采用化学共还原方法,以ISOBAM-104作为保护剂制备了Mo/Ni双金属纳米颗粒,并研究了ISOBAM-104用量、还原过程中KBH4用量、金属离子浓度等对其催化KBH4制氢性能的影响.结果表明:R1sO=40(RisO为ISOBAM-104与金属盐的物质的量的比),RKBH4=5(RKBH4为KBH4与金属盐离子的物质的量的比),金属离子的浓度为2 mmol·L-1时,Mo10Ni90的催化制氢效果最好.在303 K的条件下,Mo10Ni90的催化活性达1 134 mol-H2·mol-cat-1·h-1,其催化KBH4水解反应的活化能为39.84 kJ/mol.同时Mo/Ni双金属催化剂具有良好的耐久性,在九次重复试验后,其催化性能无明显降低.

由于在非氧化物陶瓷基体中引入石墨烯可通过裂纹偏转及桥接等多种增韧机制来提高其强度和断裂韧性,因此综述了石墨烯增强增韧非氧化物陶瓷(例如:硼化物陶瓷、氮化物陶瓷、碳化物陶瓷等)的研究现状,总结了石墨烯在非氧化物陶瓷中的增韧机制,提出了该复合陶瓷存在的缺点,并指出了其发展方向.

以SiC粉和硅粉为原料,原位合成的Cr 2 O 3 为催化剂,采用催化氮化法制备了Si 3 N 4 /SiC耐火材料,研究了催化剂用量及氮化温度对耐火材料物相组成、微观形貌、物理性能和力学性能的影响。结果表明:当氮化温度为1 673K,Cr 2 O 3 含量（与硅粉质量之比,下同）为3%时,硅粉完全氮化,耐火材料主要由颗粒状SiC和晶须状α-Si 3 N 4 、β-Si 3 N 4 等组成;随着Cr 2 O 3 含量的增加,Si 3 N 4 晶须的数量增多,长度增大,耐火材料变得致密;随氮化温度的升高,耐火材料的抗折强度和耐压强度均增大,当氮化温度为1 673K、Cr 2 O 3 含量为3%时,抗折强度和耐压强度均最大,分别为34MPa和132MPa。

以SiC粉和硅粉为原料,原位合成的Cr2O3为催化剂,采用催化氮化法制备了Si3N4/SiC耐火材料,研究了催化剂用量及氮化温度对耐火材料物相组成、微观形貌、物理性能和力学性能的影响.结果表明:当氮化温度为1673 K,Cr2O3含量(与硅粉质量之比,下同)为3％时,硅粉完全氮化,耐火材料主要由颗粒状SiC和晶须状α-Si3N4、β-Si3N4等组成;随着Cr2O3含量的增加,Si3N4晶须的数量增多,长度增大,耐火材料变得致密;随氮化温度的升高,耐火材料的抗折强度和耐压强度均增大,当氮化温度为1673 K、Cr2O3含量为3％时,抗折强度和耐压强度均最大,分别为34 MPa和132 MPa.

ZrB2-SiC composite powder was prepared by microwave and molten-salt co-assisted boro/carbothermal reduction method with ZrO2,SiO2,B4C and activated carbon as reactants,and with NaCl and KCl as molten-salt.The effects of reaction temperature,reaction time,B4C and molten-salt content on the phase composition and microstructure of the product were investigated.The results show that with the increase of reaction temperature,reaction time,B4C content and molten-salt content,the synthetic reaction of ZrB2 and SiC occurred more completely,and the diffraction peaks of ZrB2 in the product were getting stronger.When the reaction temperature was 1 200 ℃,reaction time was 20 min,salt to reactant mass ratio was 2:1 and the molar ratio of B4C to ZrO2was 0.8,the pure-phased ZrB2-SiC composite powder with average grain size of 38 μm was obtained,where ZrB2 had a one-dimensional rod-like structure with a diameter of about 1.35 μm and an average length to diameter ratio over 10.