地震前重力仪可能记录到与震源有关的高频扰动信号.2020年2月18日山东长清发生M4.1地震,距离震中约52 km的泰安站PET重力仪记录数据在震前5 d出现能量增强、DF地脉动垂直位移增大(0.13×10-6 m)的现象.为了厘清该现象与长清地震的关系,本文首先对2020年2月的重力数据进行0～0.5 Hz频段的时频分析并计算了 DF脉动信号垂直位移,得到结果与地震背景噪声能量辐射的全球模型(ASSM)同步;在排除台风影响,对比分析嘉祥台重力数据和泰安站JCZ-1地震计垂直向速度记录数据,同时结合芝罘海洋观测站数据,判定该信号源自海浪激发的脉动信号.泰安站重力仪DF地脉动垂直位移均方差作为预测指标的R值检验,结果表明该DF信号的增强不符合异常识别指标,与2020年长清M4.1地震无关.本文对重力数据变化的分析方法和流程,以及对造成数据变化信号源的判定方法和思路,为重力仪观测数据的异常识别和判定提供了参考,可应用于相关地震分析预报工作.

利用相关系数法分析泰安台SSQ、VS、RZB和CZB四套摆式倾斜仪的潮汐因子和分量趋势变化特征;利用S变换和降雨效率分析抽水、降雨对倾斜观测资料的影响;分析了倾斜观测的气压干扰程度及映震能力.结果表明:摆式倾斜观测资料在变化趋势以及抽水、降雨、气压干扰影响方面有一定的一致性特征,在资料分析、异常识别中可以相互佐证,其中洞室SSQ和VS观测资料的一致性最高,但具体表现形态和变化幅度存在差异;抽水干扰信号频率在0.6×10-3 Hz以下,NS分量受抽水影响均大于EW分量,仪器距离抽水井越近、安装深度与抽水井深度越接近影响越大;雨季初始时段连续降雨的效率大于第二时段,且NS分量大于EW分量;山洞内的SSQ、VS受气压干扰程度较钻孔中的RZB和CZB严重;形变仪器本身的滤波性能,造成仪器映震能力相差较大,记录地震个数最大相差近12倍.

Taking eleven geomagnetic stations as the research object, this paper analyzes the characteristics of interference from HVDC to the horizontal component and magnetic declination of the geomagnetic field. This severe interference is produced by the Ningdong High-Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) transmission line. In the analysis,Mengcheng is the reference station to measure interference amplitudes of the eleven stations. The results indicate that the H and D interferences by HVDC transmission have synchronism and directionality. The amplitudes of a same HVDC transmission line are linearly dependent. However the linear relationship is weaker than that of Z component. Z, H and D interference amplitudes of stations nearby ground the electrode are linearly dependent. Then, we make an in-depth qualitatively analysis to the mechanism of H and D interference. On the grounds of analysis conclusions, we propose an automatic calculation method which takes the Z, H and D interference amplitudes of the Hongshan station as input and those of other stations as output. The error analysis shows that the average error is significantly less than that of National Geomagnetism Network Center automatic publishing system, with the largest error decrease up to 42.9%.

JCZ-1T地震计LP通道数据可有效应用于地球自由振荡信号探测.利用泰安基准地震台JCZ-1T地震计LP通道120小时数据记录,获得2018年8月19日斐济MW 8.2深源地震激发的地球自由振荡,检测到基频球型振荡0S6—0S58几乎所有振型、球型振荡部分零级振型和高振型以及环形振荡部分基振型和高振型,与地球初步参考模型(PREM)的理论自由振荡周期进行对比,结果表明,振荡周期观测值与PREM理论值基本一致,二者微小差值应由地球介质的横向不均匀性和各向异性所致.

To improve the preprocessing quality of the Shandong geomagnetic network data which were disturbed by High Voltage Direct Current(HVDC) transmission,we summarized and analyzed the preprocessing condition of the Shandong Geomagnetic Network during the disturbance by the Ningdong HVDC transmission over the years.The relative difference detection function and preprocessing function of National Earthquake Precursor Data Processing System is applied.The result shows that the Ningdong HVDC transmission disturbances are generally removed after the data preprocessing.Meanwhile,there are still some problems,such as misjudge of the HVDC transmission disturbance,misjudge of the beginning and ending time of the disturbance,inaccuracy preprocess of the disturbance magnitude,etc.Corresponding solutions are proposed to the specific problems,such as the double-check of the data,slowly varying step function to reprocess,and reinforced research to disturbance characteristic of H and D.

From Anqiu Seismic Station data tracking and analysis of the actual work, the installation and use of the software of data tracking analysis platform is introduced. The common problems and solutions in daily analysis are summarized and discussed. Sharing data tracking and analysis work experience may provide reference for the data trace analysis of the precursor station.

介绍了山东省地磁FHD观测的基本情况,选取各台2011—2015年的观测数据,从资料的连续性、完整性,仪器背景噪声,相对差值,数据变化形态及主要干扰等方面进行了分析探讨.结果表明:各台地磁FHD观测资料保持了较高的连续性和完整性,数据能满足分析预报的使用要求;仪器背景噪声良好,整体在全国省级地磁台网中处于中上水准;通过多台相对差值检测发现我省地磁FHD数据总体拟合程度较好,一致性较高,数据可靠,可为地震预测研究提供可靠的数据支持.数据变化方面,地磁静日变化平缓,曲线平滑,呈比较规则的"双峰一谷"形态,波谷时间点相对比较固定,不同季节的地磁总场F数据变化幅度存在差异;地磁扰日,特别是磁暴发生时,地磁各分量出现明显突跳,多为无规则变化形态.日常观测中,主要受到高压直流输电、信号线长度过长和交流电线路并行及人为等干扰.

对泰安台不同类型钻孔应变仪的产出资料进行研究,分析分量应变仪的自检可靠性及其与体应变资料的相关性,以及在抽水干扰情况下的相关性.RZB-3仪两组互相正交的分量应变之和S1+S3、S2+S4的自检相关性达到0.999 9,其与体应变的相关性达到0.998以上.但在抽水干扰情况下,S1+S3、S2+S4自检相关性及与体应变的相关性均较差.

According to application demand, data format standardization software was designed based on MATLAB GUI. Firstly, software design flow based on MATLAB GUI is summarized. Then key technology and method about MATLAB GUI data trans?mission is introduced. Combining with illustration about the main function of the software, advantages and disadvantages of MATLAB GUI design is analyzed.

In this paper, the experiment of fluxgate magnetometer observation in ordinary cave in Taian station is introduced. Analysis on data of fluxgate in observatory cave and geomagnetic observation room in Taian, respectively, on aspect of correlation coefficient of diurnal variation diurnal variation amplitude, daily mean value, mean value of midnight, and high voltage DC interference, are carry out. The result of comparative analysis shows that, the diurnal range of observation data in ordinary cave is less than that in the geomagnetic observation room, while the daily variation of mean, midnight mean are very well consistent. in the analysis of prediction, can adopt the suitable method, such as vertical component ratio of daily variation, geomagnetic loading-unloading response etc. The observation of fluxgate magnetometer in ordinary cave is feasible, can be used as an accessorial way of geomagnetic observation.

提出了一种用于地震早期预警的S波震相实时自动识别方法.该方法不对原始信号进行任何滤波处理,直接对三分向记录进行计算分析.首先根据P波前0.5s数据的卓越频率计算适用于该三分向记录的窗长,采用由偏斜角和水平能量与总能量比值的平方积作为确定S波识别区间的特征函数,将特征函数已有数据的5倍均值和5倍方差之和作为识别区间的触发阈值;然后采用VAR AIC方法对两个水平分向识别区间的数据分别计算分析,对两个识别结果进行判断,最终确定S波初动时刻.经过对118个三分向记录的实际应用验证,通过自动识别结果与人机交互震相识别结果相比,本文方法对于S波相对P波尾波信噪比大于5 dB的地震记录,其识别误差小于0.1s的概率高达89.39％.

为了建立山东省数字地震台站场地响应数据库,选取山东区域数字地震台网自2009年4月至2012年1月记录的ML≥2.5地震事件,通过信噪比方法挑选出质量较高的86次地震,采用互相衔接的三段几何衰减模型,基于遗传算法,利用Moya等方法对山东省36个地震台站进行场地响应测算.其中35个台站未显示明显的放大作用,聊城台场地响应变化起伏较大,高频部分放大明显,烟台、招远、即墨、五连、菏泽台场地响应总体表现出一定衰减作用.

The long-term data observed with horizontal pendulum tiltmeter and vertical pendulum tiltmeter in Taian station were analysed.A certain abnormal precursor abnormal phenomenon before Wenchuan Earthquake is discovered by the analysis of M2 wave tide factor variation and the precessional trace of the vector graph of the tiltmeter.

对泰安地震台2009-2010年伸缩仪运行现状进行分析,对运行故障进行排查.从资料连续率、稳定性、潮汐因子中误差和相对噪声水平等方面进行评定,与2000-2008年“九五”数据进行对比和分析.结果表明:①观测资料的连续性和稳定性基本满足形变观测要求；②表征固体潮内在质量的M2波潮汐因子均方差及观测资料噪声水平M1完全满足形变规范要求,精度(加权平均)达到0.0098；③对资料的日变、年变、干扰等进行分析.

对泰安地震台记录的2010年9月4日新西兰地震波形,进行震相、震源深度等地震参数辨析和分析,以具有代表性的2009年7月15日新西兰南岛西海岸远海地震波形和2010年4月5日墨西哥地震波形分析为辅,提出震中距大于83°、小于105°的类新西兰地震分析方法.根据两个辅震的波形特性,结合中国地震台网中心定位结果,对震级误差和波形特征进行解释,提出震级修正方案.

前兆管理系统数据库备份是保证前兆台网正常运行一项重要内容,本文详细介绍前兆Oracle数据库的冷备份方法,备份包的保存方式,移动硬盘的加载,备份脚本的功能及使用方法.

The observations of digital horizontal pendulum of Taian seismostation for 10 years was systematically summarized.After excluding disturbance the typical variation of recorded data is classified and analysed.Basically,there are four types of variation as follows: 1) wide shift,trend change;2)earth tide distortion of single day;3) multi-day earth tide distortion accompanied with frequent zero-drift;4) frequent zero-drift without obvious variation of earth tide.Trend change and earth tide alteration dominate the NS component distortion while frequent zero-drift reigns the EW component.The relation between distortion and earthquakes is that: The pre-earthquake distortions appear as earthquakes of magnitude lager than 7.0 with epicenter distance 2 000-5 000 km.The pre-earthquake distortions accompany with some earthquakes father than 5 000 km.

利用新型保温材料--聚氨酯硬质泡沫塑料,对地磁相对记录室实施喷吐保温改造,在很大程度上降低了磁房温度的日差、年差幅度,改善了观测环境,为观测仪器能在相对较小的温差范围内工作,创造了良好条件.聚氨酯硬质泡沫塑料作为一种新型的保温材料,对磁房实施保温是很好的一种选择,在今后的磁房建设或改造中,值得推广应用.

以GM4数据为例,详细介绍使用"数据转换软件"对非管理系统采集数据的转换;使用SSH软件上传数据文件至服务器,更改及恢复系统日期;手动入库页面的启动,相应参数的输入及查看入库结果信息.保障"十五"前兆管理系统数据的连续性、完整性.

On basis of statistical analysis on over 20 years' optical recording data and 8 years digital data of horizontal pendulum at TaiAn reference seismic station,a annual variation law of earth tide is obtained,which is used as a basic model for further data analysis.Meanwhile,the reason why the two instruments which are lied on the same instrument frusta showing different changing trends is discussed through comparison of annual change curves of optical recording and digital recording.