目的 了解社区获得性肺炎患儿住院情况,分析影响住院时间的因素.方法 采用分层抽样方法,以年份为分层变量,共抽取800份在2009-2012年期发病的社区获得性肺炎患儿的病例.使用数据摘录表采集患儿个体信息、发病就诊经过、体格检查、住院期间治疗史等相关信息.结果 住院时间最短1d,最长37 d,中位数为7(P25=6,P75=8)d.不同治疗结局的社区获得性肺炎患儿平均住院时间差异具有统计学意义(x2=103.26,P＜0.001).多因素Cox比例风险分析结果显示,在痊愈的患儿中,使用炎琥宁的患儿较早出院的可能性是使用喜炎平患者的0.42(95％ CI:0.28 ～0.64),使用单磷酸腺苷的患儿较早出院的可能性是使用喜炎平患者的0.38(95％CI:0.24～0.60);但在好转的患儿中,使用炎琥宁的患儿较早出院的可能性是使用喜炎平患者的0.48(95％ CI:0.23 ～0.99).结论 儿童社区获得性肺炎住院时间受人口统计学因素、临床表现和治疗手段的多重影响,建议临床从业者有意识地、明确地制定关于个人的诊疗方案.

目的：了解绍兴市流行性腮腺炎（流腮）流行特征。方法利用描述流行病学分析方法，对绍兴市2004—2012年疾病监测信息报告管理系统的流腮疫情资料进行分析。结果绍兴市2004—2012年共报告流腮24353例，年平均报告发病率为56.83/10万，病例集中在3～14岁儿童，占84.59％。发生暴发疫情36起，共有1057例发病。所有暴发疫情均发生在托幼机构及中小学校。结论绍兴市流腮发病率较高，应从 MMR 联合疫苗的推广、重点场所的疫情监测以及重点人群的健康教育3方面开展防控工作。

Objective To understand the reason for the increase of measles incidence in Shaoxing,Zhejiang province in 2013. Methods The correlation between medical care seeking and high incidence of measles was analyzed through a case-control study of 166 laboratory diagnosed measles cases and 498 age-matched controls living in same areas. The study was conducted from January to June 2013. All the subjects completed the questionnaires on risk factors for measles,household survey record forms and written informed consents. Data were analyzed by using Pearson χ2test,Mantel-Haenszel χ2test, T-test of independent sample and Cox proportional hazards regression model. Results Medical care seeking during measles incubation period was correlated with the reported increase of measles incidence,the OR was 9. 08(95% CI:2. 58-31. 95) among children aged 7 months,13. 01(95% CI: 2. 85-59. 40) among children aged 7 months to 14 years,and 16. 53(95% CI:8. 16-33. 47) among children aged 15 years. Cox proportional hazards regression analysis indicated that medical care seeking due to respiratory symptoms including cough and fever,was the risk factor to be attacked by measles(ORMH= 36. 21,95% CI:4. 56-289. 16). Staying in treatment room(OR = 3. 72,95% CI:1. 06-13. 04) and ward(OR = 8. 50,95% CI:1. 70-42. 38) had higher risk than staying in registration room and consulting room. Conclusion Strong correlation between hospital exposure and high incidence of measles do exist. Inappropriate triage of patients in hospitals and insufficient ventilation in treatment rooms and wards were the major risk factors.

<正>流行性脑脊髓膜炎(流脑)是由脑膜炎奈瑟菌感染引起的急性呼吸道传染病[1],常在冬春季节引起发病与流行。该病在未实施计划免疫前,流行强度大,病死率高,致残率高。浙江省自1979年开始使用A群流脑多糖菌苗后,发病率逐步下降,从1990年开始报告发病率保持在1/10万以

Objective To explore the prevalence of self-injury behaviors and the relationship with sub-health status among adolescents in Shaoxing city,and to provide evidence for the prevention and control of self-injury.Methods By cluster sampling method,1 654 students were chosen from one university,two high schools and two middle schools in Shaoxing city.In a prospective,longitudinal study,all adolescents were surveyed with a baseline and 3 follow-up assessments.The information,such as demographic variable and self-injury behaviors was collected by self-administered questionnaire,and the Multidimensional Sub-health Questionnaire of Adolescents(MSQA) was used to assess sub-health.Results The total incidence rate of self-injury behavior was 26.7%(441/1 654) among adolescents in Shaoxing city.There was statistically significantly difference in self-injury behavior rate between boy and girl,the girls' self-injury behavior rate rate was significantly higher than boys(χ2=5.944,P=0.015).Logistic regression analysis showed that the factors of gender,study burden,grade and sub-health status were independent predictors of adolescent self-harm behavior.Conclusion Self-injury behavior rate is high in adolescents,which varied by different sex.Study burden and sub-health status may predict self-injury behavior,which should be worth of further research.

Objective To understand alcohol drinking,cigarette smoking,unhealthy weight control behaviors and the effect of psychosocial factors on these risk behaviors among Shaoxing adolescents,and to explore the soci-psychological factors on it.Methods Cluster sampling method was used to select one university,two high schools and two middle schools in Shaoxing City.In a prospective,longitudinal study,all adolescents were surveyed with a baseline and 3 follow-up assessments over one year period,information regarding demographic variable,alcohol drinking,cigarette smoking,diet-related behaviors was collected by self-administered questionnaire,and the Multidimensional Sub-health Questionnaire of Adolescents(MSQA)was used to assess mental health.Data were analyzed using Pearson Chi-square and multivariate Logistic regression.Results Male adolescents were significantly more likely to engage in cigarette smoking,alcohol drinking and heavy episodic drinking than female adolescents(χ2=78.512,P0.01;χ2=80.441,P0.01;χ2=29.938,P0.01),while female adolescents significantly more likely to engage in unhealthy weight control behaviors(χ2=8.636,P=0.003;χ2=148.591,P0.01).In the logistic regression model,resident place and sub-health status were significantly associated with unhealthy weight control behaviors,the adolescents with high grade and sub-health status were correlated with greater likelihood of heavy episodic drinking,and having light study burden,female adolescent were protect factors of episodic drinking.Conclusion The sub-health status is an important predictor of later heavy episodic drinking and unhealthy weight control behaviors in adolescents.Thus,it is important to screen sub-health-status for prevention and control of youth risk behavior.

Objective To establish a risk assessment system for emerging infectious diseases in Shaoxing city,and to provide scientific evidence for prevention and control of diseases.Methods Risk assessment system was set up by analytic hierarchy process.Risk factors were selected according to experts' suggestions and conditions in Shaoxing city.Results According to source of infection,route of transmission and measures of prevention and control,14 kinds of risk factors were selected.Domestic distribution of source of infection(0.2416),natural factors(0.1365),social factors(0.1365)and international distribution of source of infection(0.1365) were high risk factors.This system had been used sucessfully in Shaoxing city.Conclusions This study provides a basic method of assessing infectious diseases risk.The risk of emerging infectious diseases in shaoxing can be effectively assessed by this system.

<正>2007年7月,绍兴市首次发生人感染猪链球菌病例,随后又发生2例,绍兴市疾病预防控制中心立即派专业人员调查处理,现将结果报告如下。1对象与方法1.1对象3例被诊断为人感染猪链球菌病例及其密切接触

Objective To assess the risk of emerging infectious diseases in Shaoxing city,and provide scientific evidence for prevention and control of the diseases.Methods 21 infectious diseases were selected and assessed by 41 specialists,and the results were analysed through analytic hierarchy process.Results The risk of emerging infectious diseases in Shaoxing could be effectively assessed by analytic hierarchy process.The riskiest top ten emerging infectious diseases were HIV/AIDS(3.206),cholera(3.103),SARS(2.804),acute schistosomiasis(2.784),malaria(2.777),legionnelosis(2.743),human bird flu(2.734),dengue fever(2.702),E.coli.O157:H7 enteritis(2.593) and plague(2.553) respectively.Conclusion All of the 21 infectious diseases in this study might import to Shaoxing city.The current measure of prevention and control of these diseases need to be improved.

目的了解绍兴市娱乐场所性服务小姐AIDS知识和相关危险行为,为AIDS行为干预提供依据。方法用随机抽样方法抽取市区20家娱乐场所性服务小姐314名,采用一对一匿名的问卷式调查。结果性服务小姐AIDS知识缺乏,AIDS传播途径全对率5.21%,预防知识全对率12.05%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=9.11,P<0.005)。安全套使用率低,最近一次与客人发生性关系时只有37.39%的性服务小姐使用安全套,性服务小姐中有一部分吸毒者,即具有双重身份。结论有针对性的加强对高危人群的健康教育,使其改变高危行为或采取安全性行为,以控制AIDS的蔓延。

中国已进入艾滋病(AIDS)流行的上升期[1].在传播方式上性乱人群逐渐成为重要的HV感染人群[2].为了解绍兴市娱乐场所女性性服务人员AIDS相关危险行为,为AIDS流行提供早期预警和为AIDS行为干预提供相关信息.我们于2004年下半年对市区娱乐场所的性服务小姐进行了AIDS有关知信行调查,现将结果报告如下.

Objective : To study the current status of sexual knowledge, sexual attitudes,sexual behaviors and needs of sexual knowledge in college students. Methods:An anonymousself-administered questionaire was conducted among 1 057 sophomores and undergraduatein a university of Shaoxing by random sampling. Results :University students were stillshort of AIDS knowledge. Students who were aware of the three routes of AIDS transmissionaccounted for 83.80%～89.73%. University students were still short of safe sex knowledge.About 23.86%～40.04% of them had contacted pornographic mediagraphic media. 14.65%had premarital sexual behaviors. The average age for sex initiation was 19.04,the averagenumber of partner was 1.69. 72.39% of the students who have sextual activity have lowcondom use ratio. Conclusion:Not only the dissemination of the knowledge should beregarded, but also the change of the behavior and the establishment and maintenance ofthe security behavior should be emphasized in the health education of venereal disease andAIDS to the undergraduate , we should pay equal attention to the health education and thebehavior intervention.

2004年10月3日～14日,嵊州市谷来镇中学学生出现群体性皮炎症状,接到报告后,为明确病因,及时采取预防与控制措施,绍兴市疾病预防控制中心专业人员赴现场进行了流行病学调查.