发展森林康养产业有利于精准扶贫与乡村振兴的有效衔接,以及国有森林资源的保护和利用.湘西土家族苗族自治州森林康养产业发展存在生态保护与经济发展矛盾突出,森林康养产品提供不足,公司化运作能力不足和资金短缺等问题.本文提出提高资源规划整合能力,延长产业链和加快产业融合,提高资金整合能力,提升经营和管理主体的市场化参与能力等系列建议,为促进湘西土家族苗族自治州森林康养产业发展提供了有益参考.

发展森林旅游有利于践行"两山理论"、促进林业高质量发展和推动乡村产业振兴.湘西自治州森林旅游发展存在服务体系不能满足内外部需求、内生动力不足、森林旅游与其他相关产业融合需深入等问题,并提出了系列建议,为推动湘西自治州森林旅游产业发展提供了有益参考.

[目的]研究巨紫荆光合作用的日变化规律及其生理和环境方面的影响因子,为野生巨紫荆的引种驯化、苗木繁育和高效栽培提供科学的理论依据.[方法]采用Li-6400便携式光合作用测定仪,对自然条件下生长的野生红花巨紫荆和粉白花巨紫荆的光合作用日変化情况进行观测,并对巨紫荆的光合参数与环境因子间的相关性进行分析.[结果]红花和粉白花野生巨紫荆的光合速率和气孔导度均呈双峰曲线的日变化趋势,其首个峰值均大于次峰值,最大值出现在10:00时前后,其"午休"现象均出现在12:00时;红花和粉白花野生巨紫荆的净光合速率日均值分别为4.47与2.59μmol?m-2s-1,红花巨紫荆的明显高于粉白花巨紫荆的,前者是后者的1.72倍;红花和粉白花野生巨紫荆的蒸腾速率日変化曲线均为单峰曲线,其日变化规律与其光合速率的日变化规律均基本一致,其蒸腾速率最高值均出现在14:00时左右.红花和粉白花野生巨紫荆的水分利用率,均从早上开始逐步降低至最低值后又逐步回升,红花巨紫荆的水分利用效率大部分时间均处于较高的水平上,且其水分利用率的最低值比粉白花巨紫荆的最低值高出56.16％.红花巨紫荆的净光合速率与气孔导度间呈极显著正相关,而与光照强度间呈显著正相关,但与其它参数间的相关性均不显著;粉白花巨紫荆的净光合速率与气孔导度间呈显著正相关,而与其它参数间的相关性均不显著.[结论]红花巨紫荆和粉白花巨紫荆的光合特性存在一定的差异,红花巨紫荆的光合速率及水分利用率均较高,说明在有机物合成、抗逆性等方面红花巨紫荆的表现均较突出,在引种栽培过程中可以根据不同种质的生理特性进行合理开发和应用.

本文运用树干解析的方法,研究了自然生长条件下湘西巨紫荆树高、胸径、材积、生长率和胸高形数的生长变化规律,结果表明:随着树龄的增长,巨紫荆树高、胸径、材积的总生长量逐步增加,20 a还未达到最大值;树高连年生长量和平均生长量在树龄15 a前都呈现出上升趋势,15 a后逐渐下降;胸径总生长量在20 a前随着树龄的增加几乎呈直线增加,生长速度非常快;胸径的平均生长量和连年生长量在18 a分别达到最高值1.08 cm和1.37 cm之后开始下降;材积总生长量逐年增长,连年生长量在18 a达到最大值0.017 m3后开始逐渐下降,并始终高于平均生长量.结果表明巨紫荆是一个生长速度较快的树种.

本文对龙山县慈竹资源分布、慈竹林地的母质母岩、土壤类型及土壤养分含量进行了调查分析,结果表明:慈竹适应性较强,在不同的土壤类型区域表现良好;龙山县林地海拔600 m以下的低山区域,林地土壤的物理性质和各方面的条件均能较好地满足慈竹生长需要;慈竹在岩石裸露的石质山地生长良好,可作为石漠化治理的优良树种.

国有林场森林经营方案编制,其重点和难点在于森林经营区划与经营类型设计.经过分析青羊湖国有林场森林资源现状,将林场经营范围按功能划为风景林保护和森林游憩区、水源涵养林经营区、用材林经营区3个部分;将森林资源管理类型按地域划分为重点保护类型区、保护经营类型区和集约经营类型区3类经营管理类型;设计组织了11个森林经营类型,并制定了经营措施和培育目标,以期为林场今后10年的生产经营提供依据和指导.

通过对湖南省国有林场改革前代管村状况、代管村发展中的问题、改革绩效进行了分析,并从明晰产权,理顺关系、易地搬迁和大力发展绿色产业等方面对代管村的发展提出了对策建议,以期为国有林场改革发展提供参考.

茶产业是古丈县的支柱产业、特色产业,也是农民脱贫致富的主导产业.该县以茶产品创新为主的融合模式注重茶苗选育、生态茶园建设、严格种植标准和精深加工、积极引进龙头企业.以茶旅结合为主的融合模式经历了以茶园观光为核心,到茶基地、茶工业、茶体验、茶文化等融入土家族、苗族村寨旅游的"特色村寨+茶"的特色发展之路.但目前茶产业融合过程中遭遇产业自身制约、区域合作动力不足、资金整合力度不够等瓶颈,需通过创新产品、形成产业联合体、创新融资机制、积极拓展社会化服务体系、深入利益联结机制等途径进一步促进茶产业融合发展.

湘西自治州位于湖南省西北边陲,地处湘、鄂、黔、渝四省交界处,特殊的地理位置孕育了丰富的自然资源.山环水绕之间的湘西州,森林覆盖率高达70.24％,是湖南省重要的生态屏障.2015年12月,为认真贯彻落实党中央提出的关于生态文明建设战略部署以及“绿色湖南”建设要求,湘西州委、州政府出台了《关于实施千里生态走廊建设创建国家森林城市的决定》,从2015年起至2017年实施千里生态走廊建设,力争把湘西州建设成我国中西部地区示范性国家森林城市.

阐述了湘西自治州实施千里生态走廊景观带建设项目的意义、建设内容与规模,分析了种苗设计的风险和效益,指出了千里生态走廊景观林带建设对加快湘西自治州经济社会发展,改善生态状况,增进民族团结,促进富民强州,建设生态和谐湘西,打造旅游精品线路,提升旅游品质,有着极其重要的意义,对以后全州生态景观建设提供参考.

探讨了湘西州7个国有林场改革目前存在的问题,分析了国有林场的改革成效,结合湘西州实际,从更加注重生态功能的改善和生态效益的提高、更加注重公益性方向发展、更加注重森林资源培育、更加注重森林生态旅游和发展林下经济4个方面提出了湘西州国有林场未来的发展方向,为湘西州国有林场改革提供参考依据.

In order to provide reference for research and production in future, some seeds in Acacia saligna were treated by using LZD-1000 type ion implanter, and germination force and germination percentage of seeds were determined. The results indicated that both germination force and germination percentage are decreased after treated by N and Ti ion injections, their changes present the saddle type curves of down-up-down, and the two indexes have very signiifcant relationship with ion implantation dose. The low dose of ion injection (200×1014 ion/cm2) is favorable for seed germination, and N ion injection has better effect than Ti ion injection.

In order to provide a reference for research and production in the future, ions were implanted into Acacia saligna seed by using LZD-1000 ion implanter, effects of ion implantation on chlorophyll content in A. saligna seedlings was researched and their correlation was analyzed. The results indicate that after N and Ti ions are implanted, quantity of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll in A. saligna seedlings show a similar change trend, according with the relation of survival rate-dosage. The saddle type of survival curve is verifi ed, and the N ion source has better effect.

对湘西州发展珍稀树种资源的地理位置优势和资源优势、湘西州珍稀树种资源现状和存在问题进行了分析,从转变思想观念,营造浓厚氛围、加强组织领导,实施珍稀树种基地建设、加大资金扶持,强化资金管理、完善管理体制,科学规划、加大科技投入,科技支撑发展等5个方面提出了发展珍稀树种的对策,为今后湘西州发展珍稀树种资源提供参考依据.

In order to offer a reference for production and practice,multi-seedling phenomenon was analyzed during the process of seed germination in Carya Nutt,taking C.hunanensis and C.cathayensis and C.illinoinensis as materials.The results indicate that the seeds in C.hunanensis and C.cathayensis both have the multi-seedlings phenomenon,the phenomenon of C.hunanensis is up to 100%,and above l/3 C.cathayensis seed have the phenomenon.But C.illinoinensis seed has be not discovered the phenomenon.

In order to find the factors affecting seed vitality in Carya Nutt,the change rule of Carya Nutt seed germination rate with storage time prolongation under different storage conditions was researched.The factors affecting seed vitality were discussed from the aspects of water content in seed,catalase content in seed,relative conductivity of lixivium from seed,and so on.The results show that the factors of seed germination rate,water and catalase contents in seed,are decreased with storage time prolongation.Relative conductivity of lixivium from seed is increased with storage time prolongation.Seed germination rate has very significantly positive correlation with water and catalase contents in seed,and has very significantly negative correlation with relative conductivity of lixivium from seed.

The photosynthetic rates of various tree ages Carya illinoensis were investigated from aspects of light response and CO2 response.Meanwhile,the comparisons between bearing branch and unfruitfulness branch were conduced of photosynthetic rate,stomatal conductance,intercellular concentration and transpiration rate.The results show that the middle-aged trees developed fully,had high and stable photosynthetic rate,and better photosynthetic capacity;the comparative results of leaves photosynthetic rate between fruiting branch and unfruitfulness branch indicated that the presence of fruit can promote the photosynthesis rate.

<正>"没想到,真是没想到!在这个地方还有如此高大成片分布的乔木紫荆树......"近日,在湖南省湘西自治州永顺县羊峰山下的高坪乡西米村的三支箭山上,来自州林业局的林业专

A vitality study was made of the hyper-oxide enzymes in Carya Nutt seeds during their storage and germinating process.The results indicate that the enzymes' vigor is decreased with the lengthening of seed storage time and this decrease goes fast at a room temperature but slowly at a low temperature;that during the seeds' entire germination process,from the beginning to the peak-hour day,the enzymes' vigor increases progressively and comes down from the peakhour to the stop of germination;and that the whole process can be described as a parabola presenting a significant correlation.

the international and homeland conditions of developing green nonwood forest products are analyzed,main measures and methods about developing the green nonwood forest products are brought forward,which involve the aspects of cultivating“green consciousness”, constructing green nonwood forest produces bases,exploiting nonwood forest products marketplace,establishing nonwood forest produces quality assurance system,strengthening ecological environment protection and construction and so on.