OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effects of isoimperaterin on regulation of tyrosinase and Rab27a in cultured human epidermal melanocytes.METHODS:Human epidermal melanocytes were isolated and cultured.The cells were randomly divided into control and experimental groups.Melanocytes of the control group were cultured with M-254 culture medium.Cells of the experimental group were cultured with M-254 culture medium containing 25 μmol/L isoimperaterin.The cells were cultured for 48 h and observed using inverted microscopy.Cell vitality was assayed using MTT method.The expression of tyrosinase and transfer-related protein Rab27a were analyzed by western blotting.The activity of tyrosinase and the content of melanin were measured by L-dopa oxidation and NaOH method,respectively.RESULTS:Compared with the control group,the dendrites of melanocytes of experimental group were elongated after treatment with 25 μmol/L isoimperaterin for 48 h.Melanocyte vitality was reduced by 17.2％ (P＜0.05).Expression of tyrosinase was decreased by 30.3％ (P＜0.01) and Rab27a was increased by 31.9％ (P＜0.05).The activity of tyrosinase was reduced by 25.6％ (P＜0.05).Melanin content was decreased by 30.9％ (P＜0.01).CONCLUSION:25 μmol/L isoimperaterin elongated melanocytic dendrites but inhibited melanocyte vitality.It also inhibited the expression and activity of tyrosinase and promoted the expression of transfer-related protein Rab27a to reduce the content of melanin in cultured human epidermal melanocytes.

目的：研究将个性化健康教育应用于髋关节置换术后患者，探讨对其生活质量改善的效果。方法采用将同期手术病例随机分为实验组和对照组的实验组在常规护理的基础上根据患者的生理、心理改变制订了一套个性化健康教育方法，观察其对髋关节置换术后患者生活质量的影响及患者对护理质量满意度评价；对照组采用常规护理及健康教育方法。结果实验组患者在躯体功能、心理功能、社会功能、生活质量等方面有明显的改善，与对照组相比，差异有统计学意义（ P＜0．05）。实验组患者问卷满意度比对照组高。结论个性化健康教育可以显著改善髋关节置换术后患者的生活质量，提高患者对医护人员的满意率。

目的:评价欧前胡素对培养人表皮黑素细胞黑素生成的作用.方法:体外分离、纯化培养人表皮黑素细胞.随机分为空白组、熊果苷组和欧前胡素组(12.5 μM,25 μM和50 μM),作用48 h,观察黑素细胞形态,检测黑素细胞活力、酪氨酸酶活性和黑素含量,免疫荧光显微镜观察欧前胡素对黑素细胞酪氨酸酶的影响.结果:不同浓度(0、12.5 μM、25 μM和50 μM)欧前胡素作用于黑素细胞48 h后,细胞活力分别为100%、107.8%、87.5%和59.7%.低浓度欧前胡素不影响黑素细胞形态,高浓度(50 μM)对黑素细胞活力、酪氨酸酶活性、黑素含量有抑制作用,呈剂量依赖性.欧前胡素对酪氨酸酶蛋白在细胞内定位未见明显影响,但酪氨酸酶荧光强度降低.结论:欧前胡素抑制体外培养人表皮黑素细胞酪氨酸酶活性而降低黑素生成.

目的探讨个性化健康教育对全髋关节置换术(THA)病人的影响。方法将92例行THA患者随机分为对照组和实验组各46例。对照组采用THA手术常规护理及健康教育方法。实验组采用个性化健康教育的方法对病人的不同时期功能锻炼方法及注意事项进行指导,并对病人遵医行为及THA并发症进行调查分析。结果采用个性化健康教育组的病人在遵医行为方面明显比对照组高,但并发症却明显低于对照组。结论个性化健康教育可提高THA病人行功能锻炼遵医行为,从而促进患者肢体功能的恢复,减少并发症的发生,显著改善其生活质量。

目的 对1 598株临床标本常见病原茵的耐药性进行分析,为临床合理使用抗生素提供依据.方法 回顾性分析我院2010年临床感染标本病原学的耐药性情况.结果 感染标本主要为痰、中段尿,共分离出1 598株病原茵,G-杆茵占75.6%,G+球茵占22.7%,大肠埃希茵、肺炎克雷伯茵和阴沟肠杆菌中ESBLs的检出率分别为60%,51%和55%.葡萄球菌中未检出耐万古霉素的菌株,肠杆菌科细菌中检出了对亚胺培南耐药的菌株结论本院细菌耐药性比较严重,必须加强对抗菌素耐药性监测,合理选用抗菌素.

Objective: To assess the efficiency of inactivated method to manufacture internal quality control serum of hepatitis B type virus surface antigen(HBsAg).Method: The HBsAg positive serum samples with good quality were collected and inactivated by bathing at 60℃ for 1 hour,then mixed and diluted to proper concentration with the reference of control serum provided by the national center for clinical laboratory(NCCL),fractional packed in eppendolf tube and preserved in 2～8℃ refrigerator for assessment detection by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).Result: The target titer value of the self-manufacture control serum was set to 2 IU/ml and 10 IU/ml respectively.Stability of these control serum was confirmed to preserving at 2 to 8 ℃ for 3 months and-20 ℃ for 6 months.Homogeneity test showed that the vail-to-vail imprecision was 5.53%and 8.97% respectively.Conclusion: These samples could be used as the internal quality control for HBsAg test with ELISA assay.

目的了解临床分离的大肠埃希菌对常用抗菌药物的耐药性及其变迁,为合理用药提供依据。方法对本院2005～2007年临床分离大肠埃希菌的耐药谱进行监测分析其耐药性变迁;用纸片法确认试验检测产ESBLs株。结果本院临床分离的大肠埃希菌除了对亚胺培南仍保持高度敏感外,对其它抗菌药物的耐药率有上升的趋势。经检测,15种常用抗菌药物体外抗菌活性最强的是亚胺培南(100%),其次为呋喃妥英、派拉西林/他唑巴坦、丁胺卡那霉素、头孢吡肟、头孢他啶,最差的是氨苄西林。2005～2007年大肠埃希菌产ESBLs的检出率分别为59.0%、64.0%、64.0%。结论大肠埃希菌是医院感染的主要病原菌致意,产ESBLs株检出率较高,耐药性严重。治疗大肠埃希菌感染需根据药敏试验结果合理地选用抗菌药物。

Objective To investigate classⅠintegrons in ESBLs-producing Klebsiella pneumonia.Method ClassⅠintegron gene was analyzed by PCR.Result ClassⅠintegron gene was found in 93.0% of 72 strains of ESBLs-producing Klebsiella pneumonia.The positive strains of classⅠintegrons showed higher multidrug resistance to aminoglycosides and/or fluoroquinolones and/or cephalosporins than the negative strains of classⅠintegrons(P<0.05).Conclusion ClassⅠintegrons were prevalent in ESBLs-producing Klebsiella pneumonia and played an important role in the development and dissemination of multidrug resistance.

目的:了解本地区生殖道真菌感染的病原学情况。方法:采用科玛嘉念珠菌显色培养基和YBC鉴定卡对患者780份生殖道标本进行分离和鉴定。结果:430例男性生殖道标本检出167株念珠菌,检出率38.8%;350例女性生殖道标本检出167株念珠菌,检出率37.7%。结论:本地区生殖道感染致病真菌以白色念珠菌为主,其次为近平滑念珠菌和光滑念珠菌。

目的 探讨整合子参与产ESBLs肺炎克雷伯菌多重耐药的分子机制.方法 整合酶基因扩增法检测I类整合子;整合子可变区扩增并测序.结果 8株产ESBLs肺炎克雷伯菌中有7株Ⅰ类整合子检测阳性,其中4株耐药基因盒为dfrA12-orfF-aadA2,2株为dfrA17-aadA4/aadA5,1株为aadA2,1株未检测到耐药基因盒.结论 整合子介导的耐药基因盒参与了产ESBLs肺炎克雷伯菌多重耐药的形成,应引起高度重视.

Objective To investigate classⅠintegrons in ESBLs-producing Klebsiella pneumonia.Method ClassⅠintegron gene was analyzed by PCR.Result ClassⅠintegron gene was found in 93.0% of 72 strains of ESBLs-producing Klebsiella pneumonia.The positive strains of classⅠintegrons showed higher multidrug resistance to aminoglycosides and/or fluoroquinolones and/or cephalosporins than the negative strains of classⅠintegrons(P0.05).Conclusion ClassⅠintegrons were prevalent in ESBLs-producing Klebsiella pneumonia and played an important role in the development and dissemination of multidrug resistance.

目的 了解多重耐药肺炎克雷伯菌的基因型和整合子存在情况.方法 设计TEM、SHV和CTX-M型及Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ类整合酶基凶特异性引物,并将聚合酶链反应(PCR)扩增获得β-内酰胺酶编码基因,分别克隆入pMD18-T载体后测定其核苷酸序列,分析其基因亚型.结果 该多重耐药株与TEM-1、SHV-12及CTX-M-3型编码基因序列的同源性为100%,Ⅰ类整合酶基因检测阳性,Ⅱ、Ⅲ类整合酶基因检测阴性.结论 Ⅰ类整合子存在产ESBLs肺炎克雷伯菌中.

目的探讨尿糖对干化学法检测尿液白细胞结果的影响。方法统计本院2005～2006年门诊及住院病人尿糖阳性且镜检白细胞阳性者及尿糖阴性而镜检白细胞阳性者,比较并分析2组干化学法检测白细胞结果的差异。结果尿糖阳性的标本干化学法检测白细胞结果的假阴性率随尿糖浓度的升高而增高(39.4%～73.3%),总假阴性率为59.1%,而尿糖阴性的标本干化学法检测白细胞结果的假阴性率为26.0%,2者相比差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论尿糖可引起干化学法检测白细胞结果假阴性,影响程度随尿糖含量升高而增高。故尿糖阳性的标本也应进行尿沉渣镜检,以防漏检,延缓治疗。

Objective:To explore a better method to detect the production of metallo β-lactamase(MBL).Methods:8 clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa resistant to imipenem and an isolate producing IMP-1 MBL were collected.Production of MBL was determined by EDTA-potentiated disk diffusion test and double-disk synergy test.Results and conclusions: Double-disk synergy test was more reliable for the detection of MBL.

目的:评价LH 750血液分析仪计数网织红细胞的临床应用。方法:采用LH 750血液分析仪检测RET,并与手工法进行比较。结果:LH 750血液分析仪计数网织红细胞的精密度和准确性均较好,除溶血性贫血外,其他标本网织红细胞计数均无显著性差别。结论:LH 750血液分析仪计数网织红细胞结果准确,可作为临床常规检测网织红细胞的理想方法,尤其适用于标本量较大的大中型医院。

在经历了SARS以后,国内外多次发生实验室感染的报道,人们清醒地认识到实验室安全防护的重要性[1].为防止医院感染,本文谈谈检验科医源性感染的控制与管理.

Objective To study the diagnostic value of cardiac troponin I(cTnI) and troponin T (cTnT) in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Methods cTnI and cTnT were detected by immunochromatographic method in 52 patients with AMI. Their sensitivity and specificity were compared. Results In the patients happened with acute chest pain between 0 and 3 hours, 4 and 6 hours, the sensitivities of cTnI were 56.7% and 96.1%, with 50.0% and 92.3% of cTnT, The specificities of cTnI were 100% and 96.2%, with 100% and 91.6% of cTnT, respectively. CTnI was more sensitivitiy than cTnT, but the specificities of cTnI and cTnT had no significancet difference. Conclusion The detections of cTnI and cTnT are profit for diagnose and heal of AMI.

目的 探讨基因芯片检测技术在筛查和诊断α-珠蛋白生成障碍性贫血的临床价值.方法 应用基因芯片技术对184例在我院门诊及住院就诊的可疑α-珠蛋白生成障碍性贫血患者进行检测.结果 184例患者确诊为α-珠蛋白生成障碍性贫血56例,约占30%,其中56例α-珠蛋白生成障碍性贫血患者的基因型分别为aa/-SEA 28例(占50%),aa/-4.2 4例(占7%),aa/-3.7 12例(占21%),SEA/-a3.7 2例(占4%).SEA/-a4.2 10例(占18%).结论 基因芯片检测技术在临床筛查和诊断α-珠蛋白生成障碍性贫血具有快速、准确、微量、自动化等特点,为临床α-珠蛋白生成障碍性贫血的基因诊断提供重要的依据.

目的探讨肝病患者血小板计数(PLT)及平均血小板体积(MPV)检测的临床意义。方法抽取肝病患者(包括慢性肝炎、重症肝炎、肝癌、肝硬化)及健康对照者静脉血2mL,采用Sysmex XT-1800i全自动血细胞分析仪检测PLT和MPV。结果重症肝炎、肝硬化、肝癌患者PLT显著低于对照组,而MPV高于对照组,慢性肝炎组PLT稍低于对照组,MPV基本正常。结论通过监测PLT和MPV,对初步评价肝病患者肝脏受损程度及患者出血倾向有着重要的指导意义。