Chang 5-55A,derived from BT-type japonica CMS line A352 as cytoplasm donor and(Changnongjing 5/Chang 01-11B//10B)F5 as nuclear donor,is a medium japonica male sterile line with early flowering time,high stigma exsertion rate and long grain developed by Changshu Agricultural Science Research Institute,Jiangsu Province through multi-generation backcross transfer.It has the characteristics of stable male sterility,strong combining ability and high outcrossing rate,and passed the fertility identification of Jiangsu Provincial Crop Variety Appraisal Committee in September 2019.Three japonica hybrid rice combinations,Changyou 17-22,Changyou Jing 10 and Changyou Jing 1818,derived from Chang 5-55A,have been registered and released by the national or provincial crop variety appraisal committees.

缓释肥作为一种新型肥料,随着新技术的推广在生产上的应用正在兴起.为给优质食味稻常香粳1813的推广应用寻求最佳的缓释肥施用量,以水稻专用缓释掺混肥为试验材料,常香粳1813为试验对象,进行了缓释肥施用量对水稻生长发育、产量及食味品质的影响试验.结果表明,随着缓释肥施用量的增加,常香粳1813的生育期明显延迟,有效穗数和株高增加;产量表现为先增加后降低,产量的增加主要源于有效穗数的增加;随着缓释肥施用量的增加,籽粒中蛋白质含量明显升高,而食味值显著降低,直链淀粉含量不受影响.综合产量及食味品质指标考量,缓释肥施用量在600～750 kg/hm2可获得较高的产量和食味品质.

常12-101A是常熟市农业科学研究所以自育的BT型粳稻不育系A352为母本,常410-2B/10B-4的F5代稳定的长粒型柱头外露率高的品系为父本,经连续多代回交转育而成的早花时优质长粒型中粳稻不育系,2019年9月通过江苏省农作物品种审定委员现场鉴定.常12-101A具有不育性稳定、花时早、配合力强、柱头外露率较高、较易制繁种等特点.所配杂交晚粳组合常优粳8号(常12-101A/CR-998)于2020年11月通过国家农作物品种审定委员会审定.

为探索江苏省内鲜食糯玉米各农艺性状对鲜穗产量的影响程度,以来源于2021年江苏省区域试验的14个糯玉米新品种为材料,采用灰色关联度分析方法研究各品种不同农艺性状和鲜穗产量的关系.结果表明,各农艺性状与鲜穗产量的关联顺序为穗粗>生育期>株高>鲜出籽率>穗长>行粒数>穗位高>千粒鲜重>穗行数>秃尖长.穗粗、生育期、株高、鲜出籽率、穗长、行粒数是影响糯玉米产量的主要因素;穗位高、千粒鲜重、穗行数对产量的贡献次之.在选育鲜食糯玉米新品种时,可着重考虑对适宜穗粗、穗长和行粒数的选择,同时兼顾株高、生育期.

常410-2A是常熟市农业科学研究所和江苏中江种业股份有限公司以BT型粳稻不育系武运粳7号A为母本,常农粳5号/常01-11B的F5代稳定品系为父本,经多代回交转育而成的长粒型粳稻三系不育系,2018年9月通过江苏省农作物品种审定委员会育性鉴定.常410-2A不育性稳定,具有优质、早花时、张颖角度较大、柱头部分外露、异交结实率高、较易制繁种等特点.所配组合常优粳7号(常410-2A/CR-928)为长粒型杂交粳稻,于2019年3月通过江苏省品种审定.

常优粳8号是江苏省常熟市农业科学研究所用不育系常12-101A与恢复系CR-998配组育成的三系杂交粳稻新组合.该组合具有产量高、品质优、抗性好、熟期适宜、繁殖制种容易等特点,2020年通过国家农作物品种审定委员会审定.

常优粳7号(曾用名杂粳14-6)是由江苏中江种业股份有限公司与常熟市农业科学研究所共同选育而成的三系杂交粳稻新组合,2019年通过江苏省审定(苏审稻20190019).介绍了该品种的选育经过、特征特性、机插栽培技术及制种技术等.

研究了不同肥料运筹对常农粳12号产量及产量构成因子的影响,结果表明:以18,kg每667,m2的氮肥用量,在倒4叶露出时施用适量穗肥(不施保花肥)产量最高,综合经济效益最高.

Rice black-streaked dwarf virus (RBSDV) disease is one of the most destructive viral diseases that threatens rice production in China. Breeding of resistant cultivars through multi-gene pyramiding is considered to be an effective way to control the disease, but few resistance genes have been characterized to date. In the present study, we identified T1012, a BC2F6 line from a cross of the japonica variety ‘Wuyujing3’ (recipient) and the indica variety ‘Dular’ (donor), that had improved resistance to RBSDV disease in a field test, and 140 backcross inbred lines (BILs) derived from a cross between T1012 and ‘Wuyujing3’ were developed using marker-assisted selection. Genetic analysis showed that the resistance of T1012 to RBSDV disease was controlled by quantitative trait loci (QTLs). Two QTLs for RBSDV disease resistance located on chromosomes 1 and 4, qRBSDV-1 and qRBSDV-4, were identified, and qRBSDV-4 was repeatedly detected in two environments. Compared to ‘Wuyujing3’, the line containing only the substitution segment covering qRBSDV-4 exhibited significantly decreased disease incidence, indicating that qRBSDV-4 is a reliable resistance QTL with a high breeding value. Furthermore, two linked QTLs, qRBSDV-4-1 and qRBSDV-4-2, were identified within the interval containing qRBSDV-4. The QTLs identified here will provide a useful resource for breeding RBSDV-resistant rice cultivars through marker-assisted selection and establish a foundation for the cloning of RBSDV disease resistance genes.

常优粳8号是用自育的BT型优质中粳不育系常12-101A与高抗稻瘟病优质恢复系CR-998杂交配组育成的三系杂交晚粳稻新组合,具有营养生长旺盛、米质优、抗性强、产量高等特点,2020年11月通过国家农作物品种审定委员会审定,适宜在浙江、上海、江苏南部、安徽沿江、湖北沿江的粳稻区作单季晚粳稻栽培.对其选育经过、特征特性及机插栽培和制种技术等进行了介绍.

基于常熟市新型经营主体基本情况、种植意愿、成本与收益、主要需求和面临问题的调研数据,分析了常熟市粮食新型经营主体存在的问题,主要有生产成本逐年上升、生产季节有利衔接难、产业化开发程度低、抗自然灾害能力弱的问题.提出了相应对策,即做好引导,有效保障种植户收益;依靠科技创新和人才培养,不断提高粮食生产水平;提高效率,加快高标准农田建设;坚持"三产"融合发展,加快转变农业发展方式.以期稳定常熟市粮食生产规模和水平,调动农户种粮积极性,不断提高粮食生产效益,从而保障粮食安全,促进农业增效、农民增收.

常优998是常熟市农业科学研究所利用BT型不育系常386A与恢复系CR998配组育成的三系杂交晚粳新组合,具有株型紧凑、米质优、高产稳产、抗性好的特点,2019年6月通过江苏省农作物品种审定委员会审定.

常优998是用优质晚粳不育系常386A与偏籼型恢复系CR-998配组育成的籼粳亚种间杂交水稻新组合,具有营养生长旺盛、米质优、产量高、抗性强等特点,2019年3月、11月分别通过江苏省、国家品种审定委员会审定.本文介绍了常优998及其亲本的特征特性,根据制种实践,总结了高产制种技术,并建立了父母本对应叶龄回归方程并全程预测花期,以期为该品种的推广应用提供参考.

为了加快优质食味粳稻“早香粳1号”的开发利用,提高该品种的产品附加值,特总结制定了“早香粳1号”机插绿色栽培技术规程,主要内容包括适用范围、引用文件、产地环境要求、农药肥料使用准则、产量指标、产量结构、生育指标、栽培技术、脱粒、加工及贮藏、包装等,以供该品种大面积生产参考.

常香粳1813是常熟市农业科学研究所以93-63/武运粳20//武运粳31杂交,经多年系谱选育而成的优质高产软香粳稻新品种,2020年7月通过江苏省审定,审定编号为苏审稻20200045.该品种全生育期159.3d,适宜机插,田间正常管理产量可达10500kg/hm2以上,对其选育经过、特征特性、机插高效栽培技术等进行了总结,以期为常香粳1813的推广应用提供参考.

水稻是我国主要粮食作物之一,随着我国农业供给侧结构性改革的不断推进,培育高产、优质和抗病的优良种质成为水稻育种的重要目标.本文测定了选育的3个粳稻品系的植株高度、有效穗数、千粒重、穗长、每穗谷粒总数、结实率和亩产量等农艺性状,检测了大米直链淀粉含量,统计了抽穗期穗瘟的发病情况.结果表明,与常农粳8号相比,尽管3个供试品系的千粒重有所降低,但有效稳数、总穗粒数、穗长增加,这也是亩产量增高的主要原因.样品直链淀粉含量显著下降,且抗稻瘟病能力较常农粳8号均有不同程度上升,其中品系1抗性最强.品系2与品系3产量和有效穗数较高,但品系3抗病性较品系2稍弱.本研究对3个常规粳稻品系的农艺性状、抗稻瘟病等综合分析,为粳稻品种选育提供了重要的参考依据.

Rice black-streaked dwarf disease caused by Rice black-streaked dwarf virus (RBSDV) is one of the most destructive viral diseases of rice. Thus, it is imperative that resistant rice germplasms are screened for novel RBSDV-resistant genes. RBSDV resistance of a diverse global collection comprising 1,953 rice accessions was evaluated under natural conditions across 3 years. The average disease incidences of the Xian/indica (XI) subgroup were significantly lower than those of the Geng/japonica (GJ) subgroup. Interestingly, most XI-1A accessions in the Xian subgroup were significantly more susceptible than XI-1B accessions, even though XI-1A and XI-1B have a close phylogenetic relationship. Four Xian accessions stably and highly resistant to RBSDV were consistently identified in 2 years. Ten genomic regions (GRs) with 147 single nucleotide polymorphisms associated with RBSDV resistance were detected by a single-locus genome-wide association study (GWAS), of which five were repeatedly identified in a multilocus GWAS. Two previously reported GRs, grRBSDV-6.1 and grRBSDV-6.3, which were repeatedly detected as stably and highly associated with RBSDV resistance, contained 17 and seven genes, respectively, with significant differences of resistance among haplotypes. Haplotype analyses of the candidate genes LOC_Os06g03150 in grRBSDV-6.1 and LOC_Os06g31190 in grRBSDV-6.3 suggested that the former gene is mainly associated with the differentiation of resistance within the Xian subgroup and the latter gene mainly explains the difference in the resistance between Xian and Geng. Another three novel resistance GRs (grRBSDV-1.1, grRBSDV-7.1, and grRBSDV-9.1) were identified. Our findings may enhance the application of disease-resistant rice germplasms for breeding RBSDV-resistant varieties.

早熟晚粳新品种“常农粳151”株型紧凑、长势旺盛、分蘖力强、抗倒性好,适宜在浙江省、上海市、江苏省南部、安徽省沿江、湖北省沿江的粳稻稻瘟病轻发区作单季晚稻种植.为促进“常农粳151”的进一步推广应用,从适期播种、培育壮秧、建立合理群体结构、合理肥料管理、科学水浆管理、病虫害防治等方面,总结了其高产栽培技术,以供参考.

以杂交粳稻常优粳6号为材料,探讨了氮肥、密度对产量和效益的影响,旨在为常优粳6号的高产优质栽培和推广应用提供参考依据.研究表明,氮肥、密度及其互作对产量和效益的影响达极显著水平,在中氮低密条件下,产量和效益最高,分别为9907.9kg/hm2和10913元/hm2.模型分析在施肥量为235.16kg/hm2和栽插密度为32.3万穴/hm2条件下,可实现水稻的高产高效、节本节氮.

采用聚类分析和灰色关联分析对6个杂交晚粳稻主要农艺性状和产量及其关系进行了分析.结果 表明,不同品种间农艺性状具有较大的差异;聚类分析将6个品种划分为2类;灰色关联分析显示有效穗数和千粒重以及抽穗期、穗长、每穗粒数和结实率是影响杂交粳稻产量的重要因素.