Constructing an ecological security pattern balances ecological environmental protection with high-quality economic and social development. In this study， Guizhou Province is taken as the research area， and four ecosystem services functions-water production， soil conservation， habitat quality， and carbon sequestration-are evaluated. The optimal scenario identifies the priority protection area， representing the ecological source area， based on an ordered weighted average model. Ecological corridors are extracted using circuit theory to construct the ecological security pattern. The results show that： ① By setting and comparing the trade-off degree and protection efficiency under seven risk scenarios， the most optimal scenario was scenario 3， which had a low risk coefficient （α=0.5） and a relatively balanced background of the four ecosystem services. In this scenario， the protection efficiency of the four ecosystem services improved to varying degrees. ② The total area of ecological source areas was 29 688.72 km2， accounting for 16.85% of the total area of the study region， and its spatial distribution showed a pattern of concentration around the borders of the province and sparsity in the central area. ③ The total number of ecological corridors was 876， with a total length of 37 637.16 km， showing a "web-like" distribution， dense in the southeast and sparse in the northwest. ④ The eastern and southeastern parts of Guizhou were identified as ecologically important areas， the central part was an ecological control area， and the western part was an ecological improvement area. Additionally， a regional ecological development pattern of "three zones and two belts" was proposed， which includes major ecological corridors and ecological corridor restoration belts， providing scientific support for constructing and zoning the ecological security pattern of Guizhou.

Exploring the spatial and temporal differentiation patterns and driving factors of ecosystem service supply and demand in complex mountainous and hilly subsoil is of great significance for optimizing the regional ecological security pattern and sustainable development. Taking Chongqing as the research object, the spatial and temporal evolution characteristics of ecosystem service supply and demand in Chongqing from 2000 to 2020 and their driving factors were systematically revealed by using the InVEST model, the spatial autocorrelation analysis method, and the XGBoost-SHAP model. The results show that: ① The urban clusters of the Three Gorges Reservoir area in northeast Chongqing and the Wuling Mountain Area in southeast Chongqing exhibited a "high supply-low demand" pattern, while the main city metropolitan area exhibited a "low supply-high demand" pattern. From 2000 to 2020, carbon sequestration, habitat quality, and recreational supply declined, while water production and soil conservation supply first declined and then increased. Demand for carbon sequestration, water production, habitat quality, and recreation increased, while demand for soil conservation first declined and then increased. ② The supply and demand of ecosystem services in Chongqing maintained a dynamic balance in general, but the supply and demand deficits continued to expand in the main city metropolitan area, while the surpluses in the southeast and northeast areas of Chongqing remained stable. ③ The I of the ratio of ecosystem services supply to demand in 2000, 2010, and 2020 were 0.674, 0.666, and 0.679, respectively, with significant positive correlation in the space. The distribution characteristics were dominated by high-high aggregation and low-low aggregation, with high-high aggregation concentrated in the ecological barrier areas such as Chengkou County and Nanchuan District and low-low aggregation concentrated in the urbanization core areas such as Yuzhong District and Shapingba District. ④The XGBoost-SHAP model indicated that precipitation, urbanization rate, industrial output value, and the proportion of agricultural output value were the key driving factors influencing the relationship between supply and demand. The results can provide scientific references for regional ecological protection, ecological zoning control, and sustainable development.

As a critical ecological barrier in the upper reaches of the Two Rivers, Southwest China exhibits high habitat heterogeneity and significant urban-rural disparities. Investigating the coupling coordination relationship between ecosystem service supply-demand balance and human well-being is of great significance for regional sustainable development. Taking prefecture-level cities in the southwestern region as study units, this research measured the supply-demand relationships of five key ecosystem services: grain yield, carbon sequestration, water yield, soil conservation, and habitat quality. Combined with human well-being indicators, the study employed coupling coordination models and spatial autocorrelation analysis to reveal the spatiotemporal coupling patterns and spatial association characteristics of ecosystem service supply-demand and human well-being from 2000 to 2022. The results indicate: ① During the study period, the supply of grain yield and carbon sequestration increased, while water yield, soil conservation, and habitat quality supply declined. Demand for carbon sequestration, water yield, and habitat quality grew, whereas grain yield and soil conservation demand decreased. The supply-demand ratios of grain yield and soil conservation rose, while those of carbon sequestration, water yield, and habitat quality declined. Overall, ecosystem services maintained an ecological surplus (supply > demand) with significant spatial heterogeneity, with the Chengdu-Chongqing urban agglomeration and other high-intensity human activity areas showing a "low supply-high demand" deficit pattern, while western Sichuan and the Yunnan-Guizhou plateau maintained surplus conditions. ② The average human well-being index across southwestern prefectures at six temporal nodes was 0.207, 0.219, 0.248, 0.304, 0.356, and 0.371 respectively, demonstrating continuous improvement. ③ The coupling coordination degree between ecosystem service supply-demand and human well-being increased from 0.520 to 0.772, indicating significant improvement in their synergistic relationship and a shift toward more sustainable socio-economic and natural environment interactions. ④ During the study period, the global Moran's I values of the coupling coordination degree at the six time nodes were 0.486, 0.504, 0.438, 0.402, 0.414, and 0.306, respectively. The coupling coordination degree exhibited a significant positive spatial correlation, though both the spatial dependence and clustering characteristics showed a weakening trend. This indicates a gradual reduction in spatial heterogeneity and an evolution of the regional development pattern toward greater equilibrium. The research findings can provide a scientific basis for optimizing ecological conservation redlines, establishing differentiated ecological compensation mechanisms in Southwest China, and promoting harmonious coexistence between humans and nature.

Guizhou Province is an important ecological barrier in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River and the Pearl River. Karst landform in Guizhou is developed, with fragile ecological background. The ecological risk assessment and control of Karst landform are of great significance to ecological security and sustainable development of southwest China and the upper reaches of those two rivers. Based on the InVEST model and vigor-organization-resi-lience model, we quantitatively evaluated the ecosystem services and ecosystem health and constructed the ecological risk assessment model of Guizhou Province. With the help of GIS technology, spatial autocorrelation analysis method and gravity center migration model, we analyzed the spatial and temporal variations of ecological risk in Guizhou Province from 2000 to 2020. The results showed that ecosystem services in Guizhou Province increased from 2000 to 2020, with an annual average growth rate of 0.3%. The ecosystem health status was generally well and showed a good trend, and the annual average growth rate of ecosystem health was 12.6%. The ecological risk was dominated by medium ecological risk. The proportion of extremely low ecological risk area and low ecological risk area increased, the proportion of medium and above ecological risk area decreased, and the overall ecological risk showed a downward trend. The low ecological risk areas were mainly located in the south and southeast of Guizhou Province, while the high ecological risk areas were distributed in the central, western and northern parts of Guizhou Province. The global Moran's I of ecological risk in 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2020 were 0.856, 0.836, 0.844, 0.804, and 0.768, respectively, indicating that the positive correlation of ecological risk in spatial distribution, but the spatial correlation and spatial agglomeration characteristics were weakened. During the study period, the centroid and trajectory of ecological risk in Guizhou Province were consistent with the distribution area of its corresponding ecological risk. From 2000 to 2020, the spatial distribution pattern of ecological risk in Guizhou Pro-vince was relatively stable. With the evolution of time, the dispersion of spatial distribution of extremely high ecological risk and low ecological risk increased. Ecological risk assessment based on ecosystem services and ecosystem health would provide scientific basis for regional ecological risk management and control.

Building a reasonable ecological security network is a key for the coordinated solution in the contradiction between ecological protection and economic development. Taking Guizhou Province with typical karst development and a weak ecological background as an example， the cultivated land protection scenario， ecological protection scenario， and natural development scenario in 2030 were simulated based on the PLUS model. According to the landscape ecological risk index， landscape ecological security zones were divided into different scenarios， ecological source areas were identified by the ecological security zoning results and the InVEST-MSPA model， and ecological corridors and ecological pinch points were extracted by the circuit theory， to form an ecological security network for Guizhou Province in 2020 and 2030. The results showed that： ① The mean values of landscape ecological risks in 2020 and 2030 were relatively small， but the spatial distribution of ecological security zones was quite different， and ecological risks were generally higher in the northwest and lower in the southeast. ② The spatial distribution of ecological source areas was greater in the southeast and less in the northwest， which was consistent with the ecological risk pattern. The ecological sources were mainly patches with high habitat quality and strong landscape connectivity. ③ The number of ecological corridors extracted in 2020 （current situation） and in the 2030 cultivated land protection scenario， ecological protection scenario， and natural development scenario were 126， 56， 113， and 126， respectively； the number of ecological pinch points identified were 107， 67， 104， and 168， respectively； and the numbers of obstacle points identified were 54， 24， 69， and 69， respectively. ④ Guizhou Province is one of the three leading demonstration provinces of ecological civilization construction in China， and the protection of the fragile ecological environment is highly restrictive to economic development. The landscape ecological risk under the natural development scenario was low， and the layout of ecological safety network was more realistic； thus， this scenario met the two-way needs of ecological protection and economic development in Guizhou Province. The research results can provide a scientific reference for the division of the ecological safety zone and ecological security control in Guizhou Province in the future.

【Objective】 This paper is to propose a method to optimize ecological space zoning and develop scientific management strategies for watersheds. The focus is on clarifying the synergies and trade-offs among mountains, waters, forests, farmlands, lakes, and grasslands. 【Method】 The study takes the Hongfeng Lake watershed as a case study. It is a typical watershed consisting of mountains, water, forests, fields, lakes and grasses. Quantitative and qualitative methods were used to calculates synergies and trade-offs between these sub-ecosystems at both basin scale and local scale. The ecological zoning in the watershed was analyzed by considering the synergistic relationships between mountains, waters, forests, farmlands, lakes and grasslands. 【Result】 The study revealed significant spatial variation in ecological zones within the studied areas. It identified contrasting spatial relationships in the distribution of synergies and trade-offs, particularly between water and other subsystems, as defined by the water intersection line. Key findings include differentiated ecological protection roles of forests and grasslands, high pollution risks facing lakes, and the reliance on rainfall for agriculture outside regions where lakes effectively manage water storage. The watershed was classified into nine ecological control zones, including urban water source protection zones and ecological agricultural zones along the lake and its tributaries. Additionally, mountain areas were designated as ecological industrial development and conservation zones, water source conservation zones, and geo-hazard risk zones. 【Conclusion】 By analyzing the coordination and trade-offs among various ecological components, this study ensures the maximization of ecological diversity within each zoning type. The findings highlight the need for tailored management strategies across different zones to address their unique ecological needs and challenges.

Paddy fields are recognized as significant sources of methane(CH4)emissions,playing a pivotal role in global climate change.Elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide(CO2)concentrations(e[CO2])exert a profound influence on the carbon cycling of paddy fields.Understanding the effects of e[CO2]on CH4 emissions,as well as the underlying microbial processes,is crucial for enhancing carbon sequestration and reducing emissions in paddy fields.We reviewed the impacts of e[CO2]on CH4 emission in paddy fields,focusing on the activity,abundance,community structure,and diversity of carbon-cycling-related microbes.We also delineated the roles of various microbial processes in mitigating CH4 emissions under e[CO2],as well as the primary environmental determinants.Overall,the type of e[CO2]experimental platforms,duration of fumigation,concentration gradients,and the methods of CO2 enrichment all influence CH4 emissions from paddy fields.e[CO2]initially stimulates CH4 emis-sions,which may decrease over time,indicating an adaptability of the methane-emitting microbial community to e[CO2].This response exhibits a trend of initial attenuation followed by an intensification of the positive effects on CH4 emissions.Experiments with abrupt increase of CO2 concentration might overestimate CH4 emissions.The impact of e[CO2]on microbial processes is predominantly characterized by enhanced activities and abundance of methanogens,aerobic and anaerobic methanotrophs.It significantly alters the community composition and diversity of methanotrophs,with minimal effects on methanogens and anaerobic methanotrophic communities.Finally,we outlined future research directions:1)Integrated investigations into the effects of e[CO2]on CH4 emissions,methanogenesis,and both aerobic and anaerobic methanotrophs in paddy fields could elucidate the mechanisms underlying the impacts of climate change on CH4 emissions;2)Long-term studies are essential to understand the mechanisms of e[CO2]on CH4 emissions and associated microbial processes more accurately and realistically;3)Multi-scale(temporal and spatial),multi-factorial(CO2 concentration,temperature,atmospheric nitrogen deposi-tion,and water management practices),and multi-methodological(observational,data,and model integration)research is necessary to effectively reduce the uncertainties in assessing the response of CH4 emissions in paddy fields and related microbial processes to e[CO2]under future climate change scenarios.

乌江流域是长江上游重要的水源涵养区和生态屏障,基于InVEST模型中水源涵养和水质净化模块,利用2000-2020 年3期土地利用为数据源,对乌江流域水源涵养、水质净化服务时空变化及其土地利用变化响应进行了分析.结果表明:(1)乌江流域平均水源涵养总量达到 449.13×109 m3,在时间上呈现先减少后增加的趋势,空间上呈现由西到东逐渐递增特征.不同土地利用类型中水源涵养能力大小依次为草地＞林地＞耕地;(2)水质净化方面,2000-2020 年总氮(TN)年均输出总量均在 3.2×104 t以上;总磷(TP)年均输出总量均在 3.0×102 t以上,高强度输出区域主要分布在耕地覆盖区域,低强度输出区域主要分布在林地、草地覆盖区域;(3)流域土地利用变化对水源涵养、水质净化的响应主要体现在作用强度、面积变化、转化类型等方面,草地、林地与水源涵养和水质净化呈明显的正相关关系,耕地与水质净化呈负相关关系.研究有助于山区生态服务研究的发展,结果可为乌江流域土地利用格局优化调整和水质保护、水污染控制、水资源配置提供科学依据.

明晰山水林(草)田湖人景生命共同体的耦合协调状况可为探索区域人与自然和谐共生模式和区域高质量发展提供参考.通过构建山水林(草)田湖人景耦合协调评价体系,运用耦合协调度模型对贵州两湖一库地区及各区县山水林(草)田湖人景的耦合协调状况进行诊断分析.结果表明:1)2010-2020 年,研究区整体的耦合协调度较低,处于基本协调等级.其中,观山湖区由初级协调型上升到中级协调型,花溪区由中级协调型退化到初级协调型,云岩区从勉强协调型下降到濒临失调型,而清镇市、平坝区和南明区较为稳定.2)区域整体上子系统发展不平衡,水子系统较好,而林(草)子系统发展较差.3)从区县尺度来看,大部分区县都存在明显的子系统短板:主城区是林和湖子系统,非主城区则相对均衡一些,但个别区县的人子系统发展较差.

为揭示 FAST 工程的建成对宁静区及区内不同圈层生态环境的影响,并为区域未来的生态保护和风险防范提供一定参考,以 2000、2010、2020年土地利用数据为基础,利用景观干扰度和脆弱度指数构筑评价模型来分析该区域 2000～2020 年景观格局及生态风险的演变特征.结果表明:林地、草地、耕地为FAST宁静区的优势景观类型,前 10a景观变化以草地、耕地向林地转化为主,人类活动相对较弱;后 10a建设用地快速增加,三个圈层综合动态度皆有所上升,景观变化渐活跃但仍处于较低可控水平;FAST宁静区以低、较低、中生态风险区为主,核心区、中间区生态风险低,但受FAST工程影响有上升趋势,边远区生态风险变化表现为"两极下降,中间升高"的纺锤状;FAST宁静区生态风险呈空间正相关且相关性越渐显著,分布特征以"高-高"聚集和"低-低"聚集为主.

Traditional villages have received widespread attention from all walks of life based on important carriers of Chinese rural culture. The mutual superposition of natural and cultural factors may exacerbate the evolution of traditional village geographical patterns. To understand such relationships and effects, factors and degrees influencing traditional villages need to be determined. Here, we analysed the data of 724 traditional villages in Guizhou recognised by relevant national ministries and commissions in China using average nearest neighbour analysis, Tyson polygon analysis, nuclear density analysis and Geodector. The geographic pattern feature revealed that traditional villages, in general, are highly clustered regionally and have significant edge effects on administrative units. Different substrate environments result in significant spatial heterogeneity in village spatial density, clustering, surface undulation, sun exposure, and waterfront. The geographic pattern of traditional villages is mostly affected by the closest distance to river valleys, the types and number of intangible cultural heritage resources in the county, river gorge density, edge effect index, degree of county ethnic language use, and proportion of paddy fields to the regional area; and their combined effects influence and control the community structure. The results highlight the impact of nature and culture on the distribution of traditional villages, which helps traditional village conservation and scientific exploration of human-land relationship issues in the mountainous areas of Southwest China.

利用均方差决策法、 修正耦合协调度模型分析重庆主城12新区2010—2019年间城乡融合水平变化特征及城乡融合各子系统间的耦合协调状况,并利用地理探测器模型探究其耦合协调度的影响因素.结果表明:12个区县的城乡融合发展水平总体上呈上升趋势;从时间演变来看,城乡融合子系统的耦合度和协调度总体均呈波动上升趋势,从空间演变来看,主城12新区各区县城乡融合子系统的耦合度与协调度较高的区域主要集中在其西部;海拔高度、建成区面积占比、人均GDP、非农产业产值占比、农村人均纯收入是影响其耦合协调发展的主要因素,经济因子的影响力总体上高于自然、空间因子,但后者的影响力有增强趋势.

基于2013—2019年重庆三峡库区15个区县的面板数据,从经济、 社会、 生活、 生态4个维度构建城乡融合综合评价指标体系,定量测度库区城乡融合发展水平,并运用熵值法、探索性空间数据分析法等方法分析其时空变化特征.结果表明:重庆三峡库区城乡融合水平综合得分由2013年的0.301升至2019年的0.584,库区整体城乡融合水平提高,其中生活、生态融合维度发展较快,经济融合维度稳步提升,社会融合维度发展较慢;重庆三峡库区城乡融合水平空间格局呈现出西南高-东北低、地域分异显著的特征,城乡融合发展存在正向的集聚和依存特征,库区内部高高值和低低值集聚现象凸显.

Based on the county-level panel data of 15 counties（districts） in the reservoir area, an evaluation index system for urban-rural integration development is constructed from the perspectives of population, society, economy and space. Based on the methods and models such as instrument, the temporal and spatial differentiation characteristics and influencing factors of the urban-rural integration development in the Chongqing reservoir area of Three Gorges from 2007 to 2020 were analyzed. The results show that:（1） From 2007 to 2020, the overall level of urban-rural integration development in the Chongqing reservoir area showed an upward trend, and the development process of urban-rural integration in different dimensions was asynchronous;（2） The urban-rural integration development showed significant regional differences and spatial agglomeration.（3） The influence of social and economic factors on the development level of urban-rural integration in Chongqing reservoir area is generally higher than that of natural factors, but with the development of urban-rural integration, the latter’s influence is relatively prominent.

[目的]农业用水的可持续利用关系到区域农业绿色发展及社会经济高质量发展.[方法]文章基于2010-2018年长江经济带11省市的面板数据,运用超效率EBM模型对长江经济带农业用水经济效率、环境效率及绿色效率进行测度,并借助核密度估计及ArcGIS空间分析等方法分析其时空演变规律,最后利用地理探测器模型探究其影响因素.[结果](1)2010-2018年长江经济带11省市农业用水经济效率、环境效率及绿色效率的总体效率值分别为0.879、0.933、0.939,农业用水的绿色效率高于环境效率和经济效率,即农业用水产生了较好的社会效益.(2)近9年长江经济带11省市农业用水经济效率、环境效率及绿色效率总体平均值均呈轻微波动下降趋势,农业用水科学利用问题需得到进一步的重视.(3)长江经济带下游地区农业用水绿色效率均值最高,中游地区次之,上游地区最低.其中上海市农业用水绿色效率多年均值最高(1.206),云南省最低(0.513),地区差异较显著,但核密度估计显示2010-2018年区域内农业用水绿色效率差距在缩小,总体上呈均衡协调发展趋势.(4)城镇化水平、R&D占比、人均节水灌溉面积、单位国内生产总值耗水、人均教育财政支出、人均水资源量等是长江经济带农业用水绿色效率差异的主要影响因素.[结论]研究长江经济带农业水资源绿色效率并探究其影响因素,可以为推动长江经济带农业用水绿色可持续利用提供某些参考.

赤水河流域在人类活动影响下,属于典型的生态脆弱区和水土侵蚀敏感区,水土流失严重且已影响到水质及周边生态环境安全.研究筛选降水侵蚀力(R)、土壤质地(K)、坡度坡向(LS)和地表覆盖(C)为水土流失敏感性影响因子,同时参考研究区石漠化分布情况,运用GIS技术研究贵州赤水河流域8个市县水土流失敏感性空间分布情况,引入水土流失潜在危险指数(SEPDI)评价水土流失敏感危险性.经过研究得出以下结论:①研究区水土流失敏感性属于中等偏上,其中中度和重度敏感区之和占总面积的63％;②各市县水土流失敏感危险性差异较大,危险性最大的是桐梓县,SEPDI为5.36,最小的是赤水市,SEPDI为3.4;③研究区水土流失潜在敏感性随坡度增加先增加后减少,25°～35°SEPDI达到峰值,35.以上的SEPDI下降,这是由于研究区地貌主要为高原山地,人类在8°～35.活动频繁,35.以上人类活动减少、植被增加,水土流失敏感危险性下降;④耕地与未利用用地水土流失风险性更高,土壤表面的覆盖对水土保持至关重要.

Water resource vulnerability in ecologically vulnerable karst areas is a key issue for regional sustainable development and the sustainable use of water resources. In this study, geographical information system (GIS) and remote sensing (RS) technology were employed to explore the vulnerability characteristics and spatial distribution of water resources in Guiyang City. The water resource vulnerability indicator in Guiyang ranged from 0.10 to 0.59, with an average value of 0.26. Yanglongsi Town, in Xifeng County, in the northern and main central urban area exhibited the highest water resource vulnerability, whereas Huaxi District in the south, and regions around Hongfeng Lake and Baihua Lake, in Qingzhen City, exhibited the lowest water resource vulnerability. Water resource vulnerability was predominantly mild, accounting for 35.85% of the total land area, followed by moderate (28.99%), with some non-vulnerable areas (13.60%) and very few extremely vulnerable areas (3.20%). Compared with traditional methods, the proposed index selection and assessment method, based on GIS/RS, are both scientific and intuitive. In addition, the results are presented in detail, accurately reflecting the actual situation of water resource system vulnerability.

以武陵山区腹地城市铜仁市149处旅游资源(含A级景区)数据为基础,利用ArcGIS平均最近邻指数、泰森多边形、核密度分析以及空间分析技术,开展旅游资源的空间分布格局研究,构建区域生态旅游资源开发适宜性评价体系,探讨铜仁市生态旅游开发适宜性特征及其空间差异.研究结果表明:①铜仁市旅游资源在各区县间分布差异较大,江口县、碧江区、石阡县、德江县和思南县的旅游资源数量占到整个研究区数量的70％以上,整体上呈现"南密北疏"的特点,ArcGIS空间最近邻指数为0.55,泰森多边形检验其变异系数达99.34％,旅游资源呈现显著的集聚空间分布特征.②铜仁市生态旅游开发适宜性指数在1.31～6.03,生态旅游适宜性划分为四级,其中高度适宜区占铜仁市国土总面积20.85％,最适宜区占比7.65％;一般适宜区占比37.72％,不适宜区占比33.78％.③各个等级适宜区域空间分布差异较为明显,最适宜区和高度适宜区主要分布在乌江国家风景道沿线和武陵山国家风景道沿线区域;研究结果有助于为武陵山区域生态旅游产业战略规划与开发提供科学依据.

为了促进新时代库区乡村振兴战略目标的实现,从要素流动、城乡居民收入差距、城乡产业融合、城乡公共服务配置等方面对重庆三峡库区城乡融合发展进行深入研究.结果表明,重庆三峡库区城乡融合发展趋势向好,城乡差距不断缩小,但库区城乡高质量融合发展仍面临诸多问题,应深化体制改革,促进城乡要素双向流通,促进城乡产业融合与乡村经济多样化,多渠道增加库区居民尤其是农民的收入,完善乡村基础设施建设,补齐农村短板,促进重庆三峡库区城乡高质量融合发展.

以贵州旅游地空间数据为基础,运用平均最邻近、地理探测器等方法,研究贵州1990-2018年4个时间截面旅游地空间格局,分析该时期旅游重心演化进程,探讨旅游地与地理环境、社会经济要素间关系并开展驱动力分析.结果表明:①4个时期旅游地均为凝聚状态分布,总体呈现点、团向面状、带状聚集转变;②全省旅游收入演化比客流量演化更为敏感和剧烈,二者均以经向变幅为主导,且呈现西部比重大于东部的态势;③旅游地在海拔高程垂向上表现为近似正态分布,碳酸盐岩类区旅游地资源多为自然类景点、碎屑岩类区主要表现为民族文化类景点的聚集分布,断层线5 km缓冲区范围内分布90％左右的旅游地、其空间展布总体与断层线走向吻合,三叠、寒武及二叠地层是旅游地的主要分布区,旅游地沿省道特征分布明显;④全省旅游地分布主要受旅游地到河流沟谷距离、县级行政中心距离、高速公路直线距离、陆上交通路网密度、高速公路路网密度、断层线距离、河流沟谷密度等7项因子驱动;而距河流沟谷、距县级行政中心、距高速公路直线距离以及交通路网密度水平等因子的组合效应集中控制了当前贵州旅游地空间分布的总体格局.