目前,铁路客运车站突发事件应急处置缺乏有效的处置方案.为了提高突发事件应急处置方案的有效性和可行性,结合历史案例提出一种基于本体的铁路客运车站应急方案推荐方法.基于本体模型,构建应急案例区域本体、事件本体、案例本体,为案例与本体模型建立联系.通过计算历史案例与目标案例的相似度,根据预先设定的相似度阈值,筛选并构建有效相似历史案例集,并对其中的应急方案实施效果进行综合评估.选取综合评价值最大的有效相似历史案例应急方案作为目标案例的应急方案,最后通过算例验证提出的方法可行有效,解决了从历史案例中难以选取有效案例的难题.所提出的应急方案推荐方法,对生成铁路客运车站突发事件应急处置决策方案具有较大的参考价值和现实意义.

人们对"铁路三化"存在严重认知偏差,制约了铁路"数智化"转型.通过关系模型、演化路径、技术体系、语义建模及能力评估5个维度的全方位研究,形成适配"铁路三化"发展的方法论及理论支撑体系,以便统一认识,为整体提升铁路"数智化"快速迭代及创新能力提供思路和方法.基于多视角,构建基于核心价值、典型特征及演进历程的"三化"关系模型;分析从单体垂直应用、分布式服务、"云平台+服务"V1.0,到自主可控的"信创云-边-端"协同的"云原生+微服务"V2.0的架构演变路径;提出基于CPS复杂理论体系的"业务、系统、应用"多维要素叠加的新型融合技术体系;基于仿生机能的"拟树生长"建模,语义化表达了"三化"演进的机理,并通过熵权法进行能力评估.为铁路"数智化"转型与企业战略重构的最优匹配、演进路线的最佳选择、全链路转型战略的正向顶层设计提供了借鉴和指导.研究结果表明,铁路信息化始终贯穿铁路发展全生命周期;智能化是信息化、数字化发展的高级阶段;"三化"不是取代和递进关系,而是相互支撑的共存迭代关系,有着本体发展层次及特征差异.研究结果可为"三化"并存、递进、迭代的差异化发展提供解决方案;为推动铁路"上云用数赋智"行动及"数智化"转型提供系统的理论指导及技术支撑.

The progress of mobile communication technology drives industrial changes in all walks of life.The carrying capacity of the existing railway mobile communication system is increasingly difficult to meet the rapid growth of modern railway networks even after decades of development.Based on the requirements of intelligent railway applications for mobile communication bandwidth, delay, coverage and other challenges faced by the new generation of mobile communication, the critical technologies of new-generation mobile communication were focused on, such as the new generation of communication spectrum technology, channel coding technology, and multi-functional integrated radio frequency technology.Additionally, an “air-space-vehicle-ground integration” network aiming at seamless collaborative interaction of information among “vehicle-ground, vehicle-vehicle, and vehicle-person” was constructed.Furthermore, the application of communication-navigation integration, and communication-computing- storage integration were studied and prospected in intelligent railways.It will play a vital role in improving the service capability and efficiency of railway mobile communication and enable the development of China’s railway intelligence.

By analyzing the intelligent development of railway passenger station and the requirements of green railway passenger station under the premise of "integrated transportation, the overall service and macro-security", the general idea of building "near zero carbon" green intelligent railway passenger station and building energy management and control platform is put forward. With "green + digital + intelligent" coordination as the development goal of green railway passenger station, the content and indicators of railway passenger station energy consumption monitoring were sorted out. Relying on the integrated service platform that has been built and accessed, the energy management and control platform of the passenger railway station is built to solve the shortcomings of the original platform, such as the lack of energy analysis and management and control and inadequacy. Starting from the data collection, the multi-modal data of equipment energy use is comprehensively analyzed from different dimensions such as time, space, environment and passenger flow. The key technologies of energy management and control platform detection and monitoring information collection, differentiated energy management and control strategies, data fusion analysis, multidimensional energy consumption index classification, energy efficiency comparison and energy use diagnosis are studied. Overall improvement of the comprehensive energy efficiency of passenger railway stations, for the realization of the optimal control of passenger station energy and intelligent station "three" development to provide management and prediction means.

高速综合检测车作为高铁日常检测和联调联试最重要的移动检测设备之一,缺乏高效信息融合集成及现场决策指挥的管理手段.结合日常检测与联调联试特点,提出高速综合检测车多源信息融合集成平台的建设目标,并对平台的总体架构、功能、界面、硬件架构进行设计.分析信息融合与信息集成的联系,阐明多源信息融合技术在高速综合检测车的实现过程.开展BIM信息融合、GIS信息融合、基础设施设备融合、多图协同联动、高体量BIM模型动态加载、跨平台互联互通及信息共享、多维可视化等关键技术研究及创新应用.高速综合检测车多源信息融合集成平台基于"一张屏+M张图"实现多维信息集成共享、多专业数据融合分析、一体化决策及可视化展示,提升多方协同沟通效率,提高基础设施智能化管理水平,为高速铁路运营安全评估和养护维修指导提供技术支撑.

为提高铁路客站的服务质量,通过详细分析显示技术从有屏到无屏显示的三个发展阶段,得出当前技术正处于有屏到无屏的过渡阶段,进一步提出无屏显示技术内涵及特征,研究无屏显示技术的四类成像原理及其对应的显示技术.根据每种无屏显示技术的研究及应用的情况,从铁路客站的实际需求出发,针对实际业务开展无屏显示技术的前瞻性应用研究,提出每种显示技术的应用场景及建议,为铁路客站的智能化发展提供新的思路.

The traditional commissioning and testing each system chimney construction, information can't be shared, single point strong and overall weak, lack of professional, professional and external environment between the correlation analysis and centralized fusion of intuitive display. Through the research on key technologies such as multi-source information fusion, cross-platform information interconnection, data sharing, space-time synchronization, multi-graph collaborative linkage, and integrated display, the ‘multi-source information fusion integration platform’ was designed and developed. The application of Beijing-Zhangjiakou and other lines shows that the platform realizes the integration of information fusion among organizations (horizontal), specialties (vertical) and data (end-to-end), and improves the overall judgment, abnormal alarm, collaborative command and scientific decision-making level of testing and commissioning.

With the development of display technology, screenless display technology represented by augmented reality (AR) technology, virtual reality (VR) technology, intelligent projection technology and (pseudo) holographic technology, in the construction of smart stations, can be used in passenger identity verification, equipment inspection, staff training, onsite navigation and passenger service. This paper first classifies and summarizes the technical principles of several screenless display technologies, and elaborates on specific technologies in detail. Subsequently, we have combed and summarized the application of several screenless display technologies in railway intelligent passenger stations in detail. Based on the actual demand of railway passenger stations, according to the current situation and limitations of the use of screen display technology in railway station equipment operation and maintenance and passenger services, we can try to study and apply new screenless display technologies, such as AR, VR and intelligent projection to improve the intelligence level of railway stations.

为提高中国铁路的旅客服务水平,为重点旅客提供更加高效、便捷、个性化和人性化的出行服务体验,通过详细分析铁路重点旅客的服务现状、出行特征和出行需求,构建了铁路重点旅客服务系统架构,包括总体架构、逻辑架构、网络架构,理清了该系统与车站其他系统之间的关系,并详细设计了铁路重点旅客服务系统功能,包括重点旅客服务系统协同管理平台、旅客终端软件、列车工作人员手持终端软件、车站工作人员电脑终端软件、车站工作人员手持终端软件及车站旅客自助终端软件的功能,并进行了软件开发和试点应用.结果表明该系统在减少人工成本的同时提高重点旅客出行的自助性、便捷性和精准性.可见,该系统可有效提高重点旅客的出行服务体验,充分提高铁路的旅客服务水平,彰显中国铁路的人文关怀.

Integration test is an important security guarantee for high-speed railway operation. Aiming at the problem of chimney construction of more than 20 professional systems, which are scattered and lack of linkage, key technologies such as BIM+GIS multi-source heterogeneous data fusion, dynamic loading and rendering and lightweight model are put forward, and the virtual-reality mapping and interaction in physical railway and virtual twin railway scenes are realized based on "One Screen, One Picture" in BIM+GIS vehicle-mounted integration platform. The platform further explores the data value, and provides reference and guidance for lossless transmission of full life circle data of multi-professional and multi-participant railway based on BIM+GIS model, collaborative linkage, visual expression, immersive experience and intelligent decision-making, and further improves the intelligent management level of overall research and judgment of integration test, collaborative command and scientific decision-making and promotes the development of intelligent joint debugging.

According to the characteristics of communication blind area along the railway line and the surroundings, based on the requirements for real-time and rapid safety management and emergency rescue of trains and front-line building, construction, joint-testing and operation personnel in case of high-risk operation and far transmission, a UWB(ultra-wide band) wireless sensor network positioning technology is proposed to meet the needs of people and vehicle positioning by comparing and analyzing several positioning technologies suitable for the closed area in tunnels (indoor) in this paper. In addition, the grid-based station deployment strategy and the optimized deployment model based on grid points are studied, and the genetic algorithm is applied to station deployment optimization. The simulation and experiment results show that this strategy has the advantages of wide coverage, high coverage rate, high positioning accuracy, high reliability and so on, and has been applied effectively in the optimization of personnel positioning station deployment in a tunnel of Jinan-Laiwu high Speed Railway.

The intelligent railway station is a window to show the service ability, intelligence level and civilization of China’s railway. Data generated by tens of thousands of railway station equipment is growing explosively, so Cloud computing can no longer cope with such bottleneck problems as bandwidth limitations, network delays and security risks. Through the organic combination of edge computing and Cloud computing, the problem of mass data processing in Cloud center and edge will be tackled effectively [1]. In this paper, the overall architecture and intelligent control mode of “Intelligent railway station ” equipment based on "Edge-Cloud-End" are proposed, and an emphasis is placed on the research of principles of FSM resource and service perception models as well as the working mechanism of perception model, which are all verified by experiment. This study aims to meet the key requirements of intelligent control of “Intelligent railway station” equipment in agile connection, data optimization, real-time business, intelligent computing, security and privacy, etc., ] and to make up for the deficiency of equipment self-management and predictive maintenance in the current equipment management theory and model.

Through the analysis and comparison of the American intelligent manufacturing ecosystem architecture model, the German “Industry 4.0” reference architecture model and the Chinese “intelligent manufacturing” system architecture model, in this paper, a three-dimensional system structure model of intelligent high-speed railway is constructed. Based on the three-dimensional system structure model, the paper puts forward the intelligent high-speed railway standard system structure chart, which lays a theoretical foundation for the construction of intelligent high-speed railway standard system.

高铁联调联试广泛应用了物联网、传感监测等技术,对高铁各系统的性能、状态及系统间适配关系等数据进行采集,初步实现了联调联试数据采集的网络化,但在数据采集的点位密度、频率和时效上仍有较大的发展空间.为了提升高铁联调联试整体技术水平和科研能力,通过研究边缘计算和NB-IoT无线传感技术在高铁联调联试中的关键技术,并在京沈客运专线辽宁段和京张高铁联调联试中进行设计及模拟验证应用,有利于开展面向边缘侧、万物互联的联调联试监测检测体系研究,为高铁联调联试集约化、智能化的发展提供技术支撑.

随着高速铁路和智能技术快速发展,对联调联试的智能化水平提出了更高的要求.智能高铁联调联试专业复杂、可靠性要求高,是保证高铁顺利开通、安全运营的关键手段,亟需对联调联试工作进行智能分析及管理.结合我国智能高铁联调联试特点,对高铁联调联试数据进行智能分析及管理的内涵和建设目标进行分析,在此基础上设计高铁联调联试数据智能分析及管理的建设蓝图、逻辑架构以及高铁联调联试智能分析管理平台的总体架构,提出联调联试数据智能分析技术,并对其中综合展示子平台的车载综合展示取得的初步成果进行详细介绍.高铁联调联试数据智能分析及管理可实现高铁联调联试跨专业数据融合、数据智能化分析、测试结果综合评价、改进效果推演预测、一体化决策及可视化展示等,为联调联试总体指挥和科学决策提供支持.

高速铁路客运车站大规模的投入使用,对客运站设备在安全性、可靠性、便捷性、舒适性、智能性方面提出了更高的要求.本文从设备运行、设备监控和设备健康数据三个维度,构建了客运站设备故障诊断评价指标体系,然后,按照先分层、再融合的方式构建了多属性、多目标层次和模糊综合评价相结合的综合评价模型.最后,选取了某客运站自动扶梯进行评价验证.研究结果表明:本文评价指标体系对全面掌握铁路客运站设备的运行状态及设备健康监测和故障诊断提供了新方法.

为更好的满足国家对现代化城市群发展的要求,提高乘客在城市群内铁路和地铁间换乘的便捷程度,应该加快实现城际铁路和城市轨道交通售检票系统之间的互联互通.基于旅客和管理主体对售检票系统联通的便利需求,提出实名制实体/虚拟一卡通、无碍换乘的实名制实体/虚拟一卡通、二维码互换、一码通、一证通、刷脸通6种方式的互联互通便利模式适应性比较分析,采用符合现阶段铁路和城轨售检票模式的互联互通解决方案.

With the advent of an explosive age of the data in perception of everything, interconnection of everything, and intelligence of everything as well as the high requirement for millisecond low latency business, Cloud Computing is facing with two main bottlenecks, namely bandwidth shortage and network latency. As the extension of and supplementary to Cloud Computing, Edge Computing offers quickly responding Intelligent Edge services. It is a new type of flexible computing model that is four-in-one including Cloud, Edge, Terminal, and Intelligence. Blockchain-based “Edge-Cloud” Collaborative Ability-based Model builds a flexible open eco system with built-in security attributes and security ability, and offers users with “credible, reliable, controllable, verifiable, auditable and traceable” services that cover the whole chain of “Terminal Protection – Device Verification- Cloud Identification” for the whole life cycle of data. “Edge-Cloud” Collaborative Ability-based Model satisfies the critical requirements for business agility connectivity, real-time business processing, data optimization, application intelligence, as well as security and privacy protection. As an indispensable key element and a mainstream model, it empowers the development of intelligent railway.

With the large-scale construction of high-speed railway passenger stations in China, the quantity and variety of equipment at passenger stations are increasing. Drawing on the concept of user portrait (persona), equipment portrait for railway passenger stations is proposed. Equipment portrait should involve as much equipment related information and characteristic values as possible. According to the restoration of related device information, the device information is divided into factual information, external information and behavior information. We studies and constructs the system architecture of equipment tag, proposes the health tag based on bionic mechanism, establishes the equipment tag library with three kinds of tags as primary tag, advanced tag and health tag. The process of equipment portrait construction is also studied. On the basis of equipment portrait, this paper puts forward the refined closed-loop operation and maintenance process of equipment based on equipment portrait and information physical system (CPS), and constructs a set of closed-loop enabling system based on data automatic flow between information space and physical space, which lays a theoretical and technical foundation for the transformation of equipment operation and maintenance from "planned maintenance" mode to "predictive maintenance" mode and the realization of intelligent equipment operation and maintenance.

为实现铁路客站智能照明按需管控,提高乘车体验、 降低能耗等目标,本文通过研究信息物理融合系统(CPS)原理和界定智能照明区域范围及功能,结合列车到发、 照度、 场景模式三类参考指标,构建了基于CPS的铁路客站智能照明的模型,并制定科学、 合理的节能管控策略,在多个车站实施应用,取得了良好的运行效益.