Steroid-induced femoral head avascular necrosis (SFHN), a devastating orthopedic condition characterized by ischemic bone collapse, urgently requires interventions addressing both impaired angiogenesis and compromised osteogenesis. Here, we developed an icariin (ICA)-functionalized β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) composite scaffold through an innovative low-temperature rapid prototyping (LT-RP) technique. This strategy fundamentally resolves the critical limitation of conventional high-temperature sintering that compromises bioactivity through thermal degradation. Additionally, by adjusting the ratio of α-TCP to β-TCP, we optimized the mechanical properties of the scaffold, enhancing its suitability for bone repair and ensuring that its degradation rate matches the rate of new bone formation. Furthermore, gelatin was introduced into the porous structure of the scaffold, successfully encapsulating ICA, allowing for sustained release during bone repair. This innovative design significantly improved the osteogenic and angiogenic effects of the scaffold. Animal experiments showed that the ICA-loaded reconstruction scaffold effectively promoted new bone formation and angiogenesis, enhancing the integration between the implant and bone tissue. This bioengineered approach establishes a paradigm for reconstructing necrotic subchondral bone while preserving joint biomechanics.

Osteoclast fusion is a critical step for bone resorption, and its dysregulation contributes to pathological bone loss such as postmenopausal osteoporosis. Siglec15, a membrane-bound lectin, has emerged as a key regulator of osteoclast precursor recognition and fusion. Herein, it is reported that Cajanin, a natural small-molecule compound, potently inhibits osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption both in vitro and in vivo. Cajanin treatment suppressed actin ring formation, bone resorptive activity and the expression of osteoclastic markers including Ctsk and Mmp9 in a dose-dependent manner. Transcriptomic profiling revealed that Cajanin downregulated key fusion mediators such as Siglec15, DC-STAMP, OC-STAMP and NFATc1. Gene enrichment analysis identified attenuated MAPK and NF-κB signaling, which was validated by decreased phosphorylation of ERK, JNK and p38, increased IκB-α levels and reduced nuclear translocation of p65. Moreover, Cajanin significantly suppressed NFATc1 expression and nuclear localization. In an ovariectomy-induced bone loss model, Cajanin preserved trabecular bone architecture and reduced TRAP-positive osteoclasts. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that Cajanin transcriptionally disrupts the Siglec15-NFATc1 signaling axis, thereby impairing osteoclast fusion and bone resorption, and highlight its potential as a therapeutic candidate for selectively targeting pathological osteoclast fusion in osteolytic diseases.

BACKGROUND:The damage to chondrocytes and inflammatory responses are considered the key factors in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis (OA). Ubiquitin-specific protease 15 (USP15) has been shown to be involved in OA. This study aimed to explore the mechanism of USP15-modified adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs) exosome (Exo) in alleviating OA. METHODS:ADMSC-Exo with USP15 overexpression was isolated by magnetic beads method, and the Exo marker proteins were identified by western blot assay. M1 and M2 phenotypic markers of THP1-M0 cells were analyzed by flow cytometry. ELISA was used to detect the expression of inflammatory factors in cells. CCK-8, EdU, Transwell, and flow cytometry were used to detect the cell activity, proliferation, apoptosis and migration ability. The interaction between forkhead box C1 (FOXC1) and USP15 was verified by Glutathione-S-transferase (GST) pull-down and Co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) experiments. The stability of FOXC1 was measured by cycloheximide (CHX), and its ubiquitination level was analyzed by exogenous ubiquitination assay. RESULTS:The Exos from ADMSCs overexpressing USP15 (oe-USP15/Exos) were successfully isolated. It was confirmed that oe-USP15/Exo inhibited the M1 polarization of THP1-M0 cells caused by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) but induced the M2 polarization and the release of inflammatory inhibitory factors. Meanwhile, the damage of chondrocytes caused by LPS was also prevented by oe-USP15/Exo. Besides, USP15 was validated to exert a deubiquitination effect by binding to FOXC1 and positively regulate FOXC1 expression. And the effects of oe-USP15/Exo were abolished after FOXC1 silencing. CONCLUSION:USP15-modified ADMSC-derived Exos facilitated M2 polarization of macrophages and improved chondrocyte injury by deubiquitination of FOXC1.

PURPOSE:To explore the effects of improved shield technique in the aesthetic zone for single tooth implanta-tion in the maxillary anterior region.METHODS:Eighty-four patients(84 teeth)who underwent single tooth implantation in the maxillary anterior region from January 2020 to January 2023 were selected,randomly divided into the control group and experimental group using digital table method,each with 42 patients(42 teeth).The success rate of implant in 2 groups was recorded,and periodontal index,pink esthetic score(PES),bone absorption and implant stability quotient(ISQ)preop-eratively and 6 months after surgery were compared.The incidence of adverse reactions(redness,bleeding,pain and site infection)was recorded.SPSS 26.0 software package was used for statistical analysis of the data.RESULTS:The success rate of implantation in both groups was 100％.Six postoperative pericrescent indexes of the experimental group were sig-nificantly lower than that of the control group,PES and ISQ scores of the experimental group were significantly higher than that of the control group one year after surgery,bone absorption volume was significantly lower than that of the control group and the incidence of adverse reactions was significantly decreased(P＜0.05).CONCLUSIONS:The improved shield technique in the aesthetic zone can enhance the esthetic index and implant stability in the anterior region,and reduce bone resorption volume.

Objective:This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of electroacupuncture (EA) combined with growth hormone in alleviating quadriceps atrophy and enhancing knee function following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Methods:A prospective study was conducted, and a total of 90 patients exhibiting quadriceps atrophy after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction were recruited between July 2020 and July 2022 from Shenzhen Pingle Orthopedic Hospital. They were randomly assigned to either the control group or the observation group ‎, with 45 patients in each. The control group received routine rehabilitation training along with growth hormone treatment, while the observation group received routine rehabilitation training in addition to EA and growth hormone treatment. The study assessed the visual analogue score (VAS) for postoperative pain, knee function, and clinical outcomes in both groups. Results:The total effective rate in the observation group was significantly higher compared to the control group, with a statistically significant difference (P < .05). Initially, there were no significant differences between the two groups in peri-thigh atrophy index, VAS score, Lysholm score, knee swelling, knee stability, and range of motion (ROM) score (P > .05). However, after 3 and 6 months of treatment, significant reductions were observed in peri-thigh atrophy index, VAS score, knee swelling, and ROM score in the observation group compared to the control group (P < .05). Moreover, Lysholm score and knee stability significantly increased in the observation group (P < .05), with changes significantly higher than those in the control group (P < .05). Conclusions:EA combined with growth hormone treatment significantly reduces quadriceps atrophy and knee joint function in patients undergoing anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. This combination therapy holds promise for enhancing rehabilitation outcomes in this patient population.

Postmenopausal osteoporosis, a chronic condition that predominantly affects postmenopausal women, presents a significant impediment to their overall well-being. The condition arises from estrogen deficiency, leading to enhanced osteoclast activity. Salvia miltiorrhiza, a well-established Chinese herbal medicine with a history of clinical use for osteoporosis treatment, contains diverse active constituents that have shown inhibitory effects on osteoclast formation and bone loss. Dihydrotanshinone I (DTI), a phenanthrenonequinone compound derived from the root of Salvia miltiorrhiza, has been identified as a potential therapeutic agent, although its mechanism of action on osteoclasts remains elusive. In this study, we aimed to elucidate the inhibitory potential of DTI on RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis. We observed the ability of DTI to effectively impede the expression of key osteoclast-specific genes and proteins, as assessed by Real-time PCR and Western Blotting analyses. Mechanistically, DTI exerted its inhibitory effects on osteoclast formation by modulating critical signaling pathways including NF-κB, ERK, and calcium ion signaling. Notably, DTI intervention disrupted the nuclear translocation and subsequent transcriptional activity of the NFATc1, thus providing mechanistic insights into its inhibitory role in osteoclastogenesis. To further assess the therapeutic potential of DTI, we employed an ovariectomized osteoporosis animal model to examine its impact on bone loss. Encouragingly, DTI demonstrated efficacy in mitigating bone loss induced by estrogen deficiency. In conclusion, our investigation elucidates the ability of DTI to regulate multiple signaling pathways activated by RANKL, leading to the inhibition of osteoclast formation and prevention of estrogen-deficiency osteoporosis. Consequently, DTI emerges as a promising candidate for the treatment of osteoporosis.

Aim of the study: This study aims to reveal the role of Tanshinone I (TI) in inhibiting osteoclast activity and bone loss in vitro and in vivo, as well as elucidate its underlying molecular mechanism. Materials and methods: A mouse model of estrogen deficiency was used to assess the inhibitory effect of TI on osteoclast activity and subsequent bone loss. To validate the impact of TI on osteoclast formation, TRAcP staining and pseudopodia belt staining were conducted. The expressions of osteoclast-specific genes and proteins were evaluated using RT-PCR and Western Blot analyses. Additionally, immunofluorescence staining was employed to examine the effect of TI on p65 nuclear translocation and the expression level of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Results: TI demonstrated significant efficacy in alleviating bone mass loss and suppressing osteoclast activity and function in ovariectomized mice. This outcome was predominantly ascribed to a decrease in ROS levels, thereby impeding the NF-kappa B signaling pathway and the translocation of p65 to the nucleus. Additionally, TI hindered the RANKL-induced phosphorylation of the MAPK signaling pathway. Moreover, TI played a role in the reduction of osteoclast-specific genes and proteins.Conclusions: To summarize, this study sheds light on TI's capacity to modulate various signaling pathways triggered by RANKL, effectively impeding osteoclast formation and mitigating bone loss resulting from estrogen deficiency. Consequently, TI emerges as a promising therapeutic option for estrogen-deficiency bone loss.

目的 对比3D打印个性化截骨导板辅助全膝关节置换与传统方法行全膝关节置换的临床疗效.方法 计算机检索PubMed、Embase、Cochrane Library、中国知网、万方、维普等数据库中有关对比3D打印个性化截骨导板与传统方法行全膝关节置换临床疗效的随机对照研究;检索时间为建库至2022年2月;由2名研究人员根据纳入、排除标准独立筛选文献并提取数据,使用Jadad评分进行文献质量评价、Revman 5.3软件进行效应量合并与数据分析;结局指标为:下肢力线(hip-knee-ankle angle,HKA)离群值、冠状面股骨假体角(frontal femoral component,FFC)离群值、冠状面胫骨假体角(frontal tibial component,FTC)离群值、矢状面股骨假体角(lateral femoral component,LFC)离群值、矢状面胫骨假体角(lateral tibial component,LTC)离群值、股骨假体旋转对位(Femoral rotation)离群值、KSS评分、OKS评分、WOMAC评分、手术时间、出血量、并发症发生率.结果 最终纳入27项研究共2251例,其中PSI组1128例,CI组1123例;Meta分析结果显示:(1)两组下肢力线离群值,差异无统计学意义(OR=0.96,95％CI[0.75,1.24],P=0.78);(2)两组FFC离群值,差异无统计学意义(OR=0.87,95％CI[0.62,1.24],P=0.45)、FTC离群值,差异无统计学意义(OR=1.41,95％CI[0.95,2.09],P=0.09)、LFC离群值,差异无统计学意义(OR=1.13,95％CI[0.76,1.68],P=0.55)、LTC离群值,差异无统计学意义(OR=1.24,95％CI[0.84,1.82],P=0.27)、Femoral rotation离群值,差异无统计学意义(OR=0.87,95％CI[0.5,1.5],P=0.61);(3)KSS评分,差异无统计学意义(OR=0.86,95％CI[-0.89,2.62],P=0.33);OKS评分,差异无统计学意义(OR=1.06,95％CI[-0.37,2.50],P=0.15);WOMAC评分,差异无统计学意义(OR=-1.03,95％CI[-3.09,1.03],P=0.33);PSI组手术时间短于CI组(OR=-6.17,95％CI[-10.41,1.94],P=0.004);(4)PSI组出血量少于CI组(OR=-96.94,95％CI[-154.35,39.54],P=0.0009);(5)两组并发症发生率,差异无统计学意义(OR=0.01,95％CI[-0.01,0.04],P=0.33).结论 3D打印个性化截骨导板辅助全膝关节置换与传统方法相比可缩短手术时间、减少出血量,但在恢复下肢力线、改善关节功能方面与传统方法无显著差异;在并发症发生率与安全性方面与传统方法基本一致.由于文章纳入研究数量有限,仅能代表部分真实情况,结论尚需要更多大样本、长随访时间的随机对照试验进一步验证.

After locking plate (LP) fixation, secondary screw perforation (SSP) is the most common complication in proximal humerus fracture (PHF). SSP is the main cause of glenoid destruction and always leads to reoperation. This study aimed to identify independent risk parameters for SSP and establish an individualized risk prognostic model to facilitate its clinical management. We retrospectively reviewed the medical information of patients with PHF who underwent open reduction and internal LP fixation at one medical center (n = 289) between June 2013 and June 2021. Uni- and multivariate regression analyses identified the independent risk factors. A novel nomogram was formulated based on the final independent risk factors for predicting the risk of SSP. We performed internal validation through concordance indices (C-index) and calibration curves. To implement the clinical use of the model, we performed decision curve analyses (DCA) and risk stratification according to the optimal cutoff value. A total of 232 patients who met the inclusion criteria were enrolled. The incidence of SSP was 21.98

Objective To investigate the effects of visual feedback training on knee function and balance ability in postoperative patients with knee fracture. Methods A clinical randomized controlled trial with 104 participants, randomly assigned (1:1) to a visual feedback training group or a control group. Eligible participants were evaluated using Lysholm scores, the Tinetti scale, and the evaluation module of TecnoBody® to demonstrate dynamic balance function in a standing position before treatment and after 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. Results Both visual feedback training and control groups improved significantly in the Lysholm and Tinetti scores after 8 weeks. Compared with the control group, the TecnoBody® tests included centre of pressure path length, and the area over centre of pressure movement, both of which significantly improved in the visual feedback training group at 8 weeks after treatment. There was no difference between the 2 groups in terms of their Lysholm scores and Tinetti gait before the intervention and 4 weeks after treatment. Conclusion Applying visual feedback training in conjunction with traditional rehabilitation strategies may improve knee function and motor control in postoperative patients with knee fracture. Although visual feedback training does not have a short-term effect on knee function and gait, this method could be a useful addition for rehabilitation of knee fracture patients. LAY ABSTRACT This study used the TecnoBody® (PK-254P, Bergamo, Italy) to evaluate balance in the standing position of all participants. This equipment provides data on the centre of pressure path length and the area over which the centre of pressure moves. The Lysholm score was used to assess knee function, and the Tinetti scale to assess motor control. Applying visual feedback training in conjunction with traditional rehabilitation strategies could decrease postural sway and increase motor control in postoperative patients with knee fracture, as well as subsequently improve knee function and balance ability. There were no adverse effects due to the combined rehabilitation programme.

BackgroundOsteoporosis and atherosclerosis are common in the elderly population, conferring a heavy worldwide burden. Evidence links osteoporosis and atherosclerosis but the exact underlying common mechanism of its occurrence is unclear. The purpose of this study is to further explore the molecular mechanism between osteoporosis and atherosclerosis through integrated bioinformatic analysis.MethodsThe microarray data of osteoporosis and atherosclerosis in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database were downloaded. The Weighted Gene Co-Expression Network Analysis (WGCNA) and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) analysis were used to identify the co-expression genes related to osteoporosis and atherosclerosis. In addition, the common gene targets of osteoporosis and atherosclerosis were analyzed and screened through three public databases (CTD, DISEASES, and GeneCards). Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses were performed by Metascape. Then, the common microRNAs (miRNAs) in osteoporosis and atherosclerosis were screened out from the Human microRNA Disease Database (HMDD) and the target genes of whom were predicted through the miRTarbase. Finally, the common miRNAs–genes network was constructed by Cytoscape software.ResultsThe results of common genes analysis showed that immune and inflammatory response may be a common feature in the pathophysiology of osteoporosis and atherosclerosis. Six hub genes (namely, COL1A1, IBSP, CTSD, RAC2, MAF, and THBS1) were obtained via taking interaction of different analysis results. The miRNAs–genes network showed that has-let-7g might play an important role in the common mechanisms between osteoporosis and atherosclerosis.ConclusionThis study provides new sights into shared molecular mechanisms between osteoporosis and atherosclerosis. These common pathways and hub genes may offer promising clues for further experimental studies.

目的:评价全膝关节置换术(total knee arthroplasty,TKA)与关节镜下滑膜切除术(arthroscopic synovectomy,AS)治疗晚期膝关节色素沉着绒毛结节性滑膜炎(pigmented villonodular synovitis,PVNS)的临床疗效和安全性.方法:以"色素沉着绒毛结节性滑膜炎""关节镜""膝关节置换"为中文检索词,以"pigmented villonodular synovitis""arthroscope""endoscopes""total knee arthro-plasty""knee replacement arthroplasties""replacement,total knee""knee arthroplasty"为英文检索词,以计算机检索为主,手工检索、参考文献追溯为辅,检索中国知网、维普网、万方数据库及PubMed、Embase、the Cochrane Library建库至2021年2月收集的TKA与AS治疗晚期膝关节PVNS的相关文献.筛选文献、提取数据,并对纳入的研究进行质量评价后,进行Meta分析.结果:初检共检出文献36篇,其中中文文献29篇,英文文献7篇;经筛选后最终纳入文献8篇,均为中文文献.Meta分析结果显示,TKA组术后膝关节Lysholm评分高于AS组[I2=3％,P=0.310,MD=7.93,95％CI(5.72,10.13),P=0.000],膝关节活动度大于AS组[I2=19％,P=0.300,MD=27.93,95％CI(25.36,30.50),P=0.000],PVNS复发率低于AS组[I2=0％,P=0.940,OR=0.14,95％CI(0.04,0.53),P=0.004];2组患者并发症发生率比较,差异无统计学意义[I2=0％,P=0.970,OR=0.49,95％CI(0.23,1.04),P=0.060].结论:对于晚期PVNS,采用TKA治疗在缓解膝关节疼痛、改善膝关节功能、降低PVNS复发率方面优于采用AS治疗,而2种方法的并发症发生率相当.

Objective:To evaluate the short term efficacy of 160 biological revision handle in femoral revision.Methods:The patients who underwent the femoral revision of Chunli 160? handle in Guangdong Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from August 2017 to September 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. The clinical and imaging manifestations before and at the last follow-up were evaluated and compared with the patients who underwent the revision of Johnson’s Solution? handle at the same time. The efficacy score of artificial hip joint (Harris score) and the hip score of Oxford University were evaluated before and at the last follow-up (OHS score). The paired sample t test was used, and independent sample t test was used for inter-group comparison.Results:A total of 35 patients who met the criteria were enrolled with completed follow-up, including 18 patients in the Chunli 160? handle group (the observation group) and 17 patients in the Solution? handle group (the control group). The Harris score of the observation group increased from preoperative (34±8) to postoperative (72±7) (t =-13.91, P<0.001), the control group increased from preoperative (30±6) to postoperative (68±11) (t =-10.98, P<0.001). The OHS score of the observation group decreased from preoperative (30±8) to postoperative (16±9) (t =9.40, P <0.001). The OHS score of the control group decreased from preoperative (34±2) to postoperative (16±2) (t =16.05, P<0.001) There was no statistically significant difference in the postoperative Harris score and OHS score between the two groups (t =-1.41, 0.19, both P>0.05). Imaging showed that the prosthesis was firmly fixed, and there was no significant difference in prosthesis sinking distance and prosthesis loosening rating between the two groups (Z =-0.857, -0.474, both P>0.05) .Conclusions:The 160? biological revision handle performs well in the short-term follow-up of hip revision patients. The short-term curative effect is equivalent to that of solution handle, and the long-term curative effect needs to be further observed.

Objective:To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of arthroscopic surgery combined with hyaluronic acid injection for treatment of meniscus injury.Methods:All the randomized controlled trial（RCT）articles about arthroscopic surgery combined with hyaluronic acid injection for treatment of meniscus injury included from database establishing to April, 2021 were retrieved from the China National Knowledge Internet, Vip Database, Wanfang Database, PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Library through computer.The patients in combined group were treated with arthroscopic surgery and postoperative intra-articular hyaluronic acid injection, while the ones in control group with arthroscopic surgery alone.The articles were screened by two researchers independently according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria.The first author’s name, publication year, sample size, gender of subjects, outcome indicators and other data was extracted.Outcome measures included effective rate, Lysholm knee score, knee pain visual analogue scale（VAS）score, knee range of motion, International Knee Documentation Committee（IKDC）score, incidence of adverse effects, patient satisfaction.The quality of the included articles was evaluated by using Cochrane bias risk assessment tool and then a Meta-analysis was conducted by using RevMan 5.3 software.Results:After screening, 25 articles were included, including 21 Chinese articles and 4 English articles.The results of meta-analysis revealed that the effective rate,Lysholm knee scores and patient satisfaction were higher in combined group compared to control group（OR= 5.63,95% CI（3.72,8.52）,P= 0.000;MD=11.39,95% CI（10.46,12.32）,P=0.000;OR= 3.94,95% CI（1.61,9.60）,P=0.003）.The knee range of motion was better in combined group compared to control group（MD=12.31,95% CI（11.52,13.10）,P=0.000）.The VAS scores and incidence of adverse effects were lower in combined group compared to control group（MD=-0.69,95% CI（-0.87,-0.52）,P=0.000;OR=0.47,95% CI（0.26,0.86）,P=0.010）.There was no statistical difference in IKDC scores between the 2 groups（MD=6.27,95% CI（-10.72,23.26）,P= 0.470）.Conclusion:Arthroscopic surgery combined with hyaluronic acid injection in treatment of meniscus injury displays advantages as more likely to alleviate postoperative knee pain and promote the recovery of knee function,better comprehensive efficacy,higher safety and patient satisfaction compared to arthroscopic surgery alone.

Failing to regenerate native tendon tissue in chronic massive rotator cuff tears (CMRCTs) results in high retear rates after surgery. Gelatin is a hydrolyzed form of collagen which is bioactive and biocompatible. This study intends to investigate the suitability of integrating gelatin to poly (l-lactic acid) (PLLA) fibrous membranes for promoting the healing of CMRCTs. PLLA/Gelatin electrospun membranes (PGEM) are fabricated using electrospinning technology. The fourier transform infrared, static contact angles are tested sequentially. Cytocompatibility is evaluated with rat tendon fibroblasts and human umbilical endothelial cells (HUEVCs) lines. CMRCTs rat models are established and assigned into three groups (the sham group, the repaired group, and the augmentation group) to perform histomorphological and biomechanical evaluations. Gelatin is successfully integrated into PLLA fibrous membranes by the electrospinning technique. In vitro studies indicate that PGEM shows a great cytocompatibility for rat tendon fibroblasts and HUEVCs. In vivo studies find that applications of PGEM significantly promote well-aligned collagen I fibers formation and enhance biomechanical properties of the repaired tendon in CMRCTs rat models. In summary, gelatin promotes tendon fibroblasts and HUEVCs adhesion, migration, and proliferation on the PLLA fibrous membranes, and PGEM may provide a great prospect for clinical application.

13 tricalcium phosphate (13-TCP) is a common biological ceramic in bone tissue engineering due to its excellent biocompatibility and biodegradability. However, owing to its inherent properties of poor injectability and forming ability, the application of TCP in extrusion 3D printing is quite limited. To solve this problem, we innovatively printed gelatin and PVA (Polyvinyl alcohol) binary systems by taking advantage of the ability of gelatin to solidify rapidly at low temperatures and the ability of PVA to effectively improve phase separation during extrusion. Here, we fabricated a series of novel Gel-PVA-TCP scaffolds by incorporating different concentrations of PVA (5%, 10%, 15%) through 3D printing. Collectively, the addition of PVA made differences in three ways. First, compared to the PVA-free system, the novel printing system significantly improved the printability of TCP paste. The printing temperature was decreased to 35-45 degrees C by doping different concentrations of PVA. Next, the novel printing system maintained the excellent forming ability and printing precision of the scaffolds. Compared to the macropores of scaffolds without doping PVA (456.1 +/- 11.2 mu m), the macropores of Gel-PVA-TCP were 486.1 +/- 26.5, 446.1 +/- 15.2, and 443.7 +/- 26.3 mu m. Last, after sintering, the scaffolds with different concentrations of PVA exhibited similar compressive strength (3.82 +/- 0.22, 3.34 +/- 0.23, 3.74 +/- 0.38, 3.47 +/- 0.48 Mpa) and distinct micropores (4.44 +/- 0.7, 1.54 +/- 0.3, 2.59 +/- 0.6, 3.59 +/- 1.0 mu m) on the surfaces of the scaffolds. Moreover, it was found that differences in the microstructure significantly facilitate the adhesion of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells to scaffolds. Hence, the methods we provided hold a great promise for application in 3D printing techniques.

For decades, collagen has been among the most widely used biomaterials with several biomedical applications. Recently, researchers have shown a keen interest in collagen obtained from marine sources because of its biocompatibility, biodegradability, ease of extractability, safety, low immunogenicity, and low production costs. A wide variety of marine collagen-based scaffolds have been developed for bone tissue engineering, and these scaffolds display excellent biological effects. This review aims to provide an overview of the biological effects of marine collagen in bone engineering, such as promoting osteogenesis and collagen synthesis, inhibiting inflammation, inducing the differentiation of cartilage, and improving bone mineral density. Marine collagen holds great promise as a biomaterial in bone tissue engineering.

目的:系统评价一期关节镜手术对比二期手术治疗肩袖损伤合并关节僵硬的有效性及安全性.方法:通过计算机系统检索中国知网、万方资源数据、维普数据库、PubMed、Web of Science、The Cochrane Library和Embase数据库.查找相关的随机对照试验.进行文献质量评价并采用RevMan 5.3软件进行系统评价.结果:共纳入3篇研究,包括169例患者.由于纳入文献数量少且结局指标有差异,采用描述性系统评价.研究所纳入的3个研究显示末次随访时2组患者的关节活动度、美国肩肘外科协会评分量表(ASES)评分和视觉模拟量表(VAS)评分均较术前显著改善(P<0.05),且组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).而在术后早期一期组活动度稍差于二期组.结论:一期手术组治疗肩袖损伤合并关节僵硬疗效确切,且与二期组相比,在末次随访时的活动度、ASES评分、VAS评分及肌力等方面无明显差异.然仍需要更多高质量研究来增强论证的强度.

目的 基于转录组测序分析鹿茸治疗骨关节炎大鼠后的基因表达差异以及对相关信号通路的影响.方法 将10只SD大鼠随机分为实验组和对照组,采用经典Hulth方法制备大鼠右膝骨关节炎疾病模型.造模6周后,实验组给予鹿茸(420 mg·kg-1)灌胃给药,对照组给予等量生理盐水灌胃,隔天灌胃1次,连续6周.末次灌胃给药2 h后,取各组大鼠右侧膝关节软骨,提取RNA进行RNA-Seq测序,对表达差异的基因进行筛选及KEGG功能注释分类和GO富集分析.结果 共筛选出3226个表达差异的基因(|log2FC|≥1,Q值<0.001).与对照组比较,实验组上调的基因有711个,下调的有2615个.KEGG基因分类和GO富集分析表明,上调基因主要参与调控骨骼肌发育、骨形态发生、骨矿化和骨成熟;下调基因主要参与调节细胞的凋亡和自噬、血管生成和炎症反应.结论 发现了鹿茸干预骨关节炎的一些关键基因和通路,如Ckm、Tnni2、Myh4、Myl1、Mylpf、Casq1、Actn3、S100a8及Ngp等基因,以及凋亡和自噬的信号通路、血管生成和肌肉收缩通路等,鹿茸可能通过这些基因和通路发挥治疗效果,这些差异基因可能成为骨关节炎的基因治疗靶点.

目的 从信号转导系统与受体学说角度,研究鹿茸对大鼠各脏腑cAMP/cGMP、TGF-β水平的影响,探讨其与归经的相关性.方法 选择3月龄健康雌性SD大鼠24只,体质量(200±20)g,随机分为4组(鹿茸低、中、高剂量组及空白对照组).常规喂养1周后,除正常组外采用经典Hulth方法制备骨关节炎疾病模型,造模6周后模型大鼠按分组不同给予鹿茸低、中、高剂量灌喂2周,空白对照组予等量生理盐水灌喂,通过酶联免疫吸附实验和免疫组织化学实验检测鹿茸灌喂后组内脏组织cAMP/cGMP及TGF-β受体的表达水平,通过比较各内脏组织cAMP/cGMP及TGF-β受体相对表达量变化程度,分析鹿茸对各内脏组织的作用趋势.结果 鹿茸低剂量组脾脏cAMP/cGMP水平明显升高,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);鹿茸中剂量组肾脏、心脏cAMP/cGMP水平明显升高,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);鹿茸高剂量组肝脏、卵巢cAMP/cGMP水平明显升高,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);cAMP/cGMP相对表达量由大到小排序为:肾、肝、卵巢、脾、心、脑、胃、肺、肠.鹿茸低、中剂量组肝、肾TGF-β受体表达水平明显升高,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);鹿茸低剂量组脾、胃,鹿茸中剂量组脾,鹿茸高剂量组肠、胃TGF-β受体表达水平明显下降,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);TGF-β受体相对表达量由大到小排序为:肾、肝、卵巢、肺、心、脑、肠、胃、脾.结论 鹿茸对大鼠信号转导系统水平变化及受体表达水平的影响作用以肾脏、肝脏为主,与传统鹿茸归经理论相符.