选择吉林省44个园林乔木、灌木树种叶片进行理化性质测定和火行为模拟试验.对绝干含水率、厚度、抽提物、灰分、燃点、热值、蔓延速度、消耗质量比、火线强度和驻留时间这10个指标的测定结果表明,各树种叶片的理化性质、林火行为均存在差异,表现出对叶片抗火性不同程度的影响.利用因子分析法分别计算理化性质、火行为指标因子得分,建立指标因子得分模型,得出综合得分.应用逼近理想解排序法,对理化性质、火行为指标综合得分进行TOPSIS分析,得到44个树种叶片的抗火性强弱评价值.乔木树种五角枫、梓树、樟子松等,灌木树种早锦带花、鸡树条荚蒾、珍珠绣线菊等,均表现出较强的抗火性,可以选择作为园林树种混交种植,以提高城市绿化、森林公园树种的抗火性.
通过对吉林省18种常见灌木树种的理化指标测定、生物生态学调查和实验室林火行为试验,选取21个指标,应用专家打分法、灰色关联分析法和聚类分析法评价灌木树种抗火性,结果表明:Ⅰ类——抗火性强树种为小叶丁香、金叶榆,Ⅱ类——抗火性较强树种为榆叶梅、红瑞木、小叶女贞、早锦带花和紫丁香,Ⅲ类——抗火性一般树种为珍珠梅、茶条槭、金银忍冬、金山绣线菊、鸡树条荚蒾、山里红、紫穗槐、刺玫蔷薇、连翘和珍珠绣线菊,Ⅳ类——抗火性弱树种为铺地柏.
选择吉林省17个主要森林类型的地表凋落物测定分析和点烧实验,根据对抽提物、灰分、燃点、热值、1 m2质量、床层高度、风干含水率、蔓延速度、火线强度、驻留时间和可燃物消耗比这11个指标,利用层次分析法和分层聚类,对17个主要森林类型燃烧性进行排序和分类,结果表明:易燃森林林型有2个,依次是白桦林、樟子松林;可燃森林类型有4个,依次是黑松林、针叶混交林、红松林和其他针叶林;难燃森林类型有11个,依次是针阔混交林、落叶松林、云杉林、臭松林、柞树林、阔叶混交林、其他阔叶林、胡桃楸林、椴树林、黄波罗林和杨树林.为不同森林类型地表凋落物火灾预防、控制方法提供重要依据.
The orthogonality cutting experiment was carried by taking hard wood and twig of Abies holophylla as materials to make the research of the effect of mother plant cuttings age , drug type , mass concentration , treatment time , different types of substrates, cuttings of different types and different parts of insertion on rooting .The result showed that the main factors of affecting rooting of cutting of hard wood and twig were mother plant cuttings age .The smaller the age was , the higher the rooting rate was.The optimal treatment combinations were 4 ~10 a mother tree cuttings with 200 mg· L-1 ABT1 rooting powder soaking 12 h, the rooting rate was 21.4%, 63.9% respectively.The twig rooting of cutting rate was higher than the hard wood .The difference was significant .Using 1/2 perlite +l/2 sand mixed matrix was the best .There was differ-ence among cuttings rooting cuttings of different types .The scion rooting character of one level lateral branch cutting was superior to two level lateral branches and terminal bud cuttings .The cutting rooting rate and root effects of cutting of the lower branches were higher than the upper part branches .
面对日益匮乏的生态资源及逐渐恶化的生态环境现状，如何实现作为生态文明建设重要组成部分的林业可持续发展是摆在我们面前的重要课题。本文从生态文明建设角度出发，重点研究目前我们林业发展存在的问题及如何实现其可持续发展及其重要意义。
