Temperatures and illumination/darkness conditions influenced etching terminal wastewater (ETW) treatment using Serratia marcescens-inoculated single-chamber microbial electrolysis cells (MECs), achieving recalcitrant organics mineralization (6.0- 12.2 mg/L/h) and complete heavy metals removal at 4- 60 degrees C during 24 h operation. A favorable 6 h operation for heavy metals removal and the preferable 24 h for recalcitrant organics mineralization, demonstrated nonsynchronous removal/mineralization of these different components in the ETW. Temperature and illumination combinedly regulated S. marcescens release of more cathodic than anodic extracellular polymer substances (EPS) with a compositional diversity and the more functional cathodic triplet 3 EPS* than active radical HO center dot, converse to the HO center dot over 3 EPS* in darkness, for efficient recalcitrant organics mineralization. These results illustrated the combined influential temperature and illumination via regulating S. marcescens release of different EPS for ETW treatment, providing a new regulating strategy towards efficient treatment of actual industrial wastewaters in single-chamber MECs.

酯化反应是有机化学教学实验中最重要的实验种类,不同的酯合成方法有很大区别,这些实验培养了学生的实践能力,在教学实验的基础上,对水杨酸和异戊醇的酯化反应进行了研究探索.水杨酸异戊酯是一种前景广阔,极具开发价值的产品,研究其合成方法具有很大的潜在经济效益和社会效益.采用分水分馏方法,以环己烯为带水剂,高效合成水杨酸异戊酯,产品收率达85.9％.通过研究水杨酸异戊酯的合成方法,培养了学生独立思考的创新能力和勇于探索的科学精神,达到了良好的教学效果.

针对高校化学实验室安全管理工作中的难题,搭建化学品安全监管平台,实现化学品的"闭环"精细化管理;以虚拟仿真体验为特色,建设集安全教育资源、安全考试考核、安全准入认证、安全管理等功能为一体的智慧化学实验室安全准入平台,积极探索实验室安全准入平台的学习流程和运行管理机制.通过化学实验室安全体系的构建和实施,消除化学品的安全隐患,增强学生的安全责任意识,减少安全事故的发生,保障化学实验室安全.

水中铬含量的测定涉及理论知识和仪器使用规范多,课堂上需要教师讲解的实验内容也比较多,不仅工作量较大,而且教学效果不理想.文章针对非化学专业本科生的特点和培养目标设计了新的教学策略.减少了溶液配制工作,适当地降低了实验操作的难度,增强了仪器分析和数据处理的要求.借助录像、挂图、实物、说明书等媒介,将多种教学手段相互结合,促使教学过程产生叠加效应.文章还分析了对测试结果影响较大、需要在课堂上仔细讲解的问题,帮助学生更好地理解实验内容.改进的实验教学方案提高了课堂的实验效率,取得了良好的教学效果.

针对目前分析化学实验教学中存在的问题,通过引入现代教育技术,对分析化学实验课程进行了一系列的探索和改革,建立并整合了分析化学实验的教学资源库和分析化学实验的微信公众平台.实践证明,现代教育技术促进了实验教学模式的极大转变,充分调动了学生的学习兴趣,提高了学生的自主学习能力和动手动脑能力,有效提升了实验教学质量.分析化学实验课程组利用现代教育技术在实验教学模式改革方面进行积极有效的探索和实践,成功地开创了一条满足新时代素质教育的新思路,为在全校乃至其他高校推动实验教学改革奠定了基础.

介绍了一个综合型、创新有机化学实验—乙酸异戊酯的酯交换反应,通过分馏、普通蒸馏和减压蒸馏,制备乙酸乙酯和异戊醇.项目中涉及的基本操作多,时间安排紧凑,有助于学生巩固教学内容,加深对化合物性质和反应机理的理解.该实验以教学实验制备的产品为原料,精制的异戊醇和乙酸乙酯都能够再利用,不产生有机废液,不增加教学成本.学生运用所学知识解决有机废液处理问题,增强了创新能力和环境保护意识.

Metallurgical microbial fuel cells (MFCs) are holding great promise for metal waste and wastewater treatment with simultaneous metal recovery and separation, where ion exchange membranes (IEMs) are used as separators between the CH3COO- and PO43- filled anodes, and metal ions filled cathodes. How these ions migrate across the IEMs with simultaneous metal reduction on the cathodes, however, is not yet fully understood. Therefore, two proton exchange (N117 and N212), a cation exchange (CEM) and an anion exchange (AEM) membranes were studied to evaluate the suitability of IEMs as separators of MFCs for reduction of mixed Cr2O72-, Cu2+ and Cd2+ at each metals of either 10 mM or 1.0 mM, as a model for a wide variety of metals in practical electroplating and mining industries. It was found that circuit current directed reduction of more metals on the cathodes with less migration across the IEMs, compared to the more metal transport in the absence of circuit current. CEM was the most beneficial for less cross-over of Cr2O72- from one side, and CH3COO- and PO43 from the other side, despite slight more migration of Cu2+ and Cd2+ than that of AEM. A higher metal concentration with each of 10 mM led to more metal transport through the IEMs than that of 1.0 mM. This study demonstrates the dependency of migration and reduction of Cr2O72-, Cu2+ and Cd2+ on electric field, type of IEM and metal concentration, and thus provides a new insight into metallurgical MFCs for remediating Cr2O72-, Cu2+ and Cd2+ co-contamination with simultaneous metal recovery.

A self-driven microbial fuel cell (MFC) - microbial electrolysis cell (MEC) system, where electricity generated from MFCs is in situ utilized for powering MECs, has been previously reported for recovering Cr(VI), Cu(II) and Cd(II) with individual metals fed in different units of the system in batch operation. Here it was advanced with treating synthetic mixed metals' solution at appropriately adjusting composites in fed-batch and continuous flow operations for complete separation of Cr(VI), Cu(II) and Cd(II) from each other. Under an optimal condition of hydraulic residence time of 4h, matching of two serially connected MFCs with one MEC, and fed with a composite of either 5mgL(-1) Cr(VI), 1mgL(-1) Cu(II) and 5mgL(-1) Cd(II), or 1mgL(-1) Cr(VI), 5mgL(-1) Cu(II) and 5mgL(-1) Cd(II), the self-driven MFC-MEC system can completely and sequentially recover Cu(II), Cr(VI) and Cd(II) from mixed metals. This study provides a true sustainable and zero-energy-consumed approach of using bioelectrochemical systems for completely recovering and separating Cr(VI), Cu(II) and Cd(II) from each other or from wastes or contaminated sites.

介绍一个综合性研究型实验——Y型沸石分子筛的制备及表征。该实验以水热条件下溶胶-凝胶法合成分子筛为理论基础,采用导向剂法合成Y型沸石分子筛,并采用XRD、IR等手段对产物进行表征。该实验时间和步骤安排合理,可操作性强,可以在本科及研究生实验教学中推广。

教学方式的改革是教育改革的主要内容之一。开放式实验教学是对传统的封闭式的教学方式的改革，本文以《有机化合物的合成与鉴定》实验课为主，从开放式实验教学的操作办法、实际操作效果和经验与体会等方面阐述大规模开放式实验教学的探索与实践。