Cisplatin resistance significantly impedes effective treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This study investigates the role of the N6-methyladenosine (M6A)-related circFUT8/miR-185-5p/HNRNPC competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) axis in NSCLC cisplatin resistance. Bioinformatics analysis identified HNRNPC, a critical M6A modification-related gene, as a promoter of NSCLC proliferation and metastasis. Our in vitro and in vivo experiments reveal that circFUT8 upregulates HNRNPC by sponging miR-185-5p, thus enhancing NSCLC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion while reducing apoptosis and sensitivity to cisplatin. These findings highlight the circFUT8/miR-185-5p/HNRNPC axis as a potential target to overcome chemoresistance in NSCLC.NEW & NOTEWORTHY This study identifies the N6-methyladenosine (M6A)-linked circFUT8/miR-185-5p/HNRNPC competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network as a key regulator of cisplatin resistance in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). By revealing how circFUT8 modulates HNRNPC through miR-185-5p, this work provides insights into the molecular mechanisms of chemoresistance. The findings suggest potential therapeutic strategies targeting the circFUT8/miR-185-5p/HNRNPC axis to overcome cisplatin resistance in NSCLC, opening new avenues for improved treatment outcomes.

This study aims to analyze Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)-associated copper-death genes using the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) dataset and machine learning, exploring their immune microenvironment correlation and underlying mechanisms. Utilizing GEO, we analyzed the GSE217948 dataset with control samples. Differential expression analysis identified 16 differentially expressed copper-death genes, and Cell type Identification By Estimating Relative Subsets Of RNA Transcripts (CIBERSORT) quantified immune cell infiltration. Gene classification yielded two copper-death clusters, with Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA) identifying key module genes. Machine learning models (random forest, Support Vector Machine (SVM), Generalized Linear Model (GLM), eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost)) selected 6 feature genes validated by the GSE213313 dataset. Ferredoxin 1 (FDX1) emerged as the top gene, corroborated by Area Under the Curve (AUC) analysis. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) and Gene Set Variation Analysis (GSVA) revealed enriched pathways in T cell receptor, natural killer cytotoxicity, and Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor (PPAR). We uncovered differentially expressed copper-death genes and immune infiltration differences, notably CD8 T cells and M0 macrophages. Clustering identified modules with potential implications for COVID-19. Machine learning models effectively predicted COVID-19 risk, with FDX1's pivotal role validated. FDX1's high expression was associated with immune pathways, suggesting its role in COVID-19 pathogenesis. This comprehensive approach elucidated COVID-19-related copper-death genes, their immune context, and risk prediction potential. FDX1's connection to immune pathways offers insights into COVID-19 mechanisms and therapy.

Nowadays, magnetic bearing has been used in more and more fields. Displacement sensor is one of the most important functional components of a magnetic bearing system and have attracted more and more attentions. Inductance displacement sensor, which shows merits in maintainability, lifetime, sensitivity, environmental interference ability, and cost, is a potential displacement sensor for magnetic bearing systems. While, usually, for a certain application, installation space of displacement is limited, increasing the difficulty of sensitivity improvement by stator structure optimization. This paper presents a novel approach for axial inductance displacement sensor to improve sensitivity by decreasing the armature depth. In the experiment part, three armature with different depth have been fabricated and their performance are tested. The results show that sensitivity is improved from 2.34 mV/µm to 3.15 mV/µm when the depth of armature decreases from 24 mm to 18 mm, validating the feasibility of sensitivity improvement by decreasing the armature depth. With the improvement of sensitivity, resolution also improves from 5.1 µm to 3.8 µm. Negative effect of this approach is that measuring range is decreased when the armature depth is reduced.

肺部感染作为常见的感染性疾病,全球发病率高、死亡率高,致病菌类型多种多样,目前常用的病原体检测主要有形态学鉴定、细菌培养和抗原抗体检测,部分罕见的病原体不易被检测出,给临床诊断带来困难.宏基因二代测序(mNGS)技术作为一项新的检测技术,处于高速发展阶段,并已逐步应用于临床,具有高通量、高灵敏度和检测周期短等特点.mNGS对提高肺部感染性疾病的病原学诊断效率和检测效能具有巨大的潜力,特别是常规检测方法存在局限性的领域,如罕见疾病、新发传染病及检测条件苛刻的微生物等.现针对mNGS技术在肺部感染病原体诊断的优势和局限性等方面进行综述,探讨其临床应用价值,为通过mNGS技术实现肺部感染性疾病的精准诊断和治疗提供依据.

This study investigates the molecular mechanism of FTO m6A demethylase in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and gefitinib resistance using GEO and TCGA databases. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened from RNA-seq data sets of serum exosomes of gefitinib-resistant NSCLC patients in the GEO database and the NSCLC data set in the GEPIA2 database. From this analysis, FTO m6A demethylase was found to be significantly upregulated in the serum exosomes of gefitinib-resistant NSCLC patients. To identify downstream genes affected by FTO m6A demethylase, weighted correlation network analysis and differential expression analysis were performed, resulting in the identification of three key downstream genes (FLRT3, PTGIS, and SIRPA). Using these genes, the authors constructed a prognostic risk assessment model. Patients with high-risk scores exhibited a significantly worse prognosis. The model could predict the prognosis of NSCLC with high accuracy measured by AUC values of 0.588, 0.608, and 0.603 at 1, 3, and 5 years respectively. Furthermore, m6A sites were found in FLRT3, PTGIS, and SIRPA genes, and FTO was significantly positively correlated with the expression of these downstream genes. Overall, FTO m6A demethylase promotes gefitinib resistance in NSCLC patients by upregulating downstream FLRT3, PTGIS, and SIRPA expression, with these three downstream genes serving as strong prognostic indicators.

本文报道1例老年男性非小细胞肺癌患者化疗过程中发生的不良反应的诊治经过，对相关不良反应是否为类赫氏反应进行探讨。该例患者在培美曲塞二钠静脉滴注后，缓慢静脉滴注奈达铂5 min时突发寒战、高热、恶心、呕吐、发绀及呼吸困难，对症治疗后迅速缓解，次日复查胸部CT显示肿瘤体积显著缩小且肿瘤相关症状明显减轻，推测原因可能为超敏肿瘤细胞在抗肿瘤药物作用下大量死亡突然释放大量炎症因子引起的类赫氏反应，但需与化疗药物引起的过敏反应进行鉴别。

The inter-turn short circuit (ITSC) fault of the winding in the active magnetic bearing (AMB) may cause severe damage. Hence, it is vital to diagnose the ITSC fault in real-time. In this paper, the ITSC fault model of the AMB is presented and a method is proposed for the detection of the ITSC fault of AMB utilizing the least mean square (LMS) algorithm. Furthermore, the forgetting factor recursive least square algorithm is adopted for the online implementation of the LMS algorithm. A compensation method based on look-up table is introduced to improve the robustness of the proposed method to the eccentricity of the rotor. The effectiveness of proposed method is verified by experiments.

Background Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic interstitial lung disease with unclear pathogenesis. IPF is considered as a risk factor for lung cancer. Compared to other lung cancers, small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) has a lower incidence, but has a more aggressive course. Patients with IPF and SCLC have a lower survival rate, more difficult treatment, and poorer prognosis. Case presentation Case 1 was of a 66-year-old man with IPF for 5 years, who was admitted to our hospital for dyspnea. Case 2 was of a 68-year-old woman, who presented with chest pains, cough, and dyspnea. Both patients had extremely poor lung function. High-resolution computed tomography and pathology revealed that both patients had IPF and SCLC. Chemotherapy comprising nedaplatin (80 mg/m 2 ) and etoposide (100 mg for 5 days) was initiated for both patients. Antifibrotic agents were continued during the chemotherapeutic regimen. Both patients showed improvement in their condition after treatment. Conclusion The favorable outcomes in these 2 cases suggests that chemotherapy is worth considering in the management of patients having SCLC and IPF with poor lung function.

Background Whipple’s disease is a chronic infectious disease caused by the Gram-positive bacterium Tropheryma whipplei (TW), which not only affects the gastrointestinal tract and causes malabsorption of nutrients, but several other systems, such as the cardiovascular system, central nervous system, the joints, and the vascular system, can also be simultaneously involved. The aim of this report was to be able to alert the clinician to severe pneumonia caused by TW combined with Candida sp. Case presentation The case study was conducted on patients in September and November 2019. After routine examination and treatment, the results were not satisfactory. A bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) using metagenomics next-generation sequencing was conducted on two adults who presented with fever, cough, and progressive dyspnea and who had no history of gastrointestinal symptoms, immunodeficiency diseases, or use of immunosuppressive agents. TW and Candida sp. were detected in in BAL. Conclusions This is a report of life-threatening pneumonia caused by TW combined with Candida sp. in a Chinese population.

目的:探讨硼替佐米致多发性骨髓瘤患者急性肺损伤的发病机制、临床表现和治疗策略,为该病的诊治提供参考.方法:收集1例硼替佐米致多发性骨髓瘤患者急性肺损伤的临床资料,并进行相关文献的归纳复习.结果:患者,男性,48岁,因多发性骨髓瘤在行VCD方案(硼替佐米、环磷酰胺和地塞米松)第4化疗疗程中出现发热伴呼吸困难症状,经影像学、实验室、病原学和支气管镜等检查诊断为硼替佐米治疗相关的急性肺损伤,停用硼替佐米并给予糖皮质激素和无创呼吸机辅助通气等治疗后,患者病情好转出院.结论:硼替佐米治疗相关的急性肺损伤发生率低,病情进展迅速,病死率高,对该类疾病的及早识别尤为重要,疑诊患者早期停用硼替佐米并加用糖皮质激素治疗能够有效降低病死率,改善预后.

Background: We aimed to describe the clinical features of novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients with or without diabetes, focusing on the effect of abnormal HbA1c levels on inflammatory reactions and disease severity.Methods: A total of 190 patients with COVID-19 were included in this cross-sectional study. Clinical and laboratory characteristics were collected and compared among moderate, severe, and critical cases, as well as among diabetes, prediabetes and nondiabetes cases. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were constructed to determine the diagnostic ability of HbA1c for disease severity. Logistic regression was used to explore the relationship between HbA1c levels and worse prognosis of COVID-19.Results: HbA1c levels at admission were significantly different in patients with moderate, severe, and critical diseases (P<0.001). The area under the curve (AUC) of HbA1c levels to distinguish between moderate and severe-critical diseases was 0.938 (95% CI 0.906–0.970). After adjustment for confounders, the results showed that the increasing odds of in-hospital deaths were associated with HbA1c levels >6.0% (42 mmol/mol) (aOR 2.971 [95% CI 1.002, 8.804], P=0.049), and the increasing odds of severe or critical COVID-19 were associated with HbA1c levels ≥5.7% (39 mmol/mol) (aOR 29.588 [95% CI 8.285, 105.457], P<0.001). In addition, HbA1c levels strongly correlated with inflammatory markers and cytokines.Conclusions: Abnormal glucose metabolism can cause a hyperinflammatory state of COVID-19, which manifests as severe disease.

Objective:To investigate this thesis researches into the relationship between the comorbidities of patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and COPD Assessment Test (CAT) score.Methods:A total of 400 patients with stable COPD who visited the clinics of 4 second-class hospitals and 4 third-class hospitals of Changchun City were gathered between March, 2018 and March, 2019.All patients signed the informed consent and filled in a unified questionnaire.A statistical analysis of patients′ comorbidities and CAT score was made according to the questionnaire they filled in.Results:The actual number of valid questionnaire is 389.The main comorbidities were: 148 cases (38.05%) of ischaemic heart disease, 109 cases (28.02%) of hypertension, 79 cases (20.31%) of bronchial asthma, 40 cases (10.28%) of diabetes, 36 cases (9.25%) of bronchiectasis, 35 cases (9.00%) of chronic cardiac insufficiency.Patients with 0 (108 cases), 1(141 cases) and ≥2 (140 cases) types of comorbidities have a CAT score of 15.99±7.35, 19.45±7.10 and 20.23±7.91 respectively.The difference of CAT score between the three groups of patients with different number of comorbidities was statistically significant ( F=10.733, P<0.05). The differences of CAT scores of patients with 0 and 1 types of comorbidities are significant ( t=3.620, P<0.05) and the differences of CAT scores of patients with 0 and ≥2 types of comorbidities are significant ( t=4.432, P<0.05). When it was classified according to the presence or absence of specific comorbidities, the difference of CAT score between patients with and without bronchial asthma was statistically significant (20.56±6.90 vs 18.31±7.78, t=-2.340, P<0.05). The difference of CAT score between patients with and without ischaemic heart disease was statistically significant (20.47±7.45 vs 17.72±7.60, t=-3.492, P<0.05). The difference of CAT score between patients with and without chronic cardiac insufficiency was statistically significant (21.46±7.74 vs 18.50±7.60, t=-2.190, P<0.05). Conclusions:The greater the number of comorbidities of patients with stable COPD, the higher the CAT score of them will be and the worse their quality of life will be.Among all the comorbidities, bronchial asthma, ischaemic heart disease and chronic cardiac insufficiency have a significant influence on patients′ quality of life.

*These authors contributed equally to this work Background: The exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) seriously affects the patient’s quality of life and prognosis. This multicenter cross-sectional study investigated the characteristics of stable COPD and risk factors for acute exacerbation of COPD (AECOPD) in patients in Changchun, Jilin Province, China. Methods: The study included 400 outpatients admitted to four secondary hospitals and four tertiary hospitals in Jilin Province from March 2018 to March 2019. Data on the general condition of stable COPD patients, patient self-management, COPD Assessment Test (CAT) scores, number of acute exacerbations in the past 12 months, and medications received during the study period were collected using a questionnaire. Results: Sociodemographic characteristics and clinical data were obtained from 306 patients, and drug prescription data were obtained from 329 patients. Pearson correlation analysis revealed that CAT scores were positively correlated with the number of acute exacerbations. Age, education level, smoking history, disease duration, number of comorbidities, and the presence of ischemic heart disease (IHD) were associated with AECOPD. Moreover, the level of education, disease duration, and the presence of IHD were independent risk factors for AECOPD. Poor compliance due to the lack of understanding of the disease and the high cost of treatment is a risk factor for AECOPD. In addition, increased air pollution in industrial cities and vitamin D deficiency are closely related to AECOPD. Conclusion: Low education level, long disease duration, and the presence of IHD may promote the exacerbation and poor control of COPD in patients in Jilin Province.

Background:The exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) seriously affects the patient's quality of life and prognosis. This multicenter cross-sectional study investigated the characteristics of stable COPD and risk factors for acute exacerbation of COPD (AECOPD) in patients in Changchun, Jilin Province, China.Methods:The study included 400 outpatients admitted to four secondary hospitals and four tertiary hospitals in Jilin Province from March 2018 to March 2019. Data on the general condition of stable COPD patients, patient self-management, COPD Assessment Test (CAT) scores, number of acute exacerbations in the past 12 months, and medications received during the study period were collected using a questionnaire.Results:Sociodemographic characteristics and clinical data were obtained from 306 patients, and drug prescription data were obtained from 329 patients. Pearson correlation analysis revealed that CAT scores were positively correlated with the number of acute exacerbations. Age, education level, smoking history, disease duration, number of comorbidities, and the presence of ischemic heart disease (IHD) were associated with AECOPD. Moreover, the level of education, disease duration, and the presence of IHD were independent risk factors for AECOPD. Poor compliance due to the lack of understanding of the disease and the high cost of treatment is a risk factor for AECOPD. In addition, increased air pollution in industrial cities and vitamin D deficiency are closely related to AECOPD.Conclusion:Low education level, long disease duration, and the presence of IHD may promote the exacerbation and poor control of COPD in patients in Jilin Province.

Background: In December 2019, the outbreak of a disease subsequently termed COVID-19 occurred in Wuhan, China. The number of cases increased rapidly and spread to six continents. However, there is limited information on the chest computed tomography (CT) characteristics of affected patients. Objective: Analyze COVID-19 patients to determine the relationships of clinical characteristics, chest CT score, and levels of inflammatory mediators . Methods: This retrospective, single-center case series of 108 consecutive hospitalized patients with confirmed COVID-19 at Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College of HUST (Wuhan, China) was performed from January 1 to January 28, 2020. Patient demographics, comorbidities, clinical findings, chest CT results, and CT scores of affected lung parenchyma were recorded. The relationships between chest CT score with levels of systemic inflammatory mediators were determined. Results: All patients exhibited signs of significant systemic inflammation, including increased levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), procalcitonin, chest CT score, and a decreased lymphocyte (LY) count. Chest CT score had positive associations with white blood cell (WBC) count, CRP, ESR, procalcitonin, and abnormal coagulation function, and a negative association with LY count. Treatment with a glucocorticoid increased the LY count, reduced the CT score and CRP level, and improved coagulation function. Conclusions: COVID-19 infection is characterized by a systemic inflammatory response that affects the lungs, blood, digestive system, and circulatory systems. The chest CT score is a good indicator of the extent of systemic inflammation. Glucocorticoid treatment appears to reduce systemic inflammation in these patients.

RATIONALE:Chilaiditi syndrome is a rare disorder characterized by a broad spectrum of (gastro-intestinal) symptoms caused by interposition of a segment of bowel between the liver and the diaphragm. Most cases present with abdominal symptoms and the morbidity tend to increase with age.PATIENT CONCERNS:Here we present a rare case of Chilaiditi syndrome. An elderly postmenopausal woman developed unresolved postoperative respiratory symptoms and chest pain. Chest auscultation revealed considerable attenuation of respiratory sounds. She showed postoperative increase in D-dimer level and sudden onset of dyspnea.DIAGNOSES:Considering the presence of atelectasis in the middle and lower lobes of the right lung, bedside fiberoptic bronchoscopy was performed immediately to rule out bronchial phlegm embolism. However, no phlegm embolism was found in the left lung, and a small amount of yellow-white mucus was seen in the upper lobe of the right lung. Due to external pressure, the lumen of the middle and lower lobes of the right lung was obviously narrowed.INTERVENTIONS:The patient was placed in a semi-sitting position and a tube was passed through the anus to decompress the intestinal cavity; in addition, she received potassium supplementation.OUTCOMES:The patient's symptoms improved markedly. Chest and semi-supine abdominal plain radiographs showed enhanced lung markings, shadows in the left lower lung lobes, elevation of the right diaphragm, and small amount of pneumoperitoneum. The patient recovered after 5 days of continuous treatment and was discharged.LESSONS:Emergency computed tomographic pulmonary angiography may facilitate the diagnosis of Chilaiditi syndrome, especially in the postoperative setting. Occurrence of Chilaiditi syndrome in this patient was likely associated with surgical factors. Appropriate investigations and clear identification of etiology are essential for successful treatment.

Introduction: Primary pulmonary lymphoma (PPL) is a rare extranodal lymphoma. Only 5% to 20% of patients suffering from PPL have diffuse large β-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), and their chest computed tomography (CT) findings show single- or double-lung patchy or flocculated shadows, isolated or multifocal nodules, or masses. In this research paper, we report an older woman having multiple ground-glass nodules, who was eventually diagnosed with primary pulmonary diffuse large β-cell lymphoma (PPDLBCL). Patient concerns: A 69-year-old woman suffering from cough was admitted to the Second Hospital of Jilin University. Diagnoses: A chest CT scan showed multiple ground-glass nodules. She had received 2 weeks of antibiotic treatment, but the multiple ground-glass nodules were still present. Lung biopsy was performed by tracheoscopy, which showed non-Hodgkin diffuse large β-cell lymphoma. Interventions: The patient received R-CHOP-21 chemotherapy. Outcomes: The multiple ground-glass nodules were absorbed. Conclusion: The current study shows that spotting multiple ground-glass nodules in the lungs is a clear indication of the presence of PPDLBCL. It is important to spread awareness of PPDLBCL, which needs timely diagnosis and management.

Aim: Thus far, the anti-inflammatory effect of vanillin in acute lung injury (ALI) has not been studied. This study aimed to investigate the effect of vanillin in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ALI. Results & methodology: Our study detected the anti-inflammatory effects of vanillin by ELISA and western blot, respectively. Pretreatment of mice with vanillin significantly attenuated LPS-stimulated lung histopathological changes, myeloperoxidase activity and expression levels of proinflammatory cytokines by inhibiting the phosphorylation activities of ERK1/2, p38, AKT and NF-κB p65. In addition, vanillin inhibited LPS-induced TNF-α and IL-6 expression in RAW264.7 cells via ERK1/2, p38 and NF-κB signaling. Conclusion: Vanillin can inhibit macrophage activation and lung inflammation, which suggests new insights for clinical treatment of ALI.

Lung cancer remains one of the leading causes of cancer-associated mortality in the world. Lung carcinogenesis is frequently associated with deletions or the loss of heterozygosity at the critical chromosomal region 3p21.3, where RNA-binding protein 5 (RBM5) is localized. RBM5 regulates cell growth, cell cycle progression and apoptosis in cell homeostasis. In the lungs, altered RBM5 protein expression leads to alterations in cell growth and apoptosis, with subsequent lung pathogenesis and varied responses to treatment in patients with lung cancer. Detection of RBM5 expression may be a tumor marker for diagnosis, prediction and treatment response in lung cancer, and may be developed as a potential therapeutic target for drug resistant lung cancer. This review discusses the most recent progress on the role of RBM5 in lung cancer.