Civil Aviation Administration of China (CAAC) is gradually opening to market. The route networks of most airlines remain point-to-point while traditional airlines (Air China, China Southern Airlines, and China Eastern Airlines) are beginning to construct hub and spoke airline networks. The design of airline network depends more on experience, namely, the historical data. The analysis on the demand for a single airline isa main evaluation index for introducing a new route. However, sometimes the decision on airlines opening is based on the other airlines with high economic benefits, which ignores the overall structure of the network. Synergy effect, efficiency and economy of scale are not taken into consideration. This can be regarded as a systematic planning defect in essence, which cannot adapt to the rapid development of the air transportation in China.

The rapid development of economy depends on the heavy use of energy which will bring serious environmental pollution. Basing on the literature analysis and statistical description method, the author studied the present situation in Energy - Environment - Economy system (that is 3E system) in Nanjing. From Fig. 1 to Fig. 4, we can see that the energy consumption growth rate of Nanjing has slowed down; the energy consumption structure has got a certain degree of adjustment. Nanjing environmental pollution is getting worsen, but renovation measures produced effects. The rapid economic development of Nanjing makes it depend on energy greatly. In the end, the paper gives the suggestions for the coordinated development of 3E system.

大众创业、万众创新既是经济发展的动力,也是解决大学生就业的一种途径.本文分析了"统计学"在大学生创业前、创业中的作用,从市场调研、市场预测、产品质量管理、财务分析、人力资源管理、企业发展战略等方面展开研究.文章的最后指出:教师在授课过程中应采用多种教学方式或手段;学生在学习"统计学"时要注重理论与实践的结合.

Sailing routes is the basis of carrier's survival, the planning of route network is the strategic for the carrier. Optimization theory of hub and spoke network is a highly simplified result in specific constraints of the network composed by the given nodes, so the theory plays little roll in the actual network planning. According to the complex network theory, we establish the route network design model with the constraints of investment limit, non-strict, capacitated and multiple allocation, the aim of model is to minimum the total cost of the route opened cost, the transportation cost, the hub node construction cost, the opportunity cost caused by the not yet been transported; secondly, to study the ILNS-CMAHLP problem based on the Mixed Set Programming (MSP) theory, we make the data model with the set variables, give the logic model to express the relation among input variables, output variables and decision variables, build the solve rule based on the set reasoning algorithm. Finally, we calculate the ILNS-CMAHLP exact solution of NCL language in the POEM optimization platform. Results show that the NCL algorithm, which has the natural modeling and mixed set programming features, is a useful tool to solute the constraints of joint solving of NP-Hard problem, and it will avoid the combination explosion problem of large-scale integer programming; at the same time, it will open the new research direction for the optimization of hub and spoke network with the capacitated etc. constraints, it can provide theoretical guidance and technical support for the actual route network planning.

To reflect the scale-free characteristics of airline network, generating n city nodes randomly while the degree distribution exponent is located between 1 and 3, by constructing network edges between nodes, calculating the passenger flow of each network edge, building the relationship of fares to node distance and aircraft type to node type, we propose the mathematical model of airline network revenue, total cost and total profit.Finally, we simulate the airline network profit model and analyze the experimental results, which show that: under the influence of the total number of nodes, the number of hub nodes, the capacity of the hub node and fares, the airline network profit changes in a certain regularity with the change of passenger flow.

Based on the thought of adaptive agent digraph ,combine the actual characteristics of the air‐line network ,take flight delay as a breakthrough point ,the stability of airline network system is stud‐ied ,and the simulation analysis is carried out on network instability focus on the scenario for a parti‐cular kind typhoon .T hen the indicator of entropy is proposed to reflect the stability of the airline net‐work and to measure the uncertainty of system instability .The results show that it is feasible to take entropy as the indicator to reflect the stability during the process of system operation of the airline network .System instability occurs and flights are delayed if the entropy is not zero .When entropy in‐creases ,the possibility of flight delay increases ,and it is more likely to lead to the propagation of flight delays .

To airlines, the network profit is the fundamental and the only goal pursuit. When airlines operates the airline network, it is the most direct means to ensure passenger flow on every route, in addition to use large models, increase the frequency, developing competitive airline fares will also attract more passengers. As for the hub and spoke network, there are direct flights and the transit flights, each side of the flow varies with the fares and the number of network nodes, in order to highlight the scale economic benefit of hub and spoke network, research on the influence of network edge flow, fares on route network the profit is very important.

Flight delay is a serious problem which many airlines encounter. This paper studies on flight delay problem based on the thought of adaptive agent digraph,and then does the simulation analysis. The indicator of entropy is proposed to measure the uncertainty of flight delay occurrence. The results show that if entropy is not zero, flight delay occurs,and if entropy increases, the possibility of flight delay increases as well as its spread effect. So using entropy as the indicator to reflect the situation of flight delay is feasible.

According to the large-scale airline network, which presents the scale-free characteristics, the aim of the article is to research the relationship between airline network profit changes and passenger flow changes based on the constraint of the relevant variables. Based on the given mathematical model of airline network revenue, total cost and total profit, we simulate the airline network profit model and analyze the experimental results, which show that: under the action of the driving force of passenger flow, the degree distribution exponent r plays an important role in the analysis of the airline network economic characteristics, while other variables remain unchanged, the airline network profit reaches the maximum when r is equal to 1.8.

Brittle source is a necessary condition for a system to stimulate brittleness. This paper focuses on analyzing brittle source of airline network system, according to different degrees of impact the closed airport has for the entire airline network to classify the brittle source, in order to distinguish different airports, so as to effectively control the excitation of brittleness of the airline network.

The fundamental purpose of airline to operate airline network is profit. The airline network profit is composed of the total revenue and total cost, in order to reflect the change characteristics of airline network profit, this article conducts the simulation research from two dimensions such as the airline network nodes and airline network edge flow, the purpose of which is to obtain correlation. The experimental results show that, the airline network nodes and the airline network edge flow have mutual influence and the interaction, we should put their effects together to study the airline network profit.

The optimization of check-in counter number and the efficiency of check-in system are the common demand of the airport and the airline. The former research on the optimization of the check-in system rarely involved the use of self-service check-in counter, in view of the use of self-service check-in rate will continue to rise and is likely to become the dominant check-in mode in the future, This paper will quantitative analysize the relationship between self-service check-in counter and the check-in system efficiency, it will give the check-in counter number when the optimal operation efficiency of check-in system based on the queuing theory. Finally, combined with a typical airline flight plan data to analysize the model efficiency, the results verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the method.

项目化教学采用课程统整的理念,将课程设计成一个统合的整体,使学生能够理解和连结各分立的学科知识。项目化教学通常以工作过程为导向,采取小组学习的方式,重视分工合作,不仅有利于促进学生思考,也有利于团队共识的凝聚,激发学生学习的兴趣和开拓精神。

独立学院的人才培养目标是高级应用型人才。目前独立学院的教学模式多以传统的"填鸭式"为主,与它们培养目标的实现差距很大。在这样的大环境、大背景之下,专业课程项目化教学很自然地被提出了,它是培养高级复合型应用人才的最佳方式之一,对提高独立学院专业课程的教学有着不同寻常的意义。

独立学院管理类专业学生实践动手能力的培养不仅是学校的愿望,更是企业的需求。根据MIS课程的培养目标和职业岗位要求,并针对"教学手段缺乏情景启发性""独立学院学生学习主动性不强、实践能力弱、创新能力缺乏"等难点,将课程内容按照项目和任务线索进行重构,即以职业岗位、工作过程为导向,实施能力本位课程改革,提高学生理论与实际相结合的能力,育成实战化优秀的人才。

技术创新已成为企业发展的趋势。建立在是否增加企业利润基础之上的技术创新,在价格保持不变时,运用定性的分析可得,多个企业联合进行技术创新应是当前中国多数企业技术创新建设的模式。企业实现了技术创新,凭借其辐射功能,城市和国家也会向前发展。

公司信仰是指公司作为一个有机的整体所具有的持续的、稳定的、发展的、能使公司不断壮大成长的、并为公司员工所共享的价值观念。一个公司,大到总裁,小到普通员工,是否具有信仰、具有怎样的信仰、具有的信仰是否相同,对能否促进公司的不断发展显得尤为重要。

市场对资源配置起基础性作用,它能以最快的速度、最低廉的费用和最简单的形式把资源和信息传递给相关的决策者。但市场却不是完美无缺的,它可能导致收入分配的不公平、宏观经济的不稳定发展等后果。解决这些市场固有的缺陷,只能靠政府的干预和规范。政府调控可以弥补部分市场缺陷,但不能替代市场的基础性作用。因而要构建和谐社会,就必须做到市场与政府相互配合、相互促进,忽视或贬低任何一方都会导致经济波动和发展停滞。

产业集聚与区域经济竞争力之间相互联系和影响,对二者相互关系的研究越来越重要。本文运用灰色关联理论,研究了二者之间的关联度,并对江苏、浙江、上海、广东四省市产业集聚与区域竞争力的关联度进行测算,得到江苏的产业集聚度变化与区域经济竞争力变化之间存在很大的相关性,江苏产业集聚与区域经济竞争力的相关度为0.827,大于广东、上海和浙江。