Among chronic non-communicable diseases, which make a significant contribution to mortality rates in the developed countries of the world, the leading positions are occupied by diseases of the circulatory system. According to statistics, one million people a year die from cardiovascular diseases in Russia. In an extensive nosological group of diseases of the circulatory system, coronary heart disease is the main cause of death and disability in the adult population. The annual mortality from coronary heart disease among the population of Russia is 27 %. To date, the number of patients with coronary heart disease with comorbid pathology, especially with diseases of the hepatobiliary system, metabolic syndrome, is increasing. The prevalence of metabolically associated fatty liver disease is 20 to 30 % in the population and tends to increase. The combined course of metabolically associated fatty liver disease and coronary heart disease occurs in 14-18 % of cases. Objective: to determine the impact of metabolically associated fatty liver disease on the course of coronary heart disease and the possibility of correcting metabolic disorders to prevent the development of cardiovascular complications.Materials and methods. 35 patients with coronary heart disease and metabolically associated fatty liver disease were examined; they were noted to have more severe clinical course of stenocardia and higher risk of cardiovascular complications, then those patients without liver diseases.Results and its discussion. It was estimated, that using thiotriazoline and ursodeoxycholic acid in addition to standard medicamentous therapy improves clinical course of stenocardia as well as overall quality of life due to high antianginal and antioxidant effects. Conclusions. Hepatoprotective therapy increases possibility of correction of metabolic defects, dyslipidemia, decreases the risk of oxidative stress, prevents development of life threatening cardiovascular conditions and can be used to optimize treatment of comorbid patients.

Iron borate FeBO3 - a trigonal antiferromagnet with weak ferromagnetism - was used as a model object for experimental and theoretical studies of thermal expansion. X-ray diffraction analysis indicated that the character of the thermal expansion changes significantly when passing through the Neel point. In the magnetically ordered state below the phase transition temperature, the thermal changes in the crystal lattice parameters are addi-tionally affected by magnetostrictive deformations. A theoretical model was developed that allows interpreting experimental data and determining the magnetoelastic constants using X-ray diffraction analysis. Temperature dependences of some of the magnetoelastic constants of iron borate were determined, and the hitherto unknown constants were found. These data are essential to describe various phenomena associated with magnetoelastic interactions in magnetically ordered materials.

The routine execution of a fine-needle aspiration puncture biopsy is the most informative method for the preoperative diagnosis of thyroid neoplasms, as well as a promising base for improving molecular diagnostics in an endocrine surgery clinic in conjunction with a pathological laboratory. The aim of our work was a comparative analysis of the expression of cell cycle signaling molecules in various thyroid diseases: toxic goiter, adenomatous goiter, autoimmune thyroiditis and papillary cancer. We investigated the quantitative ratio of expression of apoptosis markers CD-95 (Fas-R) and Ki-67 mitosis detected in thyrocytes by immunocytochemistry and immunohistochemistry using standard protocols. The index Z = Fas / (Ki67 + 1) is proposed. The performed cluster analysis of the Z-index calculated on the basis of punctate immunocytochemistry material allowed us to identify a group of patients relatively uniform in value (in this group, after the operation, the diagnosis of papillary cancer was histologically confirmed in all patients). Marker expression values were 2,3–9,0 for Ki67 and 0,9–4,1 for Fas, and the Z-index was in the range 0,6–3,9. It can be useful for the differential diagnosis of thyroid cancer based on punctate material, which is important when deciding on the amount of surgical intervention, as well as in the morphological substantiation of the prognosis of the disease. Mathematical analysis showed that if the percentage of fissile nuclei visualized immunohistochemically with the Ki-67 marker is unpromising as a singular diagnostic indicator, then in combination with the apoptosis marker it plays an important role in a comprehensive assessment. These data are also interesting in the context of the pathophysiological pattern of inhibition of the expression of CD95 by tumor cells. This is important to justify the approaches of chemotherapy or immunotherapy of cancer of different tissue belonging.

In patients who have undergone coronavirus infection, decompensation of the course of chronic cardiovascular diseases, including arterial hypertension, is often observed, which is due to a number of their common pathogenetic mechanisms. To evaluate the comparative effectiveness of controlling arterial hypertension and improving the quality of life who underwent a new coronavirus infection. Totally 62 patients with arterial hypertension who had previously undergone coronavirus infection were examined. The criterion for inclusion in the study was a decrease in blood pressure control on the background of previously effective two-component therapy. Depending on the heart rate at rest, the patients were divided into two groups. In both groups, triple antihypertensive therapy was used as a second step. In the first group - a combination of perindopril 5 mg, indapamide 2.5 mg, amlodipine 5 mg. The second group included patients with a heart rate of more than 80 beats per minute, perindopril 5 mg, bisoprolol 5 mg, amlodipine 5 mg. The antihypertensive efficacy of the studied drug combinations was analyzed according to the data of 24-hour blood pressure monitoring. During the treatment of arterial hypertension, the dynamics of quality-of-life indicators was analyzed. A study of 24-hour monitoring and blood pressure variability in both groups of patients with coronavirus infection demonstrated the lack of effective blood pressure control. The use of the analyzed variants of three-component therapy made it possible to achieve the target level of blood pressure in 89.6% and 93.9% of cases, respectively. In both study groups, the achievement of office blood pressure control was accompanied by a statistically significant decrease in all its daily parameters. On the background of antihypertensive therapy in both groups of the study, there was a significant and reliable (p<0.05) increase in all parameters for assessing the quality of life, which reflects the effectiveness of the treatment of arterial hypertension in patients who have had a coronavirus infection in increasing satisfaction with their lives and improving social functioning. Therapy with the use of perindopril, bisoprolol, amlodipine was accompanied by the achievement of significantly (p<0.05) higher rates of mental and physical health components.

Fe 1-x Me x BO 3 (Me = Al, Sc) single crystals have been synthesized by flux growth technique using B 2 O 3 -PbO-PbF 2 solvent and approach of identical synthesis conditions. The contents of the diamagnetic ions Me in the initial charge of both compositions were equal, xcharge=0.05. The exact contents and crystal lattice parameters of the synthesized crystals were determined by X-ray fluorescence analysis and X-ray diffraction, respectively.

Random number generators (RNGs) are an essential ingredient of modern cryptographic systems. Particular attention is paid today to a special class of RNGs – quantum RNGs, which are attracting close attention of researchers due to the explosive development of quantum key distribution systems, where the use of quantum randomness is a necessary security requirement. A large number of various quantum entropy sources have been proposed over the last 10-15 years. Most of them are based on the use of different quantum optics phenomena, particularly, on the effects occurring in semiconductor lasers. This choice is due to the relatively low cost and ease of use of such devices and the high random bit generation rate available with optical QRNGs. Motivated by these reasons, we study in the present research the QRNG based on variations of light polarization in a vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL). The scheme we propose allows creating an extremely compact and fast optical QRNG, consisting essentially of only a laser and a polarizing beam splitter. We revealed that it is possible to ensure the pulsed operation of a VCSEL in a bistable regime, which is characterized by random switch of light polarization. We show, however, that probabilistic properties of such laser pulses significantly depend on the internal laser parameters as well as on its operating mode. Understanding these properties is fundamentally important for the correct assessment of the quantum noise contribution and, consequently, for the subsequent post-processing of digitized random sequences.

A flux growth technique for synthesizing Ga1-xNixBO3 single crystals with x up to 0.0012 has been developed. Nickel vs. gallium contents and lattice parameters of synthesized crystals have been determined by X-ray fluorescence and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, respectively. It has been found that with increasing nickel contents another crystalline phase appears. XRD studies have shown that this phase corresponds to NiGa2O4 spinel.

The article is devoted to the study of the relationship between climatic conditions of construction, installation and repair during the operation of industrial technical systems and the structure and properties of welded joints of structural steels. It has been established that the main technological factor affecting the crystallization of the weld metal from the melt is the heat input transmitted by the heating source - an electric arc, during welding at all intervals of the formation of one-piece joints. The research results made it possible to justify the conditions under which the formation of one-piece compounds occurs. The frequency ranges of controlled heat input, that maintain a specified set of welded joints mechanical properties are determined.

The phase and chemical composition of the sample of Campo del Cielo meteorite were studied by X-ray diffraction and X-ray fluorescence analysis. Troilite (FeS) was detected as sulfide inclusions in the sample. Structural parameters including fine structure parameters of troilite were investigated. It was found that dispersion makes the main contribution to the imperfection of the troilite crystal structure.

The development of a special technology of welding at low temperatures is an urgent scientific and technical challenge aimed at solving the problems of increasing the reliability and safety of products of equipment and structures operated under conditions of the North and the Arctic. One of the perspective technologies is pulsed arc welding. The structure of the heat- affected zones (HAZ) of welded joints produced by pulsed arc welding at an ambient temperature of 45 degrees Celsius below zero was studied. Two frequency modes were applied during modulated-current welding, and the results obtained were compared with the traditional method of manual arc welding with direct current. The features of the influence of the modulation frequency of the welding current and the temperature of the welding performance on the microstructure of the HAZ of 09G2S steel welded joints are revealed.

The morphology, structure and chemical composition of sulfide grains in meteorite Dronino was studied by X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, X-ray fluorescence analysis, optical and scanning electron microscopy. The sulfide minerals such as troilite, pyrite, and pentlandite were found in the sample of Dronino meteorite. The chemical composition of troilite from Dronino appeared to be non-stoichiometric - Fe0.9924S.

Study of the anomalous behavior of the linear thermal expansion coefficient near the antiferromagnetic phase transitions in iron borate crystals FeBO3 are reported. The lattice parameters and volume of FeBO3 have been measured in the temperature range 25–300˚C by the X-ray diffraction method. The thermal expansion is evidently sharply anisotropic and spike near the Néel temperature.

The morphology, texture and chemical composition of sulfide grains in the Chelyabinsk LL5, Northwest Africa 869 L4-6 and Gao-Guenie H5 ordinary chondrite fragments were studied by X-ray diffraction, optical microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. A measurable amount of Cu was revealed in the sulfide phase of the Chelyabinsk LL5 meteorite as in the pentlandite inclusions within troilite, as in bulk chemical analysis of troilite. The difference in the morphology of sulfides in the meteorite fragments supposed to be due to differences in the conditions of their formation.

В работе методами оптической и растровой электронной микроскопии, а также рентгеноструктурного анализа был исследован химический и минеральный состав железосодержащих фаз метеоритов разных типов и химических групп. Обнаружены следующие структуры металлических фаз, такие как зерна камасита, тэнита, структура плессита, линии Неймана. В каменных метеоритах на границе раздела металл-троилит выявлены включения металлической меди.

In this paper, the microstructure of metal borates grown by the solution-melt crystallization method was determined by X-ray diffraction broadening analysis. XRD measurements of the calcite-type borates were carried out using X-ray diffractometers SmartLab Rigaku and DRON-3 with Cu K-alpha radiation. The Williamson-Hall analysis and Debye-Sherrer method were used to study the individual contributions of crystallite sizes and strain on the peak broadening of FeBO3, InBO3 and GaBO3. The crystallite sizes of the FeBO3 and GaBO3 calculated on the Williamson-Hall plots are in good agreement with the Scherrer method. We have also investigated the temperature dependence of crystallite size and strain in FeBO3. It was found that the temperature increased in the value of crystallite size and strain, indicating that the ordering of the crystal structure in iron borate with heat processing.

The statistical characteristics of light scattering on textured polymer coatings of rolled metal surface are studied on the base screen model with two-dimensional Weierstrass function. In the frame of the Kirchhoff method, the average light scattering and gloss coefficients are numerically calculated for different coating surface calibration (profiles) and falling angles. It is shown; that the scattering is symmetrical relatively to the plane of incidence and it is maximal in the direction theta(3) = 0. The scattering wave is observed in the cone of lateral directions relatively the nounal direction theta(2) = 0. For such coatings it is nessesary to develop a special convergence experimental technique allowing identifying a correspondence between the gloss and the texture of the surface

The Chelyabinsk LL5 and NWA 869 L4-6 meteorites were studied by X-ray diffraction, optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Different features of the metal structure such as plessite structure, Neimann bands and metal-troilite eutectics were observed. Inclusions of metallic copper were revealed in Chelyabinsk LL5 and NWA 869 L4-6 mainly associated with metallic Fe-Ni and troilite phases. The copper inclusions were considered to be formed by decomposition process from the taenite solid solution during slow cooling.