Uveal melanoma (UM), a prevalent intraocular malignancy with a high rate of metastasis, particularly to the liver, presents a significant therapeutic challenge due to the absence of effective treatments. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs) are under scrutiny for their roles in cancer, with lncRNA-NEAT1 identified as a key contributor to tumor growth. Our study delves into the aberrant expression of NEAT1, miR-506-3p, and STAT3 in UM cells compared with retinal pigment epithelial cells, revealing their impact on UM cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Interventions targeting NEAT1 inhibition or miR-506-3p overexpression restrict UM cell viability, migration, and invasion. Conversely, increasing NEAT1 expression or suppressing miR-506-3p enhances these biological behaviors. Bioinformatic tools and dual-luciferase assays validated the specific binding of miR-506-3p to NEAT1 and its regulatory effect on STAT3. Rescue experiments further confirmed these interactions, contributing to a comprehensive understanding of the NEAT1/miR-506-3p/STAT3 axis in UM. The NEAT1/miR-506-3p/STAT3 axis has emerged as a promising diagnostic and therapeutic target for UM, providing a novel perspective on the pathogenesis of this challenging malignancy.

BACKGROUND:An unusual case of acute acquired concomitant esotropia (AACE) with congenital paralytic strabismus in the right eye is reported.CASE SUMMARY:A 23-year-old woman presented with complaints of binocular diplopia and esotropia of the right eye lasting 4 years and head tilt to the left since 1 year after birth. The Bielschowsky head tilt test showed right hypertropia on a right head tilt. She did not report any other intracranial pathology. A diagnosis of AACE and right congenital paralytic strabismus was made. Then, she underwent medial rectus muscle recession and lateral rectus muscle resection combined with inferior oblique muscle myectomy in the right eye. One day after surgery, the patient reported that she had no diplopia at either distance or near fixation and was found to be orthophoric in the primary position; furthermore, her head posture immediately and markedly improved.CONCLUSION:In future clinical work, in cases of AACE combined with other types of strabismus, we can perform conventional single surgery for both at the same time, and the two types of strabismus can be solved simultaneously.

Increasing evidence indicates that the dysregulation of microRNAs is associated with the development and progression of various cancers. MicroRNA-139-5p (miR-139-5p) has been reported to have a tumor suppressive role in many types of cancers. The role of miR-139-5p in ovarian cancer (OC) is poorly understood. The purpose of the present study was to explore the expression of miR-139-5p and its function in OC. The results showed that miR-139-5p expression was markedly downregulated in OC tissues and cell lines. In addition, underexpression of miR-139-5p was significantly associated with FIGO stage, lymph mode metastasis, and poor overall survival of OC patients. Functional analyses indicated that overexpression of miR-139-5p significantly inhibited proliferation, colony formation, migration, and invasion of OC cells. Rho-associated coiled coil-containing protein kinase 2 (ROCK2) was identified as a direct target of miR-139-5p using luciferase reporter assays, qualitative real-time reverse transcriptase PCR (qRT-PCR), and Western blot. In addition, ROCK2 expression was upregulated and was inversely correlated with miR-139-5p levels in OC tissues. Rescue experiments showed that overexpression of ROCK2 effectively reversed the inhibitory effect of OC cells induced by miR-139-5p. Most interestingly, in vivo studies indicated that miR-139-5p markedly suppressed the growth of tumors by repressing ROCK2 expression in nude mice. Taken together, these findings demonstrated that miR-139-5p plays an important tumor suppressor role in OC by directly binding to ROCK2, providing a novel target for the molecular treatment of OC.

Following the publication of this article, an interested reader drew to the authors' attention that some western blotting data bands had apparently been duplicated in Fig. 4D. The authors have re‑examined their original data, and realized that this figure was assembled incorrectly. The corrected version of Fig. 4 is shown below. The authors sincerely apologize for the errors that were introduced during the preparation of this figure, and thank the Editor for allowing them the opportunity to publish a Corrigendum. Furthermore, they regret any inconvenience caused to the readership. [the original article was published in Oncology Reports 39: 739-746, 2018; DOI: 10.3892/or.2017.6144].

目的 探讨行斜视手术的老年人斜视诊断、治疗及预后.方法 选取吉林大学第二医院收治的老年斜视患者30例,行常规眼科检查及斜视专科检查.麻痹性斜视的患者需行头部磁共振成像(MRI)检查,排除颅脑疾病;固定性内斜视患者行眶计算机断层扫描(CT)检查.共同性斜视单眼采取一退一截手术,双眼采取双眼后退加一眼缩短手术.固定性内斜视和外展神经麻痹性内斜视采用内直肌减弱联合Jensen直肌联结术.结果 30例患者中共同性斜视患者15例,术后有1例知觉性外斜视患者残余-20△,其他患者均为正位.外展神经麻痹性内斜视患者7例,术后除1例患者残余+5°内斜视,其余眼位均恢复正位,复视消失.固定性内斜视患者8例,残余+5°～+15°者4例.结论 老年性斜视行手术的患者主要包括固定性内斜视、外展神经麻痹性内斜视及各种共同性斜视,手术效果良好.

This retrospective study investigated the risk factors of exudative retinal detachment (ERD) occurring after vitrectomy performed to treat proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR).All patients were treated with vitrectomy for PDR. Patients with history(s) of the following were excluded: ocular surgery (except phacoemulsification combined with intraocular lens implantation or retinal laser photocoagulation); ocular trauma; systemic diseases; ocular diseases; uveitis; scleritis; tumor; congenital ocular disorders; or others.Included were 205 eyes of 169 patients, of whom 18 (8.78%) developed ERD with varying degrees of exudative choroidal detachment after 1 to 3 days. Binary logistic regression showed the following association with the development of ERD: lower serum albumin concentration (P = .001); without intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) drug injection before vitrectomy (P = .044); and history of phacoemulsification combined with intraocular lens implantation (P = .046). No association was found with gender; age; systolic pressure; diastolic pressure; panretinal photocoagulation; intraocular pressure on the 1st postoperative day; intraocular pressure on the 2nd postoperative day; serum albumin concentration; or blood urea nitrogen.Risk factors for ERD after vitrectomy for PDR include low serum albumin concentration, without history of intravitreal anti-VEGF drug injection before surgery, and a history of phacoemulsification combined with intraocular lens implantation.

Small nucleolar RNA host gene 16 (SNHG16), a long non-coding RNA, was reported to function as an oncogene in multiple cancers. However, its biological function and regulatory mechanism in retinoblastoma (RB) has not yet been revealed. In this study, we attempted to ascertain the biological role and underlying regulatory mechanism of SNHG16 in RB progression. The expression levels of SNHG16 were measured in RB tissues and cell lines. The effects of SNHG16 knockdown on the proliferation, colony formation, cell cycle progression and apoptosis were investigated using corresponding experiments. Bioinformatic analysis, luciferase reporter assay, and RNA immunoprecipitation assay were applied to identify potential microRNAs (miRs) that could bind with SNHG16. A nude model was established to investigate the effect of SNHG16 knockdown on tumor growth in vivo. We found that SNHG16 expression was upregulated in RB tissues and cell lines compared with normal controls. Knockdown of SNHG16 in RB cells significantly inhibited the proliferation and colony formation, and promoted apoptosis in vitro, as well as retarded tumor growth in vivo. Mechanistic investigation illustrated that SNHG16 acted as a sponge for miR-140-5p and regulated its expression in RB cells. Clinical evidence revealed a negative correlation between SNHG16 and miR-140-5p in RB specimens. Rescue experiments showed that inhibition of miR-140-5p partially attenuated the growth-suppressing effects of SNHG16-depletion on RB cells.. Collectively, SNHG16 exerts oncogenic role in RB by sponging miR-140-5p, suggesting that SNHG16 might be a potential therapy target for RB.

Background Great auricular nerve schwannoma is extremely rare. Herein, we reported the first case of schwannoma arising from great auricular nerve trunk. Case presentation A 29 year-old female complained of a slowly-growing superfacial neck mass for 6 months. MRI revealed a high possibility of schwannoma. Although the patient underwent successfully surgical removal of the tumor, ipsilateral numbness of both auricle and peripheral skin developed due to traction of the nerve. Immunohistochemistry staining confirmed the diagnosis of schwannoma. And the patient has been followed regularly. Conclusion For superficial cervical tumors, the cervical plexus cutaneous nerve should be considered if MRI and other imaging findings suggest neurogenic tumors.

To explore possible approaches to differentiating rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) into retinal ganglion-like cells and to demonstrate the dynamic changes in protein expression profiles of BMSCs throughout the differentiation. BMSCs were isolated from adult rats and cultured in medium conditioned by neonatal rat retinal cells to induce BMSC differentiation into retinal ganglion-like cells. Immunostaining for neurofilament, nestin, Map2, and Thy1.1 was used to follow the differentiation process. Two types of protein arrays were employed to profile the BMSCs, the differentiated retinal ganglion-like cells, and the primary retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) using the Biomarker Wizard System. After 7 days of culture in conditioned medium, cells showing a neural-cell-like modality appeared. The differentiated retinal ganglion-like cells showed that network-like connections were positive for nestin, neurofilament, Map2, and Thy1.1. In total, 16 marker proteins were highly expressed in both retinal ganglion-like cells and RGCs and no obvious expression was observed in BMSCs. Among them, nine proteins were expressed more highly in RGCs than in retinal ganglion-like cells. BMSCs can be induced to differentiate into retinal ganglion-like cells by neonatal rat retinal cells, and the induced cells show protein profiles resembling those of isolated RGCs.

This article has been retracted: please see Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal (https://www.elsevier.com/about/our-business/policies/article-withdrawal).This article has been retracted at the request of the Editor-in-Chief and the authors.Figure 2D appears similar to Figure 2D of the article that Dongkai Zhao, Zhiyu Jiang, Zhihui Wang and Jinliang Gao have previously published in Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy 98 (2018) 719-725 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopha.2017.12.114. However, the images purport to represent different experiments by separate author groups.The authors offer their apologies to the readers of the journal for any inconvenience this might have caused.

Increasing evidence indicates that the dysregulation of microRNAs is associated with the development and progression of various cancers. MicroRNA-139-5p (miR-139-5p) has been reported to have a tumor suppressive role in many types of cancers. The role of miR-139-5p in ovarian cancer (OC) is poorly understood. The purpose of the present study was to explore the expression of miR-139-5p and its function in OC. The results showed that miR-139-5p expression was markedly downregulated in OC tissues and cell lines. In addition, underexpression of miR-139-5p was significantly associated with FIGO stage, lymph mode metastasis, and poor overall survival of OC patients. Functional analyses indicated that overexpression of miR-139-5p significantly inhibited proliferation, colony formation, migration, and invasion of OC cells. Rho-associated coiled-coil-containing protein kinase 2 (ROCK2) was identified as a direct target of miR-139-5p using luciferase reporter assays, qualitative real-time reverse transcriptase PCR (qRT-PCR), and Western blot. In addition, ROCK2 expression was upregulated and was inversely correlated with miR-139-5p levels in OC tissues. Rescue experiments showed that overexpression of ROCK2 effectively reversed the inhibitory effect of OC cells induced by miR-139-5p. Most interestingly, in vivo studies indicated that miR-139-5p markedly suppressed the growth of tumors by repressing ROCK2 expression in nude mice. Taken together, these findings demonstrated that miR-139-5p plays an important tumor suppressor role in OC by directly binding to ROCK2, providing a novel target for the molecular treatment of OC.

Cancer immunotherapy has produced impressive clinical results in recent years. Despite the success of the checkpoint blockade strategies targeting cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4) and programmed death receptor 1 (PD-1), a large portion of cancer patients have not yet benefited from this novel therapy. T cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain 3 (TIM-3) has been shown to mediate immune tolerance in mouse models of infectious diseases, alloimmunity, autoimmunity, and tumor Immunity. Thus, targeting TIM-3 emerges as a promising approach for further improvement of current immunotherapy. Despite a large amount of experimental data showing an immune suppressive function of TIM-3 in vivo, the exact mechanisms are not well understood. To enable effective targeting of TIM-3 for tumor immunotherapy, further in-depth mechanistic studies are warranted. These studies will also provide much-needed insight for the rational design of novel combination therapy with other checkpoint blockers. In this review, we summarize key evidence supporting an immune regulatory role of TIM-3 and discuss possible mechanisms of action.

MicroRNA-365 (miR-365) has been reported to play an important role in tumorigenesis in many types of cancers; however, the role of miR-365 in the carcinogenesis of ovarian cancer remains unknown. In this study, we focused on the roles and underlying mechanisms of miR-365 in ovarian cancer. Here, we found that miR-365 expression level was significantly decreased in ovarian cancer tissues and cell lines, and that low miR-365 expression was negatively significantly associated with advanced stages as defined by the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO), histological grading, and lymph node metastasis. Further functional assays showed that transfection with a miR-365 mimic significantly decreased ovarian cancer cell proliferation, colony formation, migration, and invasion. In addition, Wnt5a was identified as a target gene of miR-365 in ovarian cancer by bioinformatic analysis, luciferase reporter assay, qPCR, and western blot. Wnt5a expression levels were upregulated and inversely correlated with miR-365 expression in ovarian cancer tissues (r = -0.638, P < 0.0001). Overexpression of Wnt5a could effectively reverse the miR-365 overexpression-induced suppression of proliferation and invasion in ovarian cancer cells. Additionally, in vivo studies utilizing a xenograft model demonstrated that overexpression of miR-365 could reduce tumor growth by repressing Wnt5a. Taken together, these findings suggest that miR-365 may be a promising candidate for therapeutic application in ovarian cancer treatment.

我院于近期急诊收治1例眼内异物,特别之处在于一个铁质异物分3段留在眼内3个不同部位,国内外尚未见过类似的病例,现报告如下. 1 病例 患者男性,39岁.因左眼被崩伤2 d来我院就诊.患者2 d前用锤子砸钢钉时崩伤左眼,眼红,视力下降.入院检查:视力:右眼0.8,左眼0.1,右眼前段及眼底无异常.

Retinoblastoma (RB) is the most common malignancy that occurs during childhood. Growing evidence supports a crucial role for microRNAs (miRNAs) in regulating the initiation and progression of RB. Aberrant expression of microRNA‑29a (miR‑29a) has been found in many types of cancers, but not including RB. Therefore, the aims of the present study were to evaluate the regulatory role and underlying mechanism of miR‑29a in human RB. In the present study, we found that miR‑29a expression was significantly downregulated in RB tissues and cell lines. Overexpression of miR‑29a in RB cells significantly inhibited cell proliferation, migration, and invasion and promoted cell apoptosis in vitro. Additionally, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) was identified as a direct target of miR‑29a in RB cells. miR‑29a overexpression in RB cells not only inhibited STAT3 expression but also altered expression of its downstream genes, including, Bcl2, cyclin D1 and matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP‑2). STAT3 mRNA expression was upregulated in RB tissues and negatively correlated with miR‑29a expression. Reintroduction of STAT3 without 3'‑untranslated region (3'UTR) reversed the inhibitory effects of miR‑29a on cell proliferation, migration and invasion. In vivo study confirmed that overexpression of miR‑29a also inhibited tumor formation of RB in a nude mouse model by repressing STAT3. Collectively, these data suggest that miR‑29a exerts a tumor suppressor effect on RB by repressing STAT3, supporting the targeting of miR‑29a as a potentially effective therapeutic method for RB.

<正>固定性斜视是指由于后天或先天因素及某一组拮抗肌高度挛缩或纤维变性,导致的一眼或双眼固定于某一斜视位上,不能向其他方向转动的现象。固定性内斜视与广泛纤维化综合征属于同一类型,临床上多见于40岁以上的中老年高度近视眼患者,发病过程多为渐进性,由于眼外肌被纤维组织所替代,致使眼球固定于特定位,以内、下转位置多见。手术的目

2010年春节期间,我院收治的眼外伤患者中烟花爆竹爆炸伤占80％以上.这类爆炸伤患者病情复杂,多种损伤同时存在,包括眼睑裂伤,泪小管断裂,结角膜烧伤、裂伤、异物,晶状体脱位,外伤性白内障,玻璃体积血,眼内异物等多部位、多组织损伤.

Objective To analysis the surgical effectiveness of anterior transposition of inferior oblique muscle for dissociated vertical deviation(DVD) associated with inferior oblique muscle overaction.Methods Twenty-four patients(30 eyes) underwent anterior transposition of inferior oblique muscle for DVD associated with inferior oblique muscle overaction in our department were analyzed.The patients were divided into large,medium and small degree groups based on the vertical deviation,and the surgical effectiveness of three groups in 33 cm and 5 m were compared.Patients underwent anterior transposition of inferior oblique muscles to the medial edge of inferior rectus muscle insertion,the horizontal rectus muscle was operated for horizontal strabismus at same time.Results The cured rate of large,medium and small degree group at 33 cm were 100%,0,0,the effective rate were 92.3%,7.7%,0,and the ineffective rate were 41.7%,25.0%,33.3%;The cured rate of large,medium and small degree group at 5 m were 100%,0,0,the effective rate were 92.9%,7.1%,0,and the ineffective rate were 25.0%,50.0%,25.0%.Regardless of near and far distance,the surgical effectiveness of anterior transposition of inferior oblique muscle in small and medium group were obviously better than that in large degree group,there were statistical difference(all P<0.05),but there was no difference between small and medium group(P>0.05).Conclusion The effectiveness of anterior transposition of inferior oblique muscle in small(≤10△)and medium degree(from 11△ to 19△)group are more better than that in large group(≥20△) in near and far distance.