To evaluate the altered network topological properties and their clinical relevance in patients with posttraumatic diffuse axonal injury (DAI). Forty-seven participants were recruited in this study, underwent 3D T1-weighted and resting-state functional MRI, and had single-subject morphological brain networks (MBNs) constructed by Kullback–Leibler divergence and functional brain networks (FBNs) constructed by Pearson correlation measurement interregional similarity. The global and regional properties were analyzed and compared using graph theory and network-based statistics (NBS), and the relationship with clinical manifestations was assessed. Compared with those of the healthy subjects, MBNs of patients with DAI showed a higher path length ( Lp : P = 0.021, λ : P = 0.011), lower clustering ( γ : P = 0.002) and less small-worldness ( σ : P = 0.002), but there was no significant difference in the global properties of FBNs ( P : 0.161–0.216). For nodal properties of MBNs and FBNs, several regions showed significant differences between patients with DAI and healthy controls (HCs) ( P < 0.05, FDR corrected). NBS analysis revealed that MBNs have more altered morphological connections in the frontal parietal control network and interhemispheric connections ( P < 0.05). DAI-related global or nodal properties of MBNs were correlated with physical disability or dyscognition ( P < 0.05/7, with Bonferroni correction), and the alteration of functional topology properties mediates this relationship. Our results suggested that disrupted morphological topology properties, which are mediated by FBNs and correlated with clinical manifestations of DAI, play a critical role in the short-term and medium-term phases after trauma.

Traumatic axonal injury (TAI) may result in the disruption of brain functional networks and is strongly associated with cognitive impairment. However, the neural mechanisms affecting the neurocognitive function after TAI remain to be elucidated. We collected the resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data from 28 patients with TAI and 28 matched healthy controls. An automated anatomical labeling atlas was used to construct a functional brain connectome. We utilized a graph theoretical approach to investigate the alterations in global and regional network topologies, and network-based statistics analysis was utilized to localize the connected networks more precisely. The current study revealed that patients with TAI and healthy controls both showed a typical small-world topology of the functional brain networks. However, patients with TAI exhibited a significantly lower local efficiency compared to healthy controls, whereas no significant difference emerged in other small-world properties (Cp, Lp, γ, λ, and σ) and global efficiency. Moreover, patients with TAI exhibited aberrant nodal centralities in some regions, including the frontal lobes, parietal lobes, caudate nucleus, and cerebellum bilaterally, and right olfactory cortex. The network-based statistics results showed alterations in the long-distance functional connections in the subnetwork in patients with TAI, involving these brain regions with significantly altered nodal centralities. These alterations suggest that brain networks of individuals with TAI present aberrant topological attributes that are associated with cognitive impairment, which could be potential biomarkers for predicting cognitive dysfunction and help understanding the neuropathological mechanisms in patients with TAI.

Altered cerebral structure and function have been observed in young survivors of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). However, the topological organization of the morphological brain networks (MBNs) has not yet been investigated at the individual level. Twenty-three young survivors of ALL and twenty healthy controls (HCs) were recruited and underwent T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanning. After preprocessing and segmentation, individual-based MBNs were constructed based on the morphological similarity of gray matter using the combined Euclidean distance. Young survivors showed a significantly lower global clustering coefficient (p = 0.008) and local efficiency (p = 0.035) compared with HCs. In addition, ALL survivors exhibited bidirectional alterations (decreases and increases) in nodal centrality and efficiency around the Rolandic operculum and posterior occipital lobe (p < 0.05, false discovery rate (FDR) corrected). Altered nodal topological efficiencies were associated with off-therapy duration and verbal memory capacity in the digit span test (p < 0.05, FDR corrected). Network-based statistical analysis revealed decreased morphological connections mainly in the pallidum subnetwork, which was negatively correlated with off-therapy durations (p < 0.05). Overall, the topological organization of the individual-based MBNs was disrupted in the young survivors of ALL, which may play a crucial role in executive efficiency deficits.

Objective:To investigate the changes of glymphatic system function at relapse and remission phases in patients with relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) and their relations with clinical parameters.Methods:Sixteen patients with RRMS at relapsing phase and 25 patients with RRMS at remitting phase, admitted to Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University from September 2012 to December 2020, were enrolled; and 29 normal controls were recruited at the same period in Physical Examination Center the same hospital. The diffusion tensor imaging data were analyzed retrospectively, and the along perivascular space (ALPS) index was calculated. The differences in clinical data and ALPS index among the 3 groups were compared, and the correlations between ALPS index and clinical parameters in RRMS patients were analyzed.Results:The scores of expanded disability status scale (EDSS) and modified fatigue impact scale (MFIS) in patients at relapsing phase were significantly higher than those in patients at remitting phase ( P<0.05). The ALPS index in bilateral cerebral hemispheres in the control group was significantly higher than that in RRMS patients at relapse and remission phases ( P<0.05). In patients with RRMS at relapse phase, the ALPS index in the left cerebral hemisphere was negatively correlated with disease duration and EDSS scores ( r=-0.536, P=0.032; r=-0.573, P=0.020). Conclusion:Patients with RRMS have glymphatic system dysfunction; this dysfunction may be the potential pathological basis of clinical dysfunction in patients with RRMS at relapsing phase.

目的 探讨能谱CT与定量CT(QCT)测量新鲜的香猪椎体标本骨密度(BMD)的相关性及一致性.方法 新鲜香猪椎体骨6副(按QCT测量标准,选取每副椎体骨其中的3个椎体),利用GE Revolution CT机能谱模式扫描下的物质分离技术测量椎体骨松质的羟基磷灰石(HAP)含量,同时进行标准QCT扫描,测量相对应感兴趣区(ROI)的椎体BMD.对2组测量结果使用配对样本t检验、Pearson相关性分析、组内相关系数(ICC)以及Bland-Altman散点图统计学方法进行分析.结果 在能谱CT中测量的BMD值为(329.66±51.71)mg/cm3,稍低于QCT测量的BMD值(341.11±53.23)mg/cm3,2组数据呈高度线性相关(r=0.921,P<0.001).ICC为0.742(P<0.005).对2组数据采用Bland-Altman散点图分析,绝大部分差值位于差值平均值±1.96标准差范围内.结论 2种方法测量的BMD相关性及一致性好,在能谱CT的物质分离技术中,选择H AP-水作为基物质对时,骨松质的HAP含量反映了椎体骨松质的BMD,为能谱CT测定BMD的临床使用提供评价和随访依据.

Objective Diffuse axonal injury (DAI) is a common pathological process after traumatic brain injury, which may cause survivors severe functional disorders, including cognitive impairment and physical disability. Recent literature indicated lateral hypothalamus and medial hypothalamus damage during DAI. Thus, we aim to investigate whether there is imaging evidence of hypothalamic injury in patients with DAI and its clinical association. Methods Twenty-four patients with diagnosed DAI and 26 age and sex-matched healthy controls underwent resting-state functional MRI. We assessed the lateral hypothalamus and medial hypothalamus functional connectivity with seed-based analysis in DAI. Furthermore, a partial correlation was used to measure its clinical association. The prediction of the severity of DAI from the altered lateral hypothalamus and medial hypothalamus connectivity was conducted using a general linear model. Results Compared with healthy control, the DAI group showed significantly decreased lateral hypothalamus functional connectivity with the basal ganglia and cingulate gyrus, which was positively correlated with mini-mental state examination scores (Bonferroni correction at P < 0.0125). Importantly, this disrupted functional connectivity can be used to predict the patients’ cognitive state reliably (P = 0.006; P = 0.009, respectively) in DAI. Moreover, we also observed increased connectivity of medial hypothalamus with the superior temporal gyrus and the regions around the operculum. Furthermore, there was a trend of negative correlation between the medial hypothalamus functional connectivity changes to the right superior temporal gyrus and the disability rating scale scores in the DAI group. Conclusion Our results suggest that there are alterations of medial hypothalamus and lateral hypothalamus connectivity in DAI and further understand its clinical symptoms, including related cognitive impairment.

目的 探讨肝脏上皮样血管平滑肌脂肪瘤(hepatic epithelioid angiomyolipoma,HEAML)的CT与MRI表现,以提高对其的认识及诊断准确率.方法 回顾性分析10例经手术病理确诊的HEAML患者的CT和MRI表现,并分析其误诊原因.结果 术前被误诊为肝细胞肝癌5例,误诊为胆管细胞癌1例,误诊为局灶性结节增生2例,误诊为囊腺癌1例,诊断为血管平滑肌脂肪瘤1例.10例HEAML中男2例,女8例,年龄37～61岁,中位年龄49岁,病灶均单发,其中位于肝右叶4例、肝左叶6例,肿瘤长径为2.3～12.7 cm.4例行CT平扫,呈不均匀稍低密度,2例含脂肪密度,1例有出血灶.8例行MRI平扫表现为T1 WI呈稍低信号,T2 WI呈稍高信号,6例信号不均匀;7例行CT增强及10例行MRI增强,动脉期大多为不均匀明显强化,仅1例均匀明显强化.增强模式为"快进慢出"型5例、"快进快出"型4例、延迟强化1例.动脉期6例病灶可见"早期引流静脉",8例可见"迂曲血管征",4例可见肝动脉供血,4例见假包膜征.结论 HEAML的影像学表现具有一定特征性,可提高术前诊断率,但其确诊仍有赖于组织病理学及免疫组织化学检查.

PURPOSE:We explored changes in spontaneous brain connectivity in patients with diffuse axonal injury (DAI), assessed via functional connectivity density (FCD) tests using different frequency bands. PATIENTS AND METHODS:In all, 23 patients with DAI (17 males and 6 females) and 23 healthy controls (HCs; 17 males and 6 females) were included. Functional magnetic resonance imaging scans were performed when the participants were in a resting state and the FCD levels in three frequency bands (slow-4: 0.027-0.073 Hz, slow-5: 0.01-0.027 Hz, and typical: 0.01-0.08 Hz) were measured. In addition, Pearson's correlation coefficient was used to explore the relationship between clinical indices and brain regions with abnormal FCD values. RESULTS:Compared to HCs, DAI patients had significantly greater FCD values in the right extranuclear/limbic lobe/cingulate gyrus and left limbic lobe/hippocampus/parahippocampal gyrus, and significantly lower FCD values in the left precuneus/posterior cingulate gyrus, in the slow-4 band. In the slow-5 band, the DAI patients had higher FCD values in the left inferior temporal gyrus/superior temporal gyrus, left parahippocampal gyrus/limbic lobe, left extranuclear/cingulate gyrus, and right medial frontal gyrus, and lower values in the right inferior frontal gyrus, right inferior parietal lobule, and left cingulate gyrus/limbic lobe. Moreover, compared to HCs, the values in the typical band were higher in the right extranuclear/limbic lobe/hippocampus/parahippocampal gyrus, but were significantly lower in the right precuneus/posterior cingulate gyrus and right inferior parietal lobule/supramarginal gyrus. The abnormal FCD values of these brain regions were linearly correlated with different clinical scale scores. CONCLUSION:DAI patients had abnormal FCD values in various brain regions, indicating disruption to the brain functional network. Moreover, the values were frequency dependent. Our results provide new evidence for the pathogenesis of functional impairment and may explain the neuropathological or compensatory mechanism of the disease.

Objective To investigate the functional connectivity (FC) and its variability in the primary somatosensory cortex (S1) of patients with low-back-related leg pain (LBLP) in the context of the persistent stimuli of pain and numbness. Patients and Methods We performed functional magnetic resonance imaging on LBLP patients (n = 26) and healthy controls (HCs; n = 34) at rest. We quantified and compared static FC (sFC) using a seed-based analysis strategy, with 6 predefined bilateral paired spherical regions of interest (ROIs) in the S1 cortex. Then, we captured the dynamic FC using sliding window correlation of ROIs in both the LBLP patients and HCs. Furthermore, we performed a correlational analysis between altered static and dynamic FC and clinical measures in LBLP patients. Results Compared with controls, the LBLP patients had 1) significantly increased static FC between the left S1back (the representation of the back in the S1) and right superior and middle frontal gyrus (SFG/MFG), between the left S1chest and right SFG/MFG, between right S1chest and right SFG/MFG, between the left S1face and right MFG, and between the right S1face and right inferior parietal lobule (P < 0.001, Gaussian random field theory correction); 2) increased dynamic FC only between the right S1finger and the left precentral and postcentral gyrus and between the right S1hand and the right precentral and postcentral gyrus (P < 0.01, Gaussian random field theory correction); and 3) a negative correlation between the Barthel index and the increased static FC between the left S1face and right inferior parietal lobule (P = 0.048). Conclusion The present study demonstrated the hyperconnectivity of the S1 cortex to the default mode and executive control network in a spatial pattern and an increase in the tendency for signal variability in the internal network connections of the S1 cortex in patients with LBLP.

Objective: Using functional connectivity density (FCD) mapping measured by resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-NRI), an ultrafast data-driven graph theory approach, we attempted to study the abnormalities in neural activity of young survivors of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and to explore the neuropathological evidence of chemotherapy-related cognitive impairment of patients. Methods: Twenty young survivors of ALL and 18 well-matched healthy controls (HCs) were recruited in this study. All ALL patients and healthy controls underwent rs-NRI scans and completed neurocognitive testing. The between-group differences in short-range and long-range FCD were calculated by the option of degree centrality (DC) in MATLAB software after preprocessing. The correlations between the FCD value and each of the neurocognitive outcomes were analyzed in the ALL patients. Results: The group-averaged FCD maps showed similar spatial patterns between the two groups. Compared with the HCs, ALL patients showed decreased long-range FCD in regions of the bilateral lingual gyms, cingulate cortex, hippocampal gyms, and right calcarine fissure. Simultaneously, decreased regions in the short-range FCD map were the bilateral lingual gyms, cingulate cortex, parahippocampal gyms and right calcarine fissure. Increased functional connectivity (FC) was observed between the region with decreased long-range FCD and the posterior cerebellar lobe, and decreased FC was observed between the region and the middle occipital gyms, cuneus and lingual gyms. Thus, there existed no brain areas with increased FCD. The decreased short-range FCD value of ALL patients was positively correlated with the score on the Digit Span Test (Forward), and the increased FC value was negatively correlated with the score on the Trail Making Test part A. Conclusion: Our results suggest the altered functional connectivity of young survivors of ALL in the posterior region of the brain and posterior lobe of the cerebellum. Alterations in spontaneous neuronal activity seem to parallel the neurocognitive testing, which indicates that the rsNRI could be used as a neuroimaging marker for neurological impairment in ALL patients.

RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES:Recently, advanced magnetic resonance imaging has been widely adopted to investigate altered structure and functional activities in patients with diffuse axonal injury (DAI), this patient presumed to be caused by shearing forces and results in significant neurological effects. However, little is known regarding cerebral temporal dynamics and its predictive ability in the clinical dysfunction of DAI. MATERIALS AND METHODS:In this study, static and dynamic fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (fALFF), an improved approach to detect the intensity of intrinsic neural activities, and their temporal variability were applied to examine the alteration between DAI patients (n = 24) and healthy controls (n = 26) at the voxel level. Then, the altered functional index was used to explore the clinical relationship and predict dysfunction in DAI patients. RESULTS:We discovered that, compared to healthy controls, DAI patients showed commonly altered regions of static fALFF, and its variability was mainly located in the left cerebellum posterior lobe. Furthermore, decreased static fALFF values over the left cerebellum posterior lobe and bilateral medial frontal gyrus showed significant correlations with disease duration and Mini-Mental State Examination scores. More important, the increased temporal variability of dynamic fALFF in the left caudate could predict the severity of the Glasgow Coma Scale score in DAI patients. CONCLUSION:Overall, these results suggested selective abnormalities in intrinsic neural activities with reduced intensity and increased variability, and this novel predictive marker may be developed as a useful indicator for future connectomics or artificial intelligence analyses.

目的 采用基于体素的功能连接密度(FCD)图的方法观察急性淋巴细胞白血病(ALL)经治儿童脑功能活动改变的分布模式.方法 本研究收集经过同质性化疗方案治疗的ALL儿童20例(ALL组)及性别、年龄相匹配的健康儿童18例(HC组)采集rs-fMRI数据,运用FCD图的方法并结合基于ROI的静息态功能连接(rsFC)分析方法探索ALL经治儿童的脑功能连接改变.结果 与HC组相比,ALL组双侧楔叶、楔前叶、舌回、扣带回及海马回表现为长程FCD显著减低;而双侧舌回、扣带回、海马旁回及右侧距状皮层的短程FCD显著减低.无表现为FCD值增高的脑区.选取长程FCD减低的脑区为ROI,ALL组的右侧额中回、楔叶、舌回rsFC减低,右侧小脑后叶rsFC增强.ALL组智力商数与减低的长程FCD值呈正相关.数字广度测试结果与减低的短程FCD值呈正相关,连线测试A结果与增高的rsFC值呈负相关.结论 运用基于体素的FCD图的方法,发现ALL经治儿童的大脑网络节点重要性和异常脑区与全脑功能连接的改变,体现受累脑区对化疗的易感性,可能是化疗相关认知损害的神经病理基础.

AbstractIntroductionPrevious neuroimaging studies have suggested that brain functional impairment and hyperarousal occur during the daytime among patients with chronic insomnia disorder (CID); however, alterations to the brain's intrinsic functional architecture and their association with sleep quality have not yet been documented.MethodsIn this study, our aim was to investigate the insomnia‐related alterations to the intrinsic connectome in patients with CID (n = 27) at resting state, with a data‐driven approach based on graph theory assessment and functional connectivity density (FCD), which can be interpreted as short‐range (intraregional) or long‐range (interregional) mapping.ResultsCompared with healthy controls with good sleep, CID patients showed significantly decreased long‐range FCD in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortices and the putamen. These patients also showed decreased short‐range FCD in their multimodal‐processing regions, executive control network, and supplementary motor‐related areas. Furthermore, several regions showed increased short‐range FCD in patients with CID, implying hyper‐homogeneity of local activity.ConclusionsTogether, these findings suggest that insufficient sleep during chronic insomnia widely affects cortical functional activities, including disrupted FCD and increased short‐range FCD, which is associated with poor sleep quality.

To investigates and better understand local functional connectivity and its variability, and explore their predictive values of patients with diffuse axonal injury (DAI). We prospectively enrolled 24 DAI patients and well-matched healthy controls (n = 26) receiving resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging. We first assessed static and dynamic regional homogeneity (ReHo); then, a k-means clustering algorithm were performed to cluster ReHo states; finally, the prediction of clinical scores of the altered static and dynamic ReHo values was conducted using a general linear model. Compared with healthy subjects, the DAI patients showed distributed alteration in static and dynamic ReHo in several regions, and their alteration commonly located in the left cerebellum posterior lobe (P < 0.01 and Gaussian random field correction at P < 0.05). Importantly, a relationship was observed in disease-specific differences in static or dynamic ReHo and the clinical assessment: the static ReHo values of the left inferior parietal lobule predicted Glasgow Coma Scale scores (ρ = 0.462, P = 0.010). Notably, the results suggested that DAI patients make different transitions to some states (states 1 and 2) compared to healthy controls, but these dynamic transitions were not predictive of clinical associations with ReHo variability. Our findings suggested alterations in both static and dynamic ReHo (less temporal variability) in several regions in the DAI patients. The static ReHo values of the left inferior parietal lobule could be useful as a novel predictive indicator to develop objective neuromarker for future artificial intelligence analyses.

目的 比较暂时性腹主动脉球囊阻断(AABO)与双侧髂内动脉球囊阻断(ⅡABO)在凶险性前置胎盘(PPP)剖宫产术中的临床应用价值.方法 通过计算机网络从中国知网(CNKI)、万方数据库、中国生物医学文献数据库(CBM)及PUBMED检索符合条件的对比AABO法与ⅡABO法在PPP剖宫产术中的应用价值的文献,采用Meta分析法对获得的文献进行综合分析,利用RevMan5.3统计软件分析相应指标.结果 共有7个对照性研究(426例患者)被纳入本次Meta分析.Meta分析结果 显示PPP剖宫产术中采用AABO法,术中出血量、术后产妇住院时间、并发症的发生率等,与ⅡABO法的差异无统计学意义,但子宫切除率、放置球囊所需的时间、胎儿接受X线照射的时间及剂量、剖宫产时间的差异有统计学意义.结论 AABO法和ⅡABO法减少PPP剖宫产术中出血的效能相当;与ⅡABO法相比,采用AABO法时,子宫切除率更低,且胎儿接受X线照射的时间短,剂量小,更有利于对母婴的保护.

The purpose of this study was to describe the temporal evolution of quantitative lung lesion features on chest computed tomography (CT) in patients with common and severe types of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pneumonia. Records of patients diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia were reviewed retrospectively from 24 January 2020 to 15 March 2020. Patients were classified into common and severe groups according to the diagnostic criteria of severe pneumonia. The quantitative CT features of lung lesions were automatically calculated using artificial intelligence algorithms, and the percentages of ground-glass opacity volume (PGV), consolidation volume (PCV) and total lesion volume (PTV) were determined in both lungs. PGV, PCV and PTV were analyzed based on the time from the onset of initial symptoms in the common and severe groups. In the common group, PTV increased slowly and peaked at approximately 12 days from the onset of the initial symptoms. In the severe group, PTV peaked at approximately 17 days. The severe pneumonia group exhibited increased PGV, PCV and PTV compared with the common group. These features started to appear in Stage 2 (4-7 days from onset of initial symptoms) and were observed in all subsequent stages (p<0.05). In severe SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia patients, PGV, PCV and PTV began to significantly increase in Stage 2 and decrease in Stage 5 (22-30 days). Compared with common SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia patients, the patients in the severe group exhibited increased PGV, PCV and PTV as well as a later peak time of lesion and recovery time.

Using time-variant of blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) signal to investigate the temporal changes in functional connectivity (FC) between key nodes may shed light on the dynamic characteristics of network. Twenty-two relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) and 22 well-matched healthy control subjects (HCs) participated in this study. Previously validated key nodes of attention network seeds were defined as spherical regions of interests (ROIs); then, we captured the pattern of dFC using sliding window correlation of ROIs in the RRMS and HCs during rest. Furthermore, correlation analysis between altered dFC of paired-ROIs with clinical measures in RRMS were performed. Compared with the HCs, the RRMS showed: a certain specificity transient pattern of FC of attention network at time window levels, including decreased dFC within dorsal attention network [connections of left intraparietal sulcus (LIPS)-right intraparietal sulcus (RIPS), LIPS-right frontal eye field (RFEF) and left frontal eye field (LFEF)-RIPS] and ventral attention network [connection of right ventral frontal cortex (RVFC)-right temporal parietal junction (RTPJ)], increased dFC between dorsal and ventral attention network (connections of LIPS-RTPJ and LIPS-RVFC). Secondary analysis indicated that the dFC coefficients of the connections of LIPS-RIPS (r = -0.467, P = 0.023) and RVFC-RTPJ (r = -0.452, P = 0.043) were significant negative correlated with the total white matter lesion load. In conclusion, we found that the instantaneous configuration pattern of FC in attention network of RRMS are relate to lesions loads.

Background Primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG) is a neurodegenerative disease. Previous structural and functional studies of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) have demonstrated widespread dysfunction of spontaneous activity in the PACG brain. In this study, we applied a data-driven graph theory approach of functional connectivity density (FCD) mapping to investigate the altered local and global functional connectivity (FC) of the cortex in PACG. Methods Forty-five PACG patients (53.28±10.79 years, 17 males/28 females) and 46 well-matched healthy controls (HCs) (52.67±11.01 years,18 males/28 females) received resting-state fMRI scans. All PACG patients finished complete ophthalmologic examinations, including retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (RNFLT), intraocular pressure (IOP), average cup to disc ratio (A-C/D), and vertical cup to disc ratio (V-C/D). We calculated the between-group FCD difference for short-range and long-range in each voxel. Then, we generated the intrinsic FC of the seed region with the whole brain. Finally, correlations were investigated between FCD value of the altered regions and clinical variables. Results PACG patients showed increased short-range FCD in the left inferior frontal gyrus (IFG)/insula/parahippocampal gyrus and right IFG/insula (P<0.05, corrected), compared with the HCs. Simultaneously, the decreased regions in short-range FCD map were the occipital/cuneus/precuneus/superior parietal/postcentral lobe (P<0.05, corrected). In the PACG groups, decreased long-range FCD was observed in the left middle frontal gyrus compared to the HC (P<0.05, corrected). RNFLT was positively correlated with decreased short-range FCD value of the occipital/cuneus/precuneus/superior parietal/postcentral lobes, and the A-C/D was negatively correlated with the increased short-range FCD value of the left IFG/insula/parahippocampal gyrus, and the right IFG/insula. Conclusions Our findings suggest that PACG can induce extensive brain dysfunction, and showed different spatial distribution in short- and long-range FCD.

Objective To explore the value of DWI and ADC in differential diagnosis of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)and prostatic cancer(PCa).Methods The data of 43 patients with BPH or PCa proven by histopathology were retrospectively reviewed. There were 21 patients with PCa and 22 patients with BPH.All of the patients were examined by DWI at 1.5T MRI.On the DWI,signal intensities in ROI were measured at the b value of 800 s/mm2 and 1 600 s/mm2 ,respectively.On the ADC map,ADC values in ROI were measured.The differences of the ADC values and the signal intensities of DWI were compared between the benign BPH and the PCa by using independent sample tGtest.Diagnostic efficiency of the signal intensity and the ADC value for PCa were analyzed by using ROC curve.Results There were statistically significant differences of the ADC values and the signal intensities of DWI at the b value of 800 s/mm2 and 1 600 s/mm2 between the BPH and the PCa (P＜0.05).The ADC at the b value of 1 600 s/mm2 had the highest diagnostic efficiency,the DWI at the b value of 1 600 s/mm2 took a second place,and the DWI at the b value of 800 s/mm2 was worst.Conclusion DWI and ADC are helpful for the diagnosis of PCa,and ADC at b value of 600 s/mm2 has the highest diagnostic efficiency.

OBJECTIVE:Chronic low back pain has been observed to decrease movement coordination. However, it is unclear whether the existing alteration of inter-hemispheric synchrony of intrinsic activity in patients with chronic low back-related leg pain (cLBLP). The present study aims to investigate the alteration of homotopic connectivity and its clinical association with the cLBLP patients. PARTICIPANTS AND METHODS:A cohort of cLBLP patients (n=25) and well-matched healthy controls (HCs) (n=27) were recruited and underwent MRI scanning and a battery of clinical tests. The voxel-mirrored homotopic connectivity (VMHC) was used to analyze the interhemispheric coordination in the typical (0.01-0.1 Hz) as well as five specific (slow-6 to slow-2) frequency bands and associated with clinical index in cLBLP patients. RESULTS:We observed that cLBLP patients with lower homotopic connectivity than HCs in the inferior temporal gyrus, the superior temporal gyrus, the basal ganglia, the middle frontal gyrus, and the medial prefrontal cortex in the typical and five specific frequency bands, respectively. In the typical and five specific frequency bands, significant positive correlations were observed between the VMHC values of medial prefrontal cortex and the visual analogue scale scores, while the VMHC values of basal ganglia negative correlated with the values of two-point tactile discrimination (2PD) test for the right hand in cLBLP patients, etc. Further receiver operating characteristic curve analysis revealed that VMHC in the above regions with decreased could be used to differentiate the cerebral functional plasticity of cLBLP from healthy individuals with high sensitivity and specificity. CONCLUSION:Our results imply that multiscale frequency-related interhemispheric disconnectivity may underlie the central pathogenesis of functional coordination in patients with cLBLP.