Hengbai 522 is the waxy corn inbred line derived from the local variety Hengbai Duosui,this inbred line has specialty of high combining ability,good comprehensive character,resistance to diseases and lodging,wide adaptation etc,the waxy maize hybrid of Yandan No.5(glutinous),Suyu(glutinous) No.1,Yunuo No.1,Yunuo No.2 etc which mated with Hengbai 522 had been abroad applied in the production.

Yannuo 7 was a white waxy-grained maize hybrid selected from the crossing of two inbred lines by Yantai Academy of Agricultural Science in 1995,with female parent 43221 and male parent 1211. It had showed many improved characteristics like early maturity and high yielding, disease and lodging resistance, high protein content, good taste, thin grain peel and high rate of commodity ears etc. , thus it bears good practical values in field production. Yannuo 7 had been authorized by Crop Authorization Committee of Shandong Province in 2003.

根据华北夏玉米区域试验材料,应用回归系数和性状相关的方法,研究了玉米杂交种7个农艺性状对其籽粒产量稳定性的影响.结果表明,大部分农艺性状与杂交种稳产性呈负相关,以穗行数和千粒重的影响最大,穗位高、穗长、株高和穗粒数的影响较小.在育种实践中,可加强对杂交种稳产性影响小而对籽粒产量影响大的性状进行选择,适当降低穗位高,增加穗粒数,有利于提高玉米杂交种产量的稳定性.

烟糯六号是烟台市农科院玉米所育成的糯质白粒玉米杂交种, 2001年 4月经山东省农作物品种审定委员会审定定名.该品种现已在山东、江苏、河南、河北、重庆等 10多个省市推广应用.为了提高制种产量和制种效益,加快新品种的推广速度,我们对烟糯六号的高产制种技术进行了研究.

根据糯玉米区域试验资料,对影响籽粒产量的株型、产量性状及籽粒营养成分进行了研究.结果表明,紧凑型杂交种的籽粒产量及大部分产量性状高于平展型杂交种;穗长、穗粗和千粒重是影响籽粒产量的主导因素;不同杂交种之间在籽粒营养成分及果皮厚度上存在着明显差异.因此认为,株型紧凑、营养成分含量高及果皮薄的大穗大粒型杂交种是糯玉米育种的主要目标.

常规育种条件下,一年一季地选育玉米自交系一般需要10年左右的时间,不能适应现代玉米生产发展的需要,利用我国南方冬季温暖的气候条件,南北交替种植,一年种植玉米二三代,可以加速选育世代和种子繁殖,缩短育种年限,还有助于对性状的异地选择和鉴定,从而提高育种的质量和效果. 适于冬种玉米的南繁基地,以海南岛南部即五指山脉以南的三亚、陵水、乐东等地最为理想.南繁育种必须充分利用南方有利条件,克服不利因素,促进玉米正常生长发育,才能为选育创造有利的条件.南繁实践证明,采取以下技术措施,是使南繁玉米正常生长发育的关键.

根据山东省特用玉米区域试验资料,对参加试验的14个糯玉米杂交种的主要经济性状进行了研究.结果表明,不同杂交种在子粒产量、熟期、商品果穗率等方面存在着明显的差异.参试糯玉米品种熟期的平均值为95.5天,穗粒数偏少,公顷穗数和千粒重较高,商品果穗率为75.1%.

烟糯6号是由山东省烟台市农业科学研究院于1995年以两个自选系组配的白粒糯质玉米杂交种.经过1999～2000年山东省糯玉米区域试验和几年的大面积生产示范,表现出高产稳产、抗病抗倒、子粒蛋白质和淀粉含量高、果皮薄、商品果穗率高等特点,生产上具有较高的应用价值.2001年通过山东省农作物品种审定委员会审定.

The research was carried out on the effects of the spike position height coefficient of maize hybirds on yield characteristics, based on 2 years regional test materials of summer maize in North China,by using the correlation analysis of characteristics. The results showed that the spike position height coefficient has positive relevance with spike length, grains per row,1000 grains weight and yield and negative relevance with rows per spike and spike diameter. So this coefficient can be regarded as criterion of selection in high-yield-breeding.

烟糯六号是山东省烟台市农业科学院选育的糯质玉米单交种.全生育期96 d,鲜穗采收期79 d左右.双穗率高达70%.抗大、小斑病,耐青枯病,抗粗缩病、黑粉病.籽粒白色,风味较好.以鲜食为主.注意与其他品种隔离,种植密度60 000～67 500株/hm2.施有机肥37 500 kg/hm2,N 300～375 kg/hm2,P2O5 150 kg/hm2,K2O! 225～300 kg/hm2.春播鲜食采收期为授粉后20～25 d.夏播为30～35 d.

烟糯6号是烟台市农科院玉米研究所于1995年以自选自交系6125为母本,1211为父本杂交育成的白粒糯质玉米新杂交种.该品种产量高、糯性强、营养丰富、风味独特、清香可口,是普通鲜玉米所无法比拟的.2001年4月经山东省农作物品种审定委员会审定.

By using the linear-restrict analysis, the research analyzed andstudied the major agronomic characteristics of maize hybrid selected in 1990s in North China.The results showed that the selected hybrid beared with the shorter growth period,less kernel rows,higher kernel weight,shorter ear length and slighter ear diameter. With the increase of yield threshold,the apparent value of economic characteristic increased at the same time.This shows that the new hybrid possessed higher increase-yield potential.

对山东省近期育成的特用糯玉米杂交种主要农艺性状及籽粒营养成分进行了研究.结果表明,育成品种以中秆、中早熟杂交种为主;果穗以中穗类型居多,籽粒多为中间型;不同类型间鲜穗和干粒产量存在明显差异.不同品种最佳采收期和成熟期籽粒的营养成分有不同变化,成熟期籽粒的蛋白质、粗纤维、可溶性糖的含量较采收期降低,总淀粉和粗脂肪的含量则提高.不同品种之间果皮厚度存在明显差异.

衡白522是从地方品种衡白多穗中自交分离出的糯质玉米自交系,具有抗倒、抗病、配合力高、综合农艺性状优良等特点,用以组配的烟单5号(糯)、苏玉(糯)1号和烟糯95-3等糯质玉米杂交种,已大面积应用于生产,显著地增加了社会经济效益.

The research was carried out on the effects of 7 agronomic characteristics of maize hybrids on their grain yielding stability, based on 2 years regional test materials of summer corns in North China, by using the correlation analysis between regression coefficient and characteristics . The results showed that most agronomic characteristics have negative relevance with yielding stability of hybrids. The most two important factors are rows per spike and 1000 grains weight, while spike position and its length、plant height and grains per spike have little relevance. In the practice of breeding, such measures as enhancing selection of those characteristics which have little effects on yielding stability but great effects on grain yielding, properly lowering the height of spike position and increasing grains per spike, are all helpful to improve yielding stability of maize hybrids.

对玉米籽粒产量与穗粒数、干粒重之间的关系进行了研究.结果表明,穗粒数对籽粒产量的影响更大,育种上可把穗粒数作为重要的选择指标;并探讨了多粒型玉米品种的选育途径.