The treatment of patients with glioma still faces many difficulties. To further optimize treatment, it is necessary to identify more accurate markers as treatment targets and predict prognostic indicators. RNASE2 was identified as a differentially expressed gene (DEG) in glioma tissues using bioinformatics analysis. In glioma microarrays, 31.21% (54/173) and 68.79% (119/173) patients showed low and high RNASE2 protein expression levels, respectively. RNASE2 protein levels were considerably correlated with age, WHO grade, relapse, and death. Both mRNA and protein levels were associated with the overall survival of patients with glioma. To investigate the role of RNASE2, it was overexpressed or silenced in glioma cells. RNASE2 overexpression promoted cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. In addition, its overexpression promoted the growth of subcutaneous tumors and lung metastasis of glioma cells. Key protein levels in the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway were upregulated by RNASE2 overexpression. In contrast, RNASE2 knockdown had the opposite effects. Furthermore, LY294002 blocked the effects of RNASE2 on the cell function of glioma cells. In conclusion, RNASE2 is a novel marker associated with the diagnosis and prognosis of patients with glioma, and it promotes the malignant progression of gliomas through the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.

Gliomas are the most common type of malignant primary brain tumor, and the Wnt signaling pathway is associated with glioma malignancy. Pygopus protein plays an important role in developmental brain patterning, and has been identified to be a component of the Wnt signaling pathway. In the present study, the Pygopus 2 (Pygo2) protein was examined in 80 glioma tissue samples. Short hairpin (sh)RNA-Pygo2 was transfected into glioma U251 cells, and the cell proliferation, colony formation and bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation were analyzed. Western blot analysis and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction were used to detect the expression of Pygo2. A vascular mimicry assay was performed to examine the vascular mimicry of U251 cells. A luciferase reporter assay was used to detect the β-catenin/Wnt system. The cyclin D1 protein was also detected using western blot analysis. The results demonstrated that inhibition of the expression of Pygo2 significantly triggered the decrease of cell proliferation, colony formation and BrdU incorporation compared with the cells treated with scramble control shRNA (shRNA-Scr). shRNA-Pygo2 transfection was found to inhibit vascular-mimicry and block the Wnt signaling pathway compared to the cells transfected with shRNA-Scr. The transfection of shRNA-Pygo2 also decreased the expression of the Wnt target gene cyclin D1. In conclusion, shRNA-Pygo2 suppressed glioma cell proliferation effectively and inhibited vascular mimicry by inhibiting the expression of cyclin D1 in the canonical Wnt/β-catenin pathway in brain glioma cells.

To explore the manipulation and safety of homemade percutaneous abdominal paracentesis needle for abdominal paracentesis in ventriculo-peritoneal shunt. A total of 36 hydrocephalus patients were enrolled in the study. The whole process of abdominal paracentesis and catheter placement was observed, and the time, success rate and safety were evaluated. As results, the success rate of catheter placement was 100%; the average time of paracentesis and catheter placement was 5 min; neither intra-abdominal bleeding nor organ injury was found. The results prompt the homemade percutaneous abdominal paracentesis needle for abdominal paracentesis in ventriculo-peritoneal shunt is safe, minimally invasive, easy to perform with a high success rate and a small surgical scar. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-6731.2014.06.015

Background: Glioma is the most common brain malignancy with poor prognosis. The current treatments for gliomas are mainly based on surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy, which exhibit limited efficacy. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) using photosensitizers has been applied to glioma therapy. However, different photosensitizers usually lead to different therapeutic effects and adverse reactions.Objective: This study investigates the anti-tumor effect of photosensitizer ZnPcS4-BSA in xenograft glioma tumors.Methods: The xenograft glioma tumor model was established by inoculating nude mice with U251 cells. Tumor growth was evaluated by tumor volume, weight, and inhibition rate. Cell apoptosis was evaluated using TUNEL staining. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression and microvessel density were measured by immunohistochemistry.Results: Significant decreases in tumor volume and weight as well as significant increases in tumor inhibition rate, cell apoptosis, VEGF expression, and microvessel density were observed in mice in the low- and high-dose PDT groups compared to the control, irradiation alone, and photosensitizer alone groups. No significant difference in cytotoxicity was observed between control group and photosensitizer alone group. Photosensitizer ZnPcS4-BSA significantly inhibited xenograft glioma tumor growth through induction of apoptosis.Conclusion: PDT using ZnPcS4-BSA may be effective for the therapy of gliomas.

目的 探讨新型光敏剂四磺酸酞菁锌与牛血清白蛋白的配合物(ZnPcS4-BSA)介导的光动力疗法(PDT)对胶质瘤的体内光动力杀伤效应,并分析其杀伤机制.方法 建立裸鼠胶质瘤模型,将30只荷瘤裸鼠随机分为5组:荷瘤对照组、单纯光照组、单纯光敏剂组、低剂量PDT组和高剂量PDT组,经不同处理后处死裸鼠,切除肿瘤,比较各组抑瘤率、血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)表达水平、微血管密度(MVD)以及凋亡指数.结果 抑瘤率、VEGF水平、MVD、凋亡指数等指标检测显示,荷瘤对照组、单纯光照组、单纯光敏剂组3组间差异均无统计学意义,而高、低剂量PDT组均显著高于其它各组,且高剂量PDT组高于低剂量PDT组.结论 ZnPcS4-BSA对荷U251胶质瘤的裸鼠具有良好的光动力效能,其介导的PDT过程存在诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡这一机制,在肿瘤组织中VEGF表达在PDT后升高.

Objective To report the phototoxicity effects of a novel photosensitizer ZnPcS4-BSA on photodynamic therapy (PDT) towards human U251 glioma cells in vitro. Methods The cellular uptake of ZnPcS4-BSA by U251 glioma cells was quantified by UV-spectra to determine the optimal incubation time. Human U251 glioma cells were incubated with ZnPcS4-BSA of various concentrations and received laser irradiation of different energy densities. Cell survival rates were measured by CCK-8 assay.Flow cytometer was used to detect apoptosis.Gene expressions of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were detected by Real-Time PCR in the U251 cells after PDT and β-actin was used as an internal standard. The normal U251 cells severed as controls. Results The uptake of ZnPcS4-BSA by U251 glioma cells reached the maximum after incubation for 4 hours.ZnPcS4-BSA of different concentrations without laser irradiation had no significant effects on cell survival rates (P＞0.05).Without ZnPcS4-BSA incubation,compared with 0,25,50,100,200 J/cm2 groups, the cell survival rate of the 400 J/cm2 group was significantly lower (P＜0.05), whereas no significant difference was found between any other two groups. When the U251 glioma cells incubated with 30 μ mol/L ZnPcS4-BSA for 4 hours underwent laser irradiations of 25,50,100,200 J/cm2,the cellular survival rates significantly decreased with the increased energy densities (P＜0.05). When the U251 glioma cells incubated with ZnPcS4-BSA of 20,40,60,80,100 μ mol/L for 4 hours underwent laser irradiation of 200 J/cm2, the cellular inhibition rates significantly increased with the increased concentrations (P ＜0.05). Compared with controls, the cellular apoptosis and VEGF expression significantly increased in the U251 glioma cells incubated with ZnPcS4-BSA of 20 μmol/L after laser irradiation of 100 J/cm2 (P＜0.05). Conclusion The novel ZnPcS4-BSA is a good photosensitizer for PDT towards U251 glioma cells,because the ZnPcS4-BSA-mediated PDT can induce effective apoptosis of the targeted cells.

This article reports the phototoxicity effects of a novel photosensitiser ZnPcS4-BSA on human U251 glioma cells in vitro. The cellular uptake of ZnPcS4-BSA by U251 glioma cells was quantified by UV-spectra, and the optimal incubation time was determined. Human U251 glioma cells were incubated in ZnPcS4-BSA of various concentrations, and received laser irradiation of different energy densities. Cell survival rates were measured by CCK-8 assay. Flow cytometer was used to detect apoptosis. Expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) gene was detected by real-time PCR in U251 cells after photodynamic therapy (PDT), and β-actin was used as an internal standard. The normal U251 cells severed as controls. Results indicate that the uptake of ZnPcS4-BSA by U251 glioma cells reaches maximum after incubation for 4 hours. ZnPcS4-BSA with different concentrations without light irradiation has no significant effects on cell survival rates. Without ZnPcS4-BSA incubation, cell survival rate of high-dose group (400 J/cm(2)) is the lowest, whereas no significant difference has been found between any other two groups. At laser irradiation of 150 J/cm(2), inhibition rates of the cells increase with ZnPcS4-BSA concentration, and half-inhibitory concentration (IC50) is 0.16 μmol/L. Apoptosis rate of the cells after PDT is significantly higher than that of the control group (p < 0.01). The VEGF expression in the cells increases 5.616 times after PDT. The novel ZnPcS4-BSA is a good photosensitiser for PDT towards U251 glioma cells. The ZnPcS4-BSA based PDT can induce effective apoptosis.

Aim:To discuss the brain protection of Shenfu injection in the patients with severe head injury.Methods: Seventy-two patients were randomly divided into two groups.In the controlled group,patients had received the routine therapy,whereas patients in the Shenfu group took the routine therapy and Shenfu Injection with dose 1 mL/kg,tid for 10 days.All patients were monitored for the intracranial pressure(ICP).The highest ICP,days of coma,dosage and days of using mannitol,complications,and prognosis in comparing between the two groups.Results: The mean value of the highest ICP were(22±12)mmHg and(26±9)mmHg in the Shenfu group and the controlled group respectively.Patients in Shenfu group used mannitol for(6±3)d,comparing to(7±5)d in controlled group.Mean duration of coma in patients of Shenfu group was(9±4)d,comparing to(11±4)d in Controled group.There were significant differences in all parameters above(P0.05).Conclusion: Shenfu injection has a certain protective effect on the severe head injury.

目的 观察依达拉奉治疗急性外伤性脑出血的疗效和安全性.方法 将93例急性外伤性脑出血患者随机分为治疗组46例和对照组47例.两组均根据出血量给予不同剂量的脱水剂,控制血压及血糖,并给予脑细胞活化剂.治疗组在此基础上.采用依达拉奉注射液30 mg加入生理盐水250 ml中静脉滴注,2次/d,共14 d.结果 治疗组在治疗后第7、14、21天的神经功能缺损评分及日常生活活动能力评分均显著优于对照组(P<0.05和P<0.001);治疗组的显效率和总有效率均高于对照组,两组比较有显著性差异(P<0.05和P<0.01);治疗组未见明显副作用.结论 依达拉奉急性外伤性脑出血安全有效.

目的:探讨不同手术方式对重度幕上高血压脑出血患者预后的影响。方法:对258例重度脑出血病例进行回顾性分析,对比开颅血肿清除术和微创血肿清除术对患者预后的影响。结果:开颅组死亡率低于微创组,但重残率高于微创组。结论:对于重度高血压脑出血,要根据患者的实际情况选择术式,开颅血肿清除术较为适宜。

目的:为临床减少急腹症误诊的发生提供借鉴.方法:通过回顾我院近5年来以急性阑尾炎收入院的病例,找出出院诊断为其他急腹症的病例17例,分析总结其误诊原因.结果:误诊病例中,结肠肿瘤2例,妇科疾病10例,泌尿系统结石3例,肠系膜静脉栓塞1例,带状疱疹1例.结论:完整的病史询问是避免误诊的前提条件,急诊科医生应向全科医生方向培养,应将尿HCG检查和腹部B超检查作为急腹症女性病人的常规检查,CT检查是确诊急性阑尾炎的有效手段.

1 病例 患者,男,32岁.因左下肢麻木6月,加重并累及右下肢、左上肢1月疑 1)颈椎病 2)颅内病变收入我院骨科.因核磁共振(MRI)发现延髓占位病变转神经外科.查体:神清语晰,左侧鼻唇沟稍浅,口角稍左偏,伸舌无偏斜,舌苔黄厚,咽反射正常,悬雍垂右偏,耸肩不对称,右侧较左侧高,无吞咽困难、呛咳等,眼球运动正常.跛行,左下肢肌力Ⅳ级,右下肢肌力Ⅴ-级,双上肢肌力Ⅴ级,双下肢肌张力稍增强,以左侧为甚,双上肢肌张力正常.双侧膝反射、踝反射亢进,以左侧为甚.