后对存在的问题进行了讨论。分析认为：文献记载的我国蓝草共11种，分属于6科6属，现利用的蓝草仅5种；我国蓝草制靛工艺从浸揉染色法发展为固态发酵制蓝法和液态发酵制靛法，只有液态发酵制靛法沿用至今；制靛工艺是将蓝草中的前体物质转化为靛蓝并伴有靛玉红等副产物生成的过程，影响靛蓝纯度的因素包括蓝草材料的选择、温度、浸泡时间、pH值、溶氧量等。目前我国蓝草的研究已取得了一些成果，但在蓝草种类的古籍考证、蓝草种质资源的挖掘以及蓝草传统制靛工艺的还原和再现等方面仍有待进一步研究。

"多物同用"是中国传统医药中常见的现象,虽然可以扩大药用植物资源的来源,缓解稀缺药用植物资源不足的现象,但也带来用药混乱和安全等问题.三果(阿如热、巴如热、居如热)作为最经典常用的传统藏药方之一,出现多物一用是很正常的.然而,也正因为"最经典最常用",其用药规范性、合理性和安全性就显得很重要.西藏墨脱县地理位置偏僻,交通不便,缺少藏药三果原药材,当地各族群众在藏医理论指导下,从本地产植物资源中找出相应的地方替代品.考虑到用药安全和合理性,研究从多个角度,基于实地调查和本草考证的结果,对墨脱产藏药三果的基源植物进行调查、采集、鉴定和考证,并探讨其合理性以及用药安全.结果表明,墨脱产藏药三果替代品在原植物物种上虽不同于标准品,但形态上同藏医本草记载相似,标志性有效成分(没食子酸)亦与标准品相同,说明墨脱产藏药三果替代品的应用具有一定合理性.

Ethnopharmacological relevance: A new field of enthnopharmacology has opened, where pharmacological studies draw their attention from the conventional only-medicine approach towards the dietary dimension. The uses of Ficus species in the human diet have been extensively documented by ethnobotanical field surveyors. Overlap commonly exist between the dietary and medicinal selection of Ficus species but not for choices of the plant parts and development stages, which leave a large space for ethnopharmacological study. Aims of the study: 1) To review published works on the dietary uses of Ficus species and their food-medicine overlap based on traditional uses, and 2) to spark interest in ethnopharmacological studies on the dietary uses of Ficus species. Materials and methods: Data was collected and analyzed from many sources, including published and unpublished ethnobotanical field surveys, taxonomic and distribution information, international journals, books, thesis, floras, reports and professional databases. The possible biases arising from data sources are assessed to make sure that the dataset are global representative. Results: A total of 132 Ficus species are reported for dietary uses, including one subspecies and four varieties. Those species are found across all of the six subgenera of the genus Ficus. For distribution, 98 species from the Indo-Australasian region, 27 species from the African tropics (with one species, F. palmata, from both the two regions) and 8 from the Neotropics. The parts most commonly used are the figs (i.e. syconium or fruits) (110 species) and leaves (67 species), in various growth stages. It is also found that the certain plant parts of 78 species are used both for dietary and medicinal purpose. Among which the figs are frequently cited in the treatment of diarrhea and oligogalactia, the leaves in the treatment of diarrhea, stomach complaintsas, antidote and diabetes, the latex in the treatment of intestinal worms and wounds, and the barks in the treatment of diarrhea. Conclusions: We demonstrate that throughout its area of distribution, the genus Ficus is generally used as a dietary plant, although use of a individual species seems uncommon. Furthermore, we highlight the diet-medicine overlap of the uses of this genus, which should enable further understanding of the potential for broader health benefits, rather than limiting studies in this genus to its only-medicinal properties

Histone acetyltransferases (HATs) relieve transcriptional repression by preferentially acetylation of epsilon-amino group of lysine residues on histones. Dysregulation of HATs is strongly correlated with etiology of several diseases especially cancer, thus highlighting the utmost significance of the development of small molecule inhibitors against this potential therapeutic target. In the present study, through virtual screening and iterative optimization, we identified DCH36_06 as a bona fide, potent p300/CBP inhibitor. DCH36_06 mediated p300/CBP inhibition leading to hypoacetylation on H3K18 in leukemic cells. The suppression of p300/ CBP activity retarded cell proliferation in several leukemic cell lines. In addition, DCH36_06 arrested cell cycle at G1 phase and induced apoptosis via activation of capase3, caspase9 and PARP that elucidated the molecular mechanism of its anti-proliferation activity. In transcriptome analysis, DCH36_06 altered downstream gene expression and apoptotic pathways-related genes verified by real-time PCR. Importantly, DCH36_06 blocked the leukemic xenograft growth in mice supporting its potential for in vivo use that underlies the therapeutic potential for p300/ CBP inhibitors in clinical translation. Taken together, our findings suggest that DCH36_06 may serve as a qualified chemical tool to decode the acetylome code and open up new opportunities for clinical intervention.

Traditional edible sour plants of Bai nationality in Dali area were investigated and studied by using the methods of literature research, village interview, participant observation, and ethnobotanical quantitative evaluation. The investigation results show that there are 22 species(varieties)of traditional edible sour plants belonging to 18 genera in 9 families of Bai nationality in Dali area,in which,species in Rosaceae are the most(12 species). Sour plant species using fruit(including young fruit)as edible parts are the most(16 species),and those using stem and leaf(including tender stem,tender leaf,and stem)as edible parts are also more(4 species). Sour plant species using raw eating(16 species)and sousing(11 species)as edible methods are the majority. The edible categories include condiment, snack,food therapy,fruit,beverage,and vegetable,in which, sour plants species used as condiment, snack,food therapy,and fruit are the majority,accounting for 11,10,9, and 9 species, respectively.There are 16 functions of sour plants in this area, in which, sour plant species with functions of appetizing,promoting digestion, expelling summer heat, treating dysentery, and removing rheumatism are the majority. The quantitative evaluation result shows that cultural food significance index(CFSI)of Chaenomeles cathayensis Schneid., Chaenomeles speciosa(Sweet)Nakai, Armeniaca mume var. cernua (Franch.)Yü et Lu, Armeniaca mume var. mume Sieb., Megacarpaea delavayi var. delavayi Franch., Phyllanthus emblica Linn., and Myrica nana Cheval. are relatively high, indicating their high local utilization value. The comprehensive analysis result shows that there are diversities in species, edible part,edible category,edible method,and function of traditional edible sour plants of Bai nationality in Dali area,and traditional utilization knowledge are rich. In addition, the reasons for Bai nationality in Dali area preferring sour plants and their products are analyzed from the perspectives of natural environment,humanistic environment,and food therapy functions,and recommendations are proposed to promote the exploration and utilization of special plant resources of Bai nationality in Dali area.

蚊虫传播疾病日益严重,植物源驱避剂再次受到研究者青睐,但市场上仍缺少新颖、效果显著的植物源驱蚊产品.民族植物学在新型资源开发方面为人类科学研究和产品的开发提供了有效选择途径.该文对国内外驱蚊植物的民族植物学研究进展进行综述,整理驱蚊植物的民族植物学编目,总结驱蚊植物常用的筛选和评价方法,分析国内外民族民间利用植物传统驱避蚊虫的方式、方法和特征,提出未来开展驱蚊植物工作的重点和方向,为发现新资源、开发新产品提供方法和参考.

Plant dyes, the most important part of natural dyes, have been widely used since ancient time. To pursue healthy and environment￣friendly production, the research of dye plants is increasing. However, plant dyes do carry some inherent disadvantages responsible for the decline of industrial application of dye plants. The production of dye plant ma￣terials may be altered by the climate. Poorly fastness, disunity of the color hue, no standard dyeing process are the prob￣lems unsolved. Dai people have their own features in using plants. This study aimed to provide information for the selec￣tion of dye plants and optimization their dyeing process by systemically investigating dye plants including mordant plants, dye assistant plants and their related dyeing processes used by Dai people in Xishuangbanna. Fifty￣six people in fourteen Dai villages were interviewed using semi￣structure interview method. Recorded the information of the colorant plants and dye assistant plants about their names, using parts, the place get the materials and the preparations and dyeing processes. We recorded the whole processes of several dyeing technics, collected the voucher species, analyzed the infor￣mation, and documented eleven colorant plants and seventeen dye assistant plants. The parts used to get a red color were usually bark and heartwood. They were immersed into boiling water to abstract red dyeing liquid. Flower and turmeric was used to obtain yellow. Fermentation method was used to obtain black or black blue. The documented plant species all can be grown in Xishuangbanna. Most of them have medicinal values. The related dyeing processes are all environment￣friendly. The results of the study plays a significant important role in the industrialization of plant dyes in the future.

Baking is the last, and yet most essential, step in the formation of the final distinct flavour of most black tea products. In this study, the influence of baking on the volatile components of Dianhong black tea, which is one of the most popular black teas in China, was investigated. As a very fast, effective, and simple method for collecting volatiles, headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) with a 65 mu m PDMS/DVB fibre was used to extract the volatile compounds of Dianhong black tea, and the volatile components were further separated and identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The results showed that the peak areas of alcohols, aldehydes, esters, and ketones were increased, but that those of some alkanes, acids, and nitrogen compounds did not demonstrate an obvious increase after baking. The differences generated by baking process actually result in the distinct flavour of most black teas and can be used as a model for analysing the chemical composition of special flavours, and for quality improvement and process control.

Pu-erh ripe tea is one of the main tea products in China, which has a unique woody, chestnut fragrance flavour, distinct from other teas. Because of the largely excessive production capacity, it is now possible and necessary to utilise it to produce tea essential oil. In this study, the extraction efficiency of Soxhlet extraction (Soxhlet), ultrasonic-assisted extraction (UAE), simultaneous distillation extraction (SDE), and steam distillation extraction (SD) for extraction oil of Pu-erh ripe tea was investigated. GC-MS and HS-SPME/GC-MS were then applied to identify the volatile compounds in the essential oils and tea samples. The results showed that the extraction ratios of the essential oil were 0.81 +/- 0.01 g/kg (Soxhlet), 0.36 +/- 0.01 g/kg (UAE), 0.11 +/- 0.01 g/kg (SDE), and 0.59 +/- 0.01 g/kg (SD). GC-MS identified 40, 38, 35, and 47 volatile compounds in the essential oils extracted by the different methods, whereas 55 compounds were identified by HS-SPME/GC-MS. Therefore, when both the essential oil extraction rate and oil flavour are considered, the best method is SD.

Consistent aroma characteristics are important for tea products. However, understanding the formation of tea aroma flavor and correspondingly proposing applicable protocols to control tea quality and consistency remain major challenges. Oolong tea is one of the most popular teas with a distinct flavor. Generally, oolong tea is processed with the leaves of tea trees belonging to different subspecies and grown in significantly different regions. In this study, Yunnan and Fujian oolong teas, green tea, black tea, and Pu-erh tea were collected from major tea estates across China. Their sensory evaluation, main water-soluble and volatile compounds were identified and measured. The sensory evaluation, total polysaccharide, caffeine, and catechin content of Yunnan oolong tea was found to be different from that of Fujian oolong tea, a result suggesting that the kinds of tea leaves used in Yunnan and Fujian oolong teas were naturally different. However, according to their aroma compounds, principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis (CA) of the volatile compounds showed that the two types of oolong teas were similar and cannot be clearly distinguished from each other; they are also different from green, black, and Pu-erh teas, a result indicating that the same oolong tea processing technology applied to different tea leaves results in consistent aroma characteristics. The PCA analysis results also indicated that benzylalcohol, indole, safranal, linalool oxides, β-ionone, and hexadecanoic acid methyl ester highly contributed to the distinct aroma of oolong tea compared with the other three types of teas. This study proved that the use of the same processing technology on two kinds of tea leaves resulted in a highly consistent tea aroma.