【Objective】 This paper is to propose a method to optimize ecological space zoning and develop scientific management strategies for watersheds. The focus is on clarifying the synergies and trade-offs among mountains, waters, forests, farmlands, lakes, and grasslands. 【Method】 The study takes the Hongfeng Lake watershed as a case study. It is a typical watershed consisting of mountains, water, forests, fields, lakes and grasses. Quantitative and qualitative methods were used to calculates synergies and trade-offs between these sub-ecosystems at both basin scale and local scale. The ecological zoning in the watershed was analyzed by considering the synergistic relationships between mountains, waters, forests, farmlands, lakes and grasslands. 【Result】 The study revealed significant spatial variation in ecological zones within the studied areas. It identified contrasting spatial relationships in the distribution of synergies and trade-offs, particularly between water and other subsystems, as defined by the water intersection line. Key findings include differentiated ecological protection roles of forests and grasslands, high pollution risks facing lakes, and the reliance on rainfall for agriculture outside regions where lakes effectively manage water storage. The watershed was classified into nine ecological control zones, including urban water source protection zones and ecological agricultural zones along the lake and its tributaries. Additionally, mountain areas were designated as ecological industrial development and conservation zones, water source conservation zones, and geo-hazard risk zones. 【Conclusion】 By analyzing the coordination and trade-offs among various ecological components, this study ensures the maximization of ecological diversity within each zoning type. The findings highlight the need for tailored management strategies across different zones to address their unique ecological needs and challenges.

【Objective】 The safety of drinking water is of great concern to economic and social development, and is a focus of research in all countries. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the research efforts of China in this sector in comparison with the rest of the world. 【Method】 The analysis was based on the CNKI database and the Web of Science. The CiteSpace visualization software was used to compare the research efforts of researchers in both China and the rest of the world in five perspectives: the number of publications, number of authors of each publication, affiliations, keywords and research frontiers. 【Result】 ①The earliest research on drinking water sources in China traced back to 1983, while the research in the rest of the world started in 1905. Researchers in the rest of the world combined have published more than their Chinese counterparts, indicating that the continued interest in drinking water in the world. ②In terms of the number of articles published by a sole author or co-authors, the international researchers have the edge. ③In terms of research topics and research methods, research in China can be divided into the following stages: proof-concept from 1983 to 1999, initial development from 2000 to 2008, prosperous development from 2009 to 2015, area-transition stage from 2016 to 2021. 【Conclusion】 Research on drinking water source in China and the rest of the world has a similar development history though it started much later in China. The research results have significant implications for theoretical development and practical applications of research results.

以武陵山区腹地城市铜仁市149处旅游资源(含A级景区)数据为基础,利用ArcGIS平均最近邻指数、泰森多边形、核密度分析以及空间分析技术,开展旅游资源的空间分布格局研究,构建区域生态旅游资源开发适宜性评价体系,探讨铜仁市生态旅游开发适宜性特征及其空间差异.研究结果表明:①铜仁市旅游资源在各区县间分布差异较大,江口县、碧江区、石阡县、德江县和思南县的旅游资源数量占到整个研究区数量的70％以上,整体上呈现"南密北疏"的特点,ArcGIS空间最近邻指数为0.55,泰森多边形检验其变异系数达99.34％,旅游资源呈现显著的集聚空间分布特征.②铜仁市生态旅游开发适宜性指数在1.31～6.03,生态旅游适宜性划分为四级,其中高度适宜区占铜仁市国土总面积20.85％,最适宜区占比7.65％;一般适宜区占比37.72％,不适宜区占比33.78％.③各个等级适宜区域空间分布差异较为明显,最适宜区和高度适宜区主要分布在乌江国家风景道沿线和武陵山国家风景道沿线区域;研究结果有助于为武陵山区域生态旅游产业战略规划与开发提供科学依据.