A new fossil species, Poljanka hirsuta sp.n., of the family Protopsyllidiidae is described from the Middle Jurassic Jiulongshan Formation of Daohugou Village, Inner Mongolia, China. A key to the species of the genus Poljanka Klimaszewski, 1995 is provided. The diagnosis of the genus is revised.

Varicapitatus sinuolatus gen. et sp. nov. is described from the Yixian Formation of Northeastern China. Based on the new specimens, this study discusses the morphological characteristics and taxonomic position of Pachymeridiidae: Pachymeridiidae belongs to Pentatomomorpha and is more closely related to Lygaeoidea. In Heteroptera, the costal fracture of the forewing is a homoplastic characteristic, already evolved independently several times among most taxa before the Early Cretaceous. The pulvillus under the claw in Pentatomomorpha is also a homoplastic characteristic. In Pachymeridiidae, the forewing costal fracture and absence of pulvillus can be recognized as an independent evolution or convergence, implying that pachymeridiids may have different flight and crawling behaviors distinct from other Pentatomomorpha groups.

The climatic impacts of the Tibetan Plateau since the Neogene and the phytogeographic pattern changes of formerly widely-distributed forest communities on the plateau remain poorly constrained. Today,CercisL. (Fabaceae) is a well-known arborescent genus typically distributed in subtropical to warm temperate zones of the Northern Hemisphere, and Paleogene fossil occurrences from Eurasia and North America show a long history of the genus in mid-low latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere. Here, we describe a fossil species,Cercis zekuensissp. nov. based on well-preserved fruits from the early Miocene of the northeastern Tibetan Plateau. Detailed morphological comparison (e.g., ventral margin with a veinless wing) of extant and fossil members ofCercisand other genera confirmed validity of the present taxonomic identity. Based on the comparison with extant relatives and their climate preferences, this unexpected occurrence of thermophilicCercisin northeastern Tibetan Plateau indicates this area had higher temperature and precipitation in the Miocene than today. Integrated with inferred (paleo-)temperature lapse rates, this indicates a low paleoelevation of less than 2.4 km. In contrast with the present-day alpine climate here (similar to 3.7 km), such a low elevation facilitated a more favorable habitat with comparatively high biodiversity and warm temperate forests at that time, as were evidenced by co-occurring megafossils. Moreover, the present existence ofCercisimplies the genus was widespread in interior Asia during the early Neogene and shows its modern disjunction or diversification between eastern and central Asia was possibly shaped by the late Cenozoic regional tectonic uplift and consequential environmental deterioration.

A new genus and species of Tettigarctidae, Burmaprosbole nervosa gen. et sp. nov., with well-preserved wings is described from the mid-Cretaceous Myanmar amber. It can be distinguished from the other genera by its tegmen M with six branches, M3+4+5+6 strongly arched after nodal line, basal of M and CuA connecting by a relatively long cross vein, basal cell pentagonal, medial cell short and wide. Based on the fossil records of Tettigarctidae, we consider it is inappropriate to use the number of R branches as a diagnostic character in tettigarctids’ higher categories (superfamilies or tribes).

Psocoptera, commonly known as "barklice" or "booklice", have about 10 000 described species from all over the world. Although the Psocoptera are called "lice", they are not parasites, instead they are free living insects. Psocoptera have incomplete metamorphosis. Most male psocopterans perform a mating dance, and after fertilization, the female lays eggs under bark, leaves or a silk mat. Some barklice are gregarious, living in small colonies beneath a silk blanket spun with glands in their mouths. Interestingly, both adults and larvae can spin silk from these glands. The Psocoptera are classified into three suborders, Trogiomorpha (booklice), Troctomorpha (booklice), and Psocomorpha (barklice). Archipsyllids are distinguished by having elongated, oval forewings, about thrice as long as broad. The mouthparts of archipsyllids have some different characters from those of other barklice or booklice. Their mandibles are elongate, with long and narrow labra.

Psyllinae, a subfamily of Psyllidae, currently includes 29 genera (Burckhardt & Ouvrard, 2012; Ouvrard, 2018), of which Cacopsylla Ossiannilsson, 1970 is the most species-rich genus, distributed mainly in the Northern Hemisphere (Li, 2011; Ouvrard, 2018). In China, more than 300 extant species of Cacopsylla have been reported (Yang et al., 2004; Li, 2011; Luo et al., 2012, 2016). Based on recent molecular phylogenetic analyses, Cacopsylla in its current sense is a polyphyletic genus (Percy et al., 2018; Cho et al., 2019).

Psyllinae, a subfamily of Psyllidae, currently includes 29 genera (Burckhardt & Ouvrard, 2012; Ouvrard, 2018), of which Cacopsylla Ossiannilsson, 1970 is the most species-rich genus, distributed mainly in the Northern Hemisphere (Li, 2011; Ouvrard, 2018). In China, more than 300 extant species of Cacopsylla have been reported (Yang et al., 2004; Li, 2011; Luo et al., 2012, 2016). Based on recent molecular phylogenetic analyses, Cacopsylla in its current sense is a polyphyletic genus (Percy et al., 2018; Cho et al., 2019).

Psyllinae, a subfamily of Psyllidae, currently includes 29 genera (Burckhardt & Ouvrard, 2012; Ouvrard, 2018), of which Cacopsylla Ossiannilsson, 1970 is the most species-rich genus, distributed mainly in the Northern Hemisphere (Li, 2011; Ouvrard, 2018). In China, more than 300 extant species of Cacopsylla have been reported (Yang et al., 2004; Li, 2011; Luo et al., 2012, 2016). Based on recent molecular phylogenetic analyses, Cacopsylla in its current sense is a polyphyletic genus (Percy et al., 2018; Cho et al., 2019).

A new genus and new species, Longilanceolatus tenellus gen. et sp. nov., is described and assigned to the tribe Vetanthocorini of the fossil family Vetanthocoridae. In addition, a new species, Curvicaudus spinosus sp. nov., is also described. All specimens were collected from the Lower Cretaceous of the Yixian Formation at Huangbanjigou, Chaomidian Village, Beipiao City, Liaoning Province, northeastern China. Body size, ovipositor length, abdomen length, and other characters of eleven genera from the Middle Jurassic to Eocene are summarized. Comparison of body size of all specimens in the Vetanthocoridae and Anthocoridae (sensu lato) indicate a general trend toward smaller body size through their evolution. Moreover, Longilanceolatus, with uniquely long ovipositor, is related to a different type of oviposition compared with extant flower bugs.

A new Progonocimicidae species, Cicadocoris anisomeridis sp.n., with asymmetrical tegmina is described from the Middle Jurassic Jiulongshan Formation in northeastern China. This is the fifth report of Coleorrhyncha from China. A cladistic analysis based on a combination of fossil and extant taxa clarifies the phylogenetic status of the new fossils and allows the reconstruction of inter‐subfamily relationships within the suborder Coleorrhyncha. Coleorrhyncha is monophyletic and divided into two main clades. Progonocimicidae comprises a monophyletic lineage, to which the new fossils belong. The broadly conceived Progonocimicinae and Cicadocorinae, as recognized by earlier authors, are not supported. The monophyly of the family Karabasiidae is also not supported, and its two constituent subfamilies Hoploridiinae and Karabasiinae are raised to family rank. Hoploridiidae is found to be sister group to all extant moss bugs, and Karabasiidae is found to be the monophyletic sister group to Hoploridiidae + all extant moss bugs.

A new Progonocimicidae species, Cicadocoris anisomeridissp.n., with asymmetrical tegmina is described from the Middle Jurassic Jiulongshan Formation in northeastern China. This is the fifth report of Coleorrhyncha from China. A cladistic analysis based on a combination of fossil and extant taxa clarifies the phylogenetic status of the new fossils and allows the reconstruction of inter-subfamily relationships within the suborder Coleorrhyncha. Coleorrhyncha is monophyletic and divided into two main clades. Progonocimicidae comprises a monophyletic lineage, to which the new fossils belong. The broadly conceived Progonocimicinae and Cicadocorinae, as recognized by earlier authors, are not supported. The monophyly of the family Karabasiidae is also not supported, and its two constituent subfamilies Hoploridiinae and Karabasiinae are raised to family rank. Hoploridiidae is found to be sister group to all extant moss bugs, and Karabasiidae is found to be the monophyletic sister group to Hoploridiidae+all extant moss bugs. This published work has been registered in ZooBank, .

The Mesozoic hemipteran family Archegocimicidae Handlirsch is newly diagnosed and its fauna in China revised based on abundant new material. The complicated taxonomic history of the family is reviewed and the following taxonomic changes proposed: Propritergum opimum Zhang, Engel, Yao & Ren gen. et sp. nov.; Longianteclypea gen. nov.; Longianteclypea tibialis (Popov), comb. nov.; Mesolygaeus naevius (Hong), comb. nov.; Sinolygaeus Hong, synonym of Mesolygaeus Ping; and Enicocoris manlaicus Popov, Xishania fusiformis Hong, Jiaodongia maershanensis Hong, and Xishania? jiangxiensis Hong all synonyms of Mesolygaeus laiyangensis Ping. Living and fossil representatives of the infraorder Leptopodomorpha are coded for the first comprehensive phylogenetic analysis of the clade. The resulting cladogram supports the recognition of the constituent superfamilies Saldoidea and Leptopodoidea, the former containing Saldidae, Aepophilidae and Archegocimicidae, and the latter Palaeoleptidae, Omaniidae and Leptopodidae.http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:BCB8B92B-D67C-457F-A55F-10BF3A9D3D82

Blood-feeding insects, as vectors of disease for humans and livestock alike, have garnered significant interest [1, 2], but our understanding of their early evolution is hindered by the scarcity of available material and the difficulty in distinguishing early hematophages from non-blood-feeding relatives. Here, we report a new family of true bugs including two new genera and species from the Early Cretaceous Yixian Formation in Northeastern China. By utilizing geochemical methods for determining their diets and combining morphological and taphonomic data, we demonstrate that these new species represent the earliest evidence of blood feeding among, true bugs, extending the geological record of such lineages by approximately 30 million years. Remarkably, one of the bugs appears to have perished immediately following a blood meal, which may have been from coexisting mammals, birds, or avian-related dinosaurs. These records expand the phylogenetic and ecological diversity of blood-feeding insects in the Early Cretaceous, enriching our knowledge of paleoecological associations in these ancient environments.

A new genus Luculentsalda Zhang, Yao & Ren gen. nov. (type-species Luculentsalda maculosa Zhang, Yao & Ken sp. nov.) of Saldidae is described and illustrated. All the specimens were collected from Early Cretaceous Yixian Formation of Huangbanjigou, Beipiao City, Liaoning Province, China. New findings suggest that the subfamily Chiloxanthinae probably originated in the eastern part of Laurasia.

A new extinct family of Pentatomoidea, Primipentatomidae fam. nov., with four new genera and five new species (Primipentatoma peregrina gen. et sp. nov., Primipentatoma fangi gen. et sp. nov., Breviscutum lunatum gen. et sp. nov., Oropentatoma epichara gen. et sp. nov. and Quadrocoris radius gen. et sp. nov.), is described from the Upper Mesozoic deposits of north-eastern China. A cladistic analysis based on a combination of fossil and extant morphological characters clarifies the phylogenetic status of the new family and allows reconstruction of the interfamily relationships within the superfamily Pentatomoidea. Major conclusions of the phylogenetic analysis are: (1) the fossils represent a monophyletic group interpreted as the sister group to all Pentatomoidea exclusive of Saileriolidae + Urostylididae; (2) Urostylididae sensu lato is a paraphyletic group; (3) monophyly of Acanthosomatidae, Pentatomidae, Thyreocoridae, Dinidoridae, Phloeidae and Scutelleridae are strongly supported by high bootstrap values in the analysis, but the relationships among these families is less resolved; (4) monophyly of the Cydnidae was not supported. The time of origin of Pentatomoidea should be before the Early Cretaceous (125130 Ma), and may be as early as the Late or Middle Jurassic with a centre of origin in East Asia. http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:A432B387-E3A1-42D3-8051-867EB5108318

Yang, G., Yao, Y.Z. & Ren, D., iFirst. Poljanka strigosa, a new species of Protopsyllidiidae (Hemiptera, Sternorrhyncha) from the Middle Jurassic of China. Alcheringa, 1–6. ISSN 0311-5518. A new fossil species, Poljanka strigosa sp. nov., of the extinct family Protopsyllidiidae is described from the Middle Jurassic Jiulongshan Formation of Daohugou Village, Inner Mongolia, China. The new species is characterized by wings bearing long, stiff setae that are evident as stained impressions in the fine sedimentary rock. Comparison between Protopsyllidiidae and extant psylloids suggests that Protopsyllidiidae is probably closely related to extant psylloids.

A new genus Luculentsalda Zhang, Yao & Ren gen. nov. (type-species Luculentsalda maculosa Zhang, Yao & Ren sp. nov.) of Saldidae is described and illustrated. All the specimens were collected from Early Cretaceous Yixian Formation of Huangbanjigou, Beipiao City, Liaoning Province, China. New findings suggest that the subfamily Chiloxanthinae prob-ably originated in the eastern part of Laurasia.

Material belonging to a new fossil genus and species of caddisfly, Pulchercylindratus punctatus n. gen., n. sp., was collected from the Daohugou locality (Middle Jurassic, Jiulongshan Formation; Inner Mongolia, China). The new species is assigned to the Hydrobiosidae according to subcylindrical shape of the 2nd segment of maxillary palp, the forked R1 (in the forewing, located near apex), and long anal cells (in the forewing). In addition, we propose to transfer the genus Juraphilopotamus Wang, Zhao & Ren 2009, known from the same locality, to the family Hydrobiosidae, based on the 1st and 2nd segments of the maxillary palp being cylindrical, shorter than the 3rd segment. A Middle Jurassic origination of family Hydrobiosidae can be established based on the new discovery. doi:10.1002/mmng.201300005

Venustsalda locella gen. et sp. nov. is described and illustrated from the Lower Cretaceous Yixian Formation at Huangbanjigou Village, Liaoning Province, China. The new genus is established based on its unusual six cells on the membrane, with the second cell smallest.