BACKGROUND:We investigated uterine histopathological and ultrastructural changes in female dogs with pyometra induced by Escherichia coli (E. coli) inoculation using progesterone and/or estradiol. METHODS:Dogs were ovariectomized and classified into six groups: Groups 1-6 corresponding to estradiol treatment followed by progesterone supplementation, progesterone supplementation only, estradiol supplementation only, simultaneous treatment using estradiol and progesterone, similar to Group 1 but with a double dose, and control group, respectively. RESULTS:Pyometra was successfully induced in Groups 1, 2, 4, and 5, but not in Group 3. An uneven endometrial surface was observed, along with a purulent discharge, bleeding, inflammatory lesions, cystic endometrial hyperplasia (CEH) or cystic endometrial atrophy. Endometrial thickness percentage, uterine wall thickness, and the percentage of endometrial cyst area increased. Endometrial epithelial mushroom-like hyperplasia and the honeycomb-like structure exposed under the epithelium after flaky exfoliation were found, and the glandular epithelial villi became longer or shorter. Mitochondria expansion and increased lysosome were observed. Endoplasmic reticulum dilation and swelling and many inflammatory cells, especially plasma cell infiltration in the stroma, were found. CONCLUSIONS:Endometrial histopathology and ultrastructural changes in affected dogs were accompanied by induction of pyometra, and they were affected by different hormonal patterns and E. coli.

The present study aimed to investigate whether Escherichia coli virulence affects the roles of sex hormone receptors in female dogs with simulated pyometra. A total of 33 healthy, nulliparous, crossbred female dogs were divided into four groups, with 10 dogs in each of the three experimental groups and 3 dogs in the control group. Estradiol was administrated to female dogs in group 1 continuously at 0.6-4.8 mg/kg twice daily for 12 days (the dose doubled every three days), followed by intramuscular injection of 0.2-1.8 mg/kg progesterone. The progesterone was administrated with an initial dose of 0.2 µg/kg and increased 0.2 mg/kg every three days, twice daily until the maximum of 1.8 mg/kg for 24 days and maintained at 1.8 mg/kg for 19 days. Progesterone only was administrated at 1.8 mg/kg in group 2 (twice daily) for 55 continuous days and only estradiol was administered with an initial dose of 0.6 µg/kg (dose doubled every 3 days for 12 days) in group 3 twice daily and maintained at 4.8 mg/kg for the following 43 days. A strongly virulent E. coli strain, nau-b, and a weakly virulent strain, nau-i, were screened. On the 12th day of diestrus, 5 female dogs in each of the experimental groups were inoculated with E. coli nau-i strain, while the other five in each group were inoculated with nau-b strain. Histopathological changes of uterine tissues were microscopically observed 50 days after E. coli inoculation and hormone receptor expression levels were detected by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Simulated pyometra was observed in dogs administrated with progesterone alone or progesterone combined with estradiol. The clinical symptoms and histopathological observation demonstrated that inoculation with strongly virulent E. coli strain, nau-b, caused earlier onset of pyometra symptoms and more severe pyometra symptoms compared with the weakly virulent E. coli strain, nau-i. Furthermore, estrogen and progesterone receptor levels in dogs with pyometra inoculated with E. coli strain nau-i was higher than those in dogs with pyometra inoculated with E. coli strain nau-b. These results indicated that E. coli affects the roles of sex hormone receptors in female dogs with simulated pyometra.

An 8-year-old, crossbred domestic queen, weighing 2.9 kg, was examined because of obvious clinical signs, including anorexia, lethargy and vomiting, with small quantities of yellow vaginal mucopurulent discharge. Palpation revealed the presence of an abdominal mass. A diagnosis of pyometra was made by radiology. After undergoing ovario-hysterectomy, the queen made a full recovery. Histopathological examination of the uterus and ovary was made. A sterilization case was included for microscopic comparison. Results showed that endometrium of the cat with pyometra presented atrophy and shedding of superficial epithelium, and there were apparent cystic follicles in ovary. (c) 2013 PVJ. All rights reserved

犬髋关节脱位多因骨盆部受到间接外力引起犬的股骨头离开髋臼,出现后肢肢形异常、运动障碍。从16例髋关节脱位病例可见该病多发于中、大型犬,车祸为其主要发病原因,以上方脱位为多见。X射线摄像可诊断该病。闭合式整复易复发,开放式整复人工圆韧带固定术为治疗该病的有效方法,恰当的护理有利于该病的恢复。

犬肛周腺肿瘤是犬常见病之一,但临床恶性的肛周腺癌表现无明显全身感染症状的并不多见。本文介绍临床发现的1例犬肛周腺癌病例,详述其确诊过程及手术治愈方法,并对确诊方法、发病原因、疾病危害及治疗预防进行了探讨。

<正>膈疝是指腹腔脏器经过膈肌薄弱点或裂隙进入胸腔所形成的一种疾病。本病可分为先天性和后天性两类。有调查研究表明,犬猫膈疝病例76.8%为创伤性,9.6%为先天性的,13.8%发病原因不明〔1〕。先天性膈疝是由于横膈先天性

淋巴肉瘤是多类型的肿瘤,犬猫等小动物均有发生.临床上以多中心型、消化型、胸腺型淋巴肉瘤为主.南京农业大学动物医院于2008年3月收治--病犬,经临床症状观察、血液学检查、血液生化检查、组织触片、血液涂片等病理学检查,最后诊断为犬淋巴肉瘤.根据病理组织学和剖检结果,该病例属于多中心型淋巴肉瘤.

嵌顿包茎是指阴茎自包皮口伸出后不能缩回到原位的现象.本病常见于外伤引起阴茎肿胀和体积增大,严重时可造成阴茎坏死.笔者于2008年4月遇到1例公犬在交配过程中其阴茎长期嵌入母犬阴道而发生嵌顿性包茎,使阴茎严重缺血、坏死.采用阴茎截断术和尿道造口术,确保犬恢复排尿功能.现将该病例报告如下.

子宫积水是母犬的一种生殖系统疾病,临床上鲜见,对该病的相关报道也很少。笔者在南京农业大学动物医院门诊收治了1例患犬,通过临床表现、X射线、血常规、血液生化与细菌分离培养等全面检查,确诊为子宫积水。

尿石症是犬的一种常见泌尿道疾病,多发生于中、老年犬和小型犬。根据X射线对结石的透射性可分为阴性结石和阳性结石,阴性结石相对阳性结石较难诊断。本文以实际诊治的病例为主,就阴性结石的诊治情况进行了较为详细的总结,并对其进行定性分析;同时对阴性尿结石形成的生化机理及导致结石发生的一些因素等进行了初步探讨。

犬髋关节脱位多因骨盆部受到间接外力引起犬的股骨头离开髋臼,后肢肢形异常、运动障碍的疾病。从10例髋关节脱位病例可见该病多发于大型犬,车祸为其主要发病原因,以上方脱位为多。X射线摄像可有效诊断该病,闭合式整复易复发,开放式整复为治疗该病的有效方法,恰当的护理有利于该病的恢复。

4年来,笔者在宠物门诊工作过程中,通过对161例犬巴贝斯虫病的诊治与跟踪调查(治愈148只,死亡13只,治愈率达91.93%),总结出发病规律和治疗方案,发现本地区犬巴贝斯虫病主要是由吉氏巴贝斯虫和犬贝斯虫感染所致。其中由吉氏贝斯虫感染的病例为106例,由犬巴贝斯虫感染的病例为55例,未发现韦巴贝斯虫感染的病例。针对犬巴贝斯虫病的发病特点,提出了预防新措施。

吸吮线虫病是由结膜吸吮线虫寄生于眼部所引起的一种人畜共患病.鉴于我国犬的病例上报道极少,笔者根据所诊治的病例,从它的症状、诊断、治疗、流行病学以及虫体的生活史和形态学进行了较详细的描述,以便对该病的诊治为兽医同行提供参考.

会阴疝是一种多发于中老年犬的疾病。2002~2006年间南京农业大学动物医院收治犬会阴疝12例,且全部为雄性。本文对改良型会阴疝修复手术与传统型会阴疝修复手术进行了比较,12病例中采用传统会阴疝修复手术4例,出现复发的占2例;采用改良型会阴疝修复手术8例均无复发,效果良好。表明改良型会阴疝手术方法效果好,不易复发。同时对会阴疝的发病原因作了分析与讨论。

采用快速法与尼龙筛法诊断水牛血吸虫病对比试验。结果:快速法毛蚴相对孵出率均为100%,而尼龙筛法为65%~82%,平均为75·2%,两者差异极显著(P<0·01);尼龙筛法铜筛杯过滤时虫卵散失率为28%~42%,平均为35·5%。

老龄犬会阴疝在临床上是一种常见的病,多发于6岁以上未作过绝育的公犬。犬前列腺肿大会向骨盆腔后结缔组织凹陷,但因前列腺肿大而向会阴部皮下脱出则在临床较少见。目前国内外临床手术治疗会阴疝取得良好效果,笔者应用手术治疗犬因前列腺肿大致会阴疝病例取得较好疗效。

猫子宫蓄脓多见于发情后2~3个月的未经产母猫,或屡配不孕的中、老龄经产母猫。本文从临床症状、实验室诊断和特殊检查等方面报道该病的诊断及临床治疗措施。子宫卵巢摘除术仍是目前治疗该病最为有效的方法。

因前列腺脱出而致犬会阴疝病例很少见.最近在南京农业大学动物医院收治一病例,现将诊治情况介绍如下.

通过对犬膀胱内翻性乳头状瘤的病史调查、临床症状、X射线诊断、手术治疗和组织学检查,发现它是由上皮细胞和结缔组织纤维组成,上皮细胞呈柱状,垂直附着于基膜上,结缔组织部分和细胞部分较少,纤维组织较多,排列紊乱不整齐。论述了它的发病机理和临床诊治的意义。

犬的肩关节脱位比较少见。笔者在临床治疗过程中发现1例,经X射线检查发现,病犬肱骨头明显游离于肩关节窝外,属于正前方脱位。采取外科手术结合克氏针内固定方法对脱臼关节进行整复治疗,效果很好。