Anatomical and physiological ocular surface barriers are responsible for low bioavailability of topical ophthalmic drugs. The unique structure of the cornea, epithelial cells and hydrophilic stroma in particular, impedes permeation of hydro- and lipophilic drugs via common routs of administration. The tear film with its proteins and enzymes also acts as a barrier. Despite several corneal transporters that take part in permeation of some drugs, increasing bioavailability of ophthalmic drugs in general remains a question of current importance. Liposomes are an option. These vesicular structures consist of the outer lipid bilayer and the inner aqueous compartment, which can be filled with a medication solution. This peculiarity of liposomes ensures their penetration through both hydro- and lipophilic mediums of the eye, including the barriers of the anterior and posterior segments. Liposomes are effective means of vectored drug delivery into the anterior chamber. This paper presents a review of the current knowledge on the interaction of drugs and ocular surface barriers as well as the prospects for the use of liposomes for transcorneal drug delivery.

Comparative study of postoperative analgesia and sedation with trimeperidineand dexmedetomidine and their effects on haemodynamics and vegetative nervous system was performed. Assessment of analgesia and sedation during vagotonia (first part of the study) and hypokinetic type of haemodynamics (second part of the study) was carried out with visual analogue scale (VAS) and Richmond scale. Results of the study showed that dexmedetomidine is more effective and safer than trimeperidine for analgesia and sedation in patients with spontaneous breathing after abdominal surgery. Dexmedetomidine use allows keeping optimal type of haemodynamics and vegetative nervous system parameters on first day of postoperative period.

Comparative study of postoperative analgesia and sedation with trimeperidine and dexmedetomidine and their effects on haemodynamics and vegetative nervous system was performed. Assessment of analgesia and sedation during vagotonia (first part of the study) and hypokinetic type of haemodynamics (second part of the study) was carried out with visual analogue scale (VAS) and Richmond scale. Results of the study showed that dexmedetomidine is more effective and safer than trimeperidine for analgesia and sedation in patients with spontaneous breathing after abdominal surgery. Dexmedetomidine use allows keeping optimal type of haemodynamics and vegetative nervous system parameters on first day of postoperative period.

A procedure has been developed to prepare the nanosomal formulations of rifampicin and gatifloxacin based on a copolymer of lactic and glycolic acids. Murine experiments tested the antituberculosis activity of the drugs versus conventional drugs. It evaluated their bacteriostatic activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis in the blood and lung homogenates taken at definite time points after the experimental nanosomal samples of rifampicin or gatifloxacin and their standard dosage forms were administered to mice. The antituberculosis activity of nanosomal rifampicin in the lung was ascertained to be twice higher than that of reference rifampicin within 2 hours after intravenous injection. As compared to the enteral administration of gatifloxacin substance in particular, the intravenous injection of nanosomal gatifloxacin was shown to provide a higher bacteriostatic activity against M. tuberculosis in the blood and lung tissue.

Paclitaxel-loaded poly(lactic-glycolic) copolymer nanoparticles have been prepared using a precipitation technique. The cytotoxic activity of nanosomal paclitaxel was studied on the model of highly resistant cell line Jurkat WT (human T-cell leukemia) using various biochemical assays. It is found that the inhibitory concentration (IC50) for the experimental formulation of paclitaxel falls within 10(-4)-10(-6) M. Accumulation of nanoparticles in the highly resistant Jurkat/WT cells was revealed by fluorescence microscopy.

Было проведено изучение безопасности применения препарата из биомассы культуры ткани жень- шеня на лабораторных животных в остром и хроническом опыте. В качестве тестов использовались стандартные методы лекарственной токсикологии: функциональные, гематологические, биохимиче- ские, гистологические, иммунные, интегральные и др. В результате была доказана высокая безопас- ность и низкая токсичность изучаемого препарата. he study of the drug from biological substance of the tissue culture of ginceng of safety in laboratory animals in acute and chronic experiments was conducted. Standart methods of drug toxicology was used: functional, hematological, biochemical, histological, immune, integrated etc. In result the high safety and low toxicity of the investigational product has been proved.

The basis groups of nano-dimentional system as transportagens of medicinal preparations are studied. The comparative analysis of Structure delivery unites by characteristic features used material and stability is carried out. The Possible features of its using in other systems of medicine are proposed

In the article most, at present, widely widespread directions in technology of reception nanosystems of delivery of biologically active agents are considered. Features of process of manufacture depending on the chosen structural making materials and of some basic farmako-technology factors are specified, influence of physical and chemical parameters on formation of the set properties of systems of delivery is studied