混合动力电动汽车的控制策略对汽车的各方面性能都起着重要作用,尤其对其燃油经济性有着极大影响.以混联式混合动力电动汽车为研究对象,对规则控制策略的工作模式进行分析,通过Cruise_Matlab在WLTC循环工况下联合仿真,对各模式切换阈值进行优化,提升其燃油经济性.仿真数据显示:油耗得到了明显降低.通过转鼓试验,验证了优化后控制策略的有效性.

针对某型号商用车怠速工况下转向盘振动过大的问题,通过振动传递路径分析(TPA)和原车摸底测试,对造成转向盘振动的原因进行分析,发现驾驶室前围钣金强度不足、转向柱支座强度不足、发动机悬置软垫刚度过大是主要原因;提出在前围钣金与转向柱支座连接处增加加强板、转向柱支座增加加强筋、降低发动机悬置软垫刚度 3 种改进措施,降低转向盘振动加速度.有限元模态分析结果显示改进方案对降低转向盘振动有效,改进后实车测试结果表明怠速工况下转向盘的振动加速度显著降低,改进方案有效.

根据汽车空调高低压管路的物理特性,针对热量未能充分利用的问题,以某车型为研究对象,介绍了同轴管在空调系统中的作用及其工作原理;利用HyperMesh软件来简化处理模型,通过CFD分析比较了高低压一体式与螺旋式同轴管的换热能力.分析比较说明螺旋式同轴管有更好的换热效果.通过一维仿真软件KULI建模,分析对比空调系统增加螺旋式同轴管前后的性能.结果表明:增加螺旋式同轴管后的空调系统,其压缩机功率下降,蒸发器制冷功率有所提升,有效提高了空调系统的制冷能力,起到改善整车节能的效果.

随着智能网联车辆技术的迅速发展,汽车自动化程度越来越高,当总线网络需要更多数量的电子控制单元(ECU,electronic control unit),车载总线的布局越来越复杂时,传统搭建车载总线测试台架效率较低、通用性差,不能满足主机厂测试需求.通过深入研究车载控制器局域网(CAN,controller area network)总线的测试,分析了传统测试台架的缺点,提出了一种基于Vector工具链车载CAN总线自动化测试系统.该系统通过Vector工具链之间的功能联系,采用能被CAPL语言调用的C++语言开发的底层驱动,以实现车载CAN总线、LIN(local interconnect network)总线自动化测试.本文设计了与人工测试的对比实验,验证了该系统不仅能解决车载总线测试通用性差的缺点,而且还提高了测试效率.

<span id="ChDivSummary" name="ChDivSummary" class="abstract-text">针对国产某重型商用车在怠速转速区间800～850 rpm时方向盘产生明显抖动的问题,基于传递路径的方法,对方向盘造成振动的原因进行分析,初步判断转向器的安装支架刚度不足导致振动传递到方向盘上,是造成驾驶室噪声过大的主要原因。通过对支架进行有限元优化,提高支架的刚度,分析表明提高该处的刚度能降低方向盘12点钟位置Z向加速度,从而有效降低驾驶室内噪声。改进支架后,进行实车测试,结果表明,提高支架的刚度后,方向盘上的振动比原来降低0.18 m/s²,室内噪声降低2.5 dB（A）,驾驶室噪声得到有效控制,证明该方法的有效性。</span>

针对某商用车在排气制动工况下驾驶室存在轰鸣声的问题,进行原车摸底试验,对造成驾驶室内轰鸣声的原因进行分析,排查发现引气管的进气口噪声与乘客左耳噪声在100 Hz和315 Hz处存在峰值,进气口处振动加速度较大,该处振动是造成驾驶室内轰鸣声的主要原因.结合引气管有限元仿真分析,发现进气口处变形严重,对此采用消声器的原理,设计了并联谐振腔消声器.改进后的引气管试验表明,在引气管中设计谐振腔后,进气噪声和振动明显降低,使驾驶室内噪声降低5. 9 dB,轰鸣声得到有效控制,证明了该方法的有效性.

为了满足全国电动方程式赛车(FSEC)对电池的性能要求,模拟比赛时对耐久性能、弯道性能和加速性能的工况要求,对NCM三元锂离子电池在不同的充放电工况下的特性进行研究与评价.对比该电池在不同倍率下的放电特性,以及不同倍率放电时内阻的变化情况.结果表明:FSEC方程式赛车采用NCM三元锂离子电池,充电时内阻小温升可控,但在弯道性能和加速性能工况下放电时,必须要做好散热设计才能满足比赛的要求.

The frame, as one of the basic components of a car, plays an important role of connecting components and withstanding various loads. The truss-frame is the commonest form of Formula SAE car in that it has many advantages, such as low cost, simple manufacture, high rigidity and high strength. The development of frame is reviewed. First, the key performance indicators and the mechanical state of the frame under different conditions are discussed. Second, a variety of optimization methods used in the design of frame are described. Finally, the test method of frame are introduced, with the experimental data and the finite element analysis of results being compared. Through analyzing and summarizing the development of the design, optimization and testing technology of the Formula SAE truss-frame, forecasting the future trends, the great theoretical reference is provided for the design and research of the follow-up frame.

In this paper, a new LDMOS on silicon-on-insulator (SOI) with homo-type fixed interface charges in the bottom of field oxide layer is proposed. The surface electric field can be improved by adding the fixed interface charges and optimizing the doping profile, which can effectively modulate electric field to obtain the optimization trade-off between the breakdown voltage and on-resistance. The numerical results indicate that the breakdown voltage of device proposed is increased by 40% and the on-resistance reduced by 44% in comparison to that of the conventional LDMOS.

In order to deal with some problems such as the high cost of devices, the low efficiency for forming and the complicated process on the operation during the process of bimetallic tube hydroforming, a new compound forming method that is also called liquid impact forming and which is based on the stamping and tube hydroforming technology was proposed.Firstly, basic principle of liquid impact forming was introduced.Secondly, four simple and practical installation of liquid impact forming, including molding units, axial feed sections, control systems and secondary elements, were introduced.In addition,the forcing states for bimetallic tube were analyzed.At last, the stress and the strain whether in or outside the tubes of bimetallic tube were both discussed applying the elasticity-plasticity theory.At the same time, the criterion of internal pressure pi was obtained by using the relation of deformed compatibility.The liquid impact forming technology will provide not only a new scientific basis but also technical support for bimetallic tube forming.

桁架式车架在高性能车辆上被广泛使用,其刚度对车辆安全性和行驶平顺性具有重要影响。为了提高桁架式车架刚度,对其结构进行了研究与优化。首先,采用梁单元建立车架有限元模型,分析扭转刚度;然后,对管件壁厚和直径进行灵敏度分析,确定其对车架刚度和质量的影响程度,比较了不同管件的优化效率;最后,分析了不同优化效率管件在扭转工况下的受力状况,采用转化载荷与调整尺寸相结合的方法优化车架。通过与一般优化方法对比,验证了该方法的有效性与优越性。

Based on the new rules of the 4th national college students' engineering and comprehensive training ability competition, established three-dimensional model using software UG NX, designed a kind of "S" type carbon-free, it can adapt to various poles' distance and easy assembling and debugging. Focus on variable pitch mechanism and steering mechanism's designing, and by motion simulation verify its rationality, the simulation analysis showed the car trajectory accords with a requirement. Finally, processed parts, assembled and debugged of the cars. Practice has proved that the design of the car conform to the requirements of the game, is reasonable, assembling outfit is convenient, easy to debug, can meet the requirements of a variety of stem from, smooth finish and get good grades.

In order to solve the problem of excessive vibration of commercial vehicle cab,LMS vibration test system was used to test.Through the method of vibration transmission path analysis (TPA),it was found that the natural frequency of the leaf spring overlapped with the natural frequency of excitation source was the main reason causing cab vibration.By reducing the stiffness of the leaf spring to reduce the natural frequency of the leaf spring,the real car test is carried out again after the improvement.The test data analysis shows that the vibration acceleration is reduced significantly,the ride comfort is improved,and the problem of excessive vibration of the cab is solved.It proved that reducing the stiffness of the leaf spring is effective to reduce the cab vibration.

Engineering education professional accreditation is an important measure to ensure the quality of un-dergraduate education. Analysis of the background, history and characteristics of the professional accreditation, illus-trates the necessity to carry out the automobile engineering professional accreditation. A useful discussion has been taken about the automobile engineering personnel training system under the background of professional accreditation which based on the curriculum system reform, the graduation design reform, the practice and innovative education reform and other aspects.

针对某商用车怠速时前照灯抖动的问题,研究了前照灯产生怠速抖动的机理.对激励源和传递路径进行了测试分析;并利用CAE仿真技术对前照灯总成模块进行固有频率及振型分析.仿真分析表明,前照灯总成模块与激励频率重叠而发生了共振.通过CAE仿真分析,提出了在前照灯与下防护之间增加支撑的优化方案.仿真结果表明,优化后的固有频率与激励频率之间的间隔在6Hz以上,避开了激励频率,有效地解决了前照灯怠速工况下的抖动问题.实车测试验证了该方案的有效性.

This paper introduces a new high voltage double partial SOI (DPSOI) with variable-k (permittivity) dielectric for improving breakdown voltage. The mechanism of breakdown is that the length of vertical ionization integral increases significantly, because of the two symmetrical windows results it by folding effect and the additional electric field produced from variable-k dielectric buried layer modulates surface electric field, which decreases drastically the electric field peaks near the drain and source. Furthermore, the Si window alleviates the self-heating effect while maintaining higher vertical BV. The results indicate that the breakdown voltage of DPSOI is increased by 77.5-85.8% and the on-resistance is decreased nearly by 50% compared with these for the conventional SOI.

在传统带隙基准源的基础上,设计了一种在极宽温度范围内具有高温度稳定性的CMOS带隙基准电路.该电路将三极管的集电极置于负反馈环路中,以避免三极管基极分流对集电极电位的影响,实现温度补偿.通过采用低电源抑制比(PSRR)的差分运放,可以得到不受电源电压影响的基准电压.基于0.5μm CMOS标准工艺实现,采用Spectre进行仿真,结果表明:该带隙基准源在室温下产生的基准电压为(1.256 9±0.000 32)V,在-35℃～125℃温度范围内的温漂系数为1.39×10-6/℃;当工作电压为1.8～4.6 V时,输出电压仅变化0.31 mY/V;3 V供电下的功耗为14.69μW;满足胎压监测芯片的设计要求.

Pertaining to the transmission shaking during low-speed climbing,the problem vehicle is detected by vibration and noise measuring instruments.Through spectrum analysis on testing data,it is found that,when the vehicle speed is 15km/h and the frequency is 7.5Hz,the Z-axle acceleration reaches a peak.According to this frequency,the shaft vibration can be regarded as the major reason for transmission shaking.For shaft vibration source,the equivalent angle is adjusted.In addition,the transmission supporting and layout are changed.In this way,it is indicated from results that the Z-axle acceleration is efficiently reduced to eliminate transmission shaking and improve driving comfort.Therein,the correctness and effectiveness of this approach are proven.

A novel silicon-on-insulator (SOI) high breakdown voltage (BV) power device with interlaced dielectric trenches (IDT) and N/P pillars is proposed. In the studied structure, the drift region is folded by IDT embedded in the active layer, which results in an increase of length of ionization integral remarkably. The crowding phenomenon of electric field in the corner of IDT is relieved by the N/P pillars. Both traits improve two key factors of BV, the ionization integral length and electric field magnitude, and thus BV is significantly enhanced. The electric field in the dielectric layer is enhanced and a major portion of bias is borne by the oxide layer due to the accumulation of inverse charges (holes) at the corner of IDT. The average value of the lateral electric field of the proposed device reaches 60 V/μm with a 10 μm drift length, which increases by 200%in comparison to the conventional SOI LDMOS, resulting in a breakdown voltage of 607 V.

By eliminating the mechanical connection between the steering wheel and the wheels, the steer-by-wire system is completely out of the traditional variety of restrictions. The steering gear ratio of the vehicle can be designed freely according to demand, and good steering characteristics will obtain. This paper applies Fuzzy-PID controller, uses the target torque and the actual torque of the motor as input, and uses fuzzy control strategy, to get Kp, KI and KD values, uses these values as the PID controller's input, to control the body lateral acceleration. Comparing with non-controlled steering system, the simulation results show that the body lateral acceleration of the steer-by-wire system with Fuzzy-PID controller is smaller than that of non-controlled steering system, and the phase lag is also smaller, indicating that it has good tracking performance and better steering stability. The simulation results with the real vehicle test data are in good agreement, indicating the correctness and effectiveness of the simulation model.