小井眼三联合胶塞固井技术可以解决小井眼固井顶替量准确控制、管柱验封的技术问题,关键工具为校准塞承压盘,其破裂效果及胶塞的耐磨性能影响着小井眼固井顶替量的准确性.介绍了小井眼三联合胶塞固井技术工艺原理、校准塞结构原理.通过理论计算、模拟分析及室内试验等,对施工工艺及校准塞进行研究.现场试验成功率100％,校准塞破裂盘打开压裂误差小于5％,验证了工艺的可行性及关键工具的可靠性.

在调研国内外本领域最新研究进展的前提下,对超短半径水平井钻井技术进行了深入研究,开发了超短半径造斜工具和可以实时测量井斜的近钻头测斜仪器,并通过模拟分析和信号传输试验获得了相关技术参数,为开展超短半径水平井钻井提供了重要理论依据.

为了解决煤层气多分支水平井分支井眼因重入困难、不能下入筛管、无法实现筛管完井的问题,研制了空心结构的筛管完井重入引导工具,优选了煤层气多分支水平井完井方式,给出了分支井眼重入筛管完井施工步骤,形成了煤层气多分支水平井分支井眼重入筛管完井技术.该技术在沁试12平1井的现场试验结果表明,对比重入引导工具与钻进时MWD测得的井眼轨迹数据可判断是否重入成功,筛管能顺利通过筛管完井重入引导工具下至分支井眼,实现分支井眼筛管完井.研究结果表明,煤层气多分支水平井分支井眼重入筛管完井技术,解决了煤层气水平井分支井眼无法重入、不能实现筛管完井的问题.

对于化工机械设备来说,其安全管理的相关问题会直接影响着企业财产以及工作人员的生命安全.因此,化工企业有必要对化工机械设备的安全管理进行一定的加强,在使用机械设备进行生产的过程中,一定要对安全管理进行高度的重视.从目前的情况来看,仍然有许多的问题出现在某些化工企业中,并且导致员工对其工作不感兴趣.本文主对化工机械设备的安全管理问题进行了较为详细的分析,并介绍了相关的管理措施.

为实现低成本、高效的开发煤层气,利用原有多分支水平井排采直井或者压裂排采直井,将“L”型水平井与其连通,达到低成本、高效的控面增产的效果.由于利用老井开发,连通技术是其关键技术,连通施工工况多在玻璃钢套管连通或者煤层洞穴已垮的井眼连通,磁信号干扰严重,如何精确有效的做到两井连通,还不妨碍后期措施是技术实现的关键.本文介绍利用煤层气连通技术,实现新井眼与老井眼的沟通,达到盘活老井,增加采气面积,实现增产的目的.

靖边气田集气站采用三甘醇脱水工艺对原料天然气进行脱水处理,随着气田增压的实施,夏季生产过程中因压缩机排气温度高,导致下游脱水橇吸收塔运行温度高于设计温度,影响脱水效果,造成集气站外输露点控制困难,给下游集气管线运行带来不利影响.本文结合集气站生产实际,通过对增压生产时影响脱水橇进气温度的因素分析,提出优化控制措施,并进行可行性探讨,对实际生产具有非常重要的意义.

在特殊的U型、E型井的勘探开发中,为了降低主井眼和洞穴井的连通难度,也便于后续排采,采用顶板泥岩造穴.然而,顶板泥岩地层致密、研磨性强,传统的煤层造穴工具效率低下.因此,研发了一种由水力喷射和机械破岩复合而成的单翼造穴工具.在郑1平-4v井等应用中,三趟钻完成了顶板泥岩造穴施工,洞穴深度6 m,洞穴直径600 mm.结果表明,该工具结构简单、性能安全可靠,为山西煤层气的勘探开发提供了技术支撑.

To prevent the plugging of lost circulation prevention fluid, it is necessary to disassembly the directional drilling instrument and run in drill pipe to treat well loss, which is time-consuming and costly.In view of this, a multi-opening circulating valve has been developed.The circulating valve, which is ball activated, has the features of safety and reliability, easy operation and stable performance.The valve could be connected in the drill string without influencing the normal drilling operations, and could allow up to 6 times well loss plugging operations.Field application results show that the multi-opening circulating valve has not only stable switching performance but also has high temperature resistance reliability.Under the drilling fluid density of 1.3 g/cm3, the valve had a cumulative downhole time of 300 h and working time of 200 h during drilling 3 823 ~ 4 238 m with the footage of 415 m.Compared with similar foreign tools, the developed multi-opening circulating valve requires low operation expense, and could effectively shorten the drilling cycle, reduce drilling costs, presenting good economic benefits.

针对国内在建的盐穴储气库其盐岩大都具有品位低、泥质夹层较多、不溶杂质含量较高的特点,对堆积物的形成及存在的影响进行了阐述,基于微积分原理采用线性插值方法对其堆积各项体积参数进行了分析和计算,得出了堆积物扩容体积的评价方法,并对相应扩容工艺进行了优选分析,最后结合现场生产和堆积物条件,在国内金坛某库区A井完成了扩容现场试验及效果分析,据分析结果充分利用堆积空隙体积多排出残余卤水近5000 m3,腔体实现了有效扩容,扩容方案应用可行.

煤层气复杂结构水平井是为解决井塌、埋卡事故,井眼坍塌堵塞采气通道,在后期增产作业过程中,洞穴易垮塌、管柱下入困难,主井眼无法重入等问题而应用新井型.复杂结构水平井是由一个多分支水平井和两个直井洞穴排采井组成,多分支水平井主支和排采井洞穴在地层较为稳定的顶板泥岩,针对这种特殊井型配套了顶板泥岩造穴技术、连通技术、悬空侧钻技术、固壁技术等.以达到"主支疏通、分支控面、脉支解吸"的设计理念.

为减少对环境破坏及降低煤层气水平井投资成本，利用原有的压裂直井井场，再布置一口排采斜井，由水平井和排采斜井组成“U”型井组，因此需进行水平井和斜井连通技术研究及试验。水平井与斜井连通技术是为了满足煤层气新井型而形成的创新型连通技术，在山西沁水盆地煤层气水平井组中开展了连通技术的先导试验，取得了成功，形成了相关的配套技术。结合山西煤层气新井型的设计，介绍了水平井与斜井连通技术配套设备和华北油田煤层气现场应用情况。

对我国煤层气钻井完井技术现状进行了归纳和总结,结果认为:煤储层地质基础薄弱、井壁易失稳、煤层损害严重以及完井效果差等难题严重制约了我国煤层气高效勘探开发;已开展的多分支水平井技术、U型井技术及其配套的连通和裸眼造洞穴等技术取得了长足进展,一定程度上缓解了以上技术难题的制约.生产实践表明,由清水钻井引起的钻井安全与煤层保护的矛盾仍然突出,国内煤层气产量依然偏低.进而建议,加强对煤层专用钻井液、煤层损害解除方法的研究,尽快制定煤层气钻井相关室内实验评价方法和矿场评价方法的行业及国家标准,探索矿权制度改革,开展煤层气与常规气、致密气合采关键技术研究,积极开展煤层气多层钻完井、复杂结构井增产措施配套技术研究.

The system experimental investigation of screw drill vulnerable parts of universal joint petals material 20CrMnTi was carried out.The mechanical properties and microstructure of 20CrMnTi steel before and after cryogenic treatment were comparatively analyzed.The performance improvement of 20CrMnTi steel after cryogenic treatment was discussed.The process of extending screw drill worklife was found.

The paper focuses on the dynamics optimization of the pin joints which determine the operating performance and life of a novel Large-diameter Coal-bed Methane Reaming Tool (LCMRT). For this purpose, the constraint force equations of the pin joints for LCMRT are first established using Newton-Euler dynamics theory. Moreover, the virtual prototype model of LCMRT is created for dynamics simulations. Based on the dynamics simulations, the constraint forces of the pin joints are shown. Size optimization results for LCMRT are exhibited and described in detail through parametric model. Finally, the results of dynamics simulations based on the LCMRT optimized are demonstrated to validate optimization effect.

To meet the requirement of complex reservoir drilling and completion on special completion string and tools,the Engineering Technology Research Institute of CNPC Bohai Drilling Engineering Co.,Ltd.developed the full hole series liner hanger and systematic completion tools after years of efforts.The new equipment is characterized by advanced and rational design,high load carrying capacity,reliable and stable performance,simple operation in the field,and high success rate of pump pressure.Successful construction could easily be achieved using this tool.It could also meet the demand of liner cementing of various conventional wells,complex wells,and special wells.This paper mainly introduced the structure principle,technical parameters,and characteristics of the liner hanger,and gave a brief introduction to its field application.

在煤层气井裸眼洞穴造穴过程中,机械造穴工具的优劣影响到扩孔的质量与速度,是最关键的装置.介绍了大直径煤层气机械造穴工具(LCMRT)的结构特点及工作原理,基于牛顿一欧拉动力学方程对大直径煤层气井机械造穴工具的连接销理想约束反力进行了求解,运用ADAMS对大直径煤层气井机械造穴工具进行仿真分析,重点分析影响造穴工具使用寿命的销钉受力情况,得出销轴受力规律,进而指导工具的设计.

It is critical to build simulation software for the coal-bed methane reaming tool has important significance for designing and studying of reaming tool.By developing ADAMS software system,a set of simulation and analysis software system was established.active exploration and trial has been carried for the visual interface of modeling and simulation,parametric model,structure optimization and work condition optimization in the application of design process of reaming tool.The introduced contents mainly are parametric model establishment and interface design of reaming tool,the simulation platform system of reaming tool development by applying software engineering concept.Further,the simulation software can be used to optimize the design to improve the design efficiency of the coal-bed methane reaming tool.

A composite cavity-forming technique is developed,which includes a set of safe and highly effective jets plus mechanical tools based on the fact that the efficiency is universally low and risks are high in making cavities in open CBM wells both at home and abroad.After making site tests in a multiple of wells,the authors developed a series of jets and mechanical tools and the associated cavity-making technology.Breakthrough was made in a number of technologies,which provide technical guarantee for effective extraction of coalbed methane.

A composite cavity-forming technique is developed, which includes a set of safe and highly effective jets plus mechanical tools based on the fact that the efficiency is universally low and risks are high in making cavities in open CBM wells both at home and abroad. After making site tests in a multiple of wells, the authors developed a series of jets and mechanical tools and the associated cavity - making technology. Breakthrough was made in a number of technologies, which provide technical guarantee for effective extraction of coalbed methane.