This study was purposed to find new biomarkers and to establish protein finger print model for diagnosis of leukemia. A total of 40 leukemia samples and 37 healthy control samptes were tested by surface enhance laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (SELDI-TOF- MS). The data of spectra were analyzed by bioinformatics tools like Biomarker Patterns 5.0 and discriminant analysis to establish diagnostic mode1. The results showed that 22 protein features were stably detected by protein fingerprint, The detective model combined with 3 biomarkers (m/z 4650, 8609 and 11660) could differentiate leukemia with sensitivity of 97.5% (39/40) and specificity of 91.9%(34/37). It is concluded that the detective model established by 3 protein features may be a novel method for diagnosis of leukemia.

Objective To determine the distribution and antibiotics resistance characteristic of pathogens in urinary tract infections in aged female diabetics patients and provide scientific basis for clinicians in selecting effective antibiotics. Methods Pathogenic bacteria, isolated from specimens of 107 elderly female diabetic cases with urinary tract infections, were identified and drug susceptibility tests were performed by VITEK-32 analysator. Results Among all 107 kinds of isolated bacteria,the ratio of gram-negative bacteria was 74. 8% ( 80/107 ), predominated by Escherichiacoli ( accounting for 48. 6% [52/107] ); the ratio of gramposition bacterias was 13. 1% (14/107) and eumycetes was 12. 1% (13/107). In antibiotic resistance analysis,the gram negative bacteria showed higher drug-resistance to the some common-antibiotics, such as ampicililin,cefazolin,cefuroxime-sodium and cefuroxime axetil ( ＞ 70. 0% ), while they were sensitive to imipenem and amikacin( ＜ 10. 0% ). The gram positive bacteria were most sensitive to vancomycin (0%), followed by Linezolid(7.7% ). Conclusion Escherichiacoli were the major pathogenic bacteria in urinary tract infections in aged female diabetic patients, with higher drug resistance. Therefore, drug resistance monitoring should be carried out according to the variety of pathogenic bacteria so as to guide rational use of antibiotics and decrease drug resistance.

目的:探讨潮汕地区人乳头状瘤病毒(HPV)的感染状况及其分布特点。方法:用基因芯片技术对4 320份宫颈脱落细胞样本进行23种HPV(6、11、16、18、31、33、35、39、42~45、51~53、56、58、59、66、68、73、83、MM4)基因型检测,分析常见感染亚型和分布特点。结果:4 320份宫颈样本中,检出阳性3 240份(75.0%),其中单一感染2 560(59.3%),多重感染680(15.7%)。常见高危型:HPV16、58、18、33、52,低危型:HPV6、11、43。结论:潮汕地区HPV单一和多重感染率比例均较高,且具独特的区域分布特点,HPV基因芯片检测技术为潮汕地区宫颈癌早期诊断、治疗和评估预后提供了重要的理论依据。

Objective: To research and analyze the infection rate of HPV and the geographical distribution of subtypes of HPV infection,to build up and perfect the HPV detecting system of women in eastern Guangdong. Method: Applying HybriMa and Yaneng biological gene typing technology,Shantou Central Hospital test and analyze 21 HPV subtypes in 2122 cervical smear samples of women in eastern Guangdong(using HybriMa),and the Second Hospital Affiliated to Shantou University test and analyze 23 HPV subtypes in 1182 cervical smear samples(among the samples 28 were tested by Shantou cancer hospital) of women in eastern Guangdong(using Yaneng biological gene typing technology). Result: 523 of the 2122 tested samples of Central Hospital were positive,with the positive ratio of 24.7%,and the main high risk infection types include HPV16,HPV52 and HPV58.351 of the 1182 tested samples of the Second Hospital were positive,with the positive ratio of 29.7%,and the main high risk infection types include HPV52,HPV16 and HPV58. Conclusion: HPV infection rate is high among women in eastern Guangdong.The main high risk infection types are HPV16,HPV52 and HPV58,and the infection rate is 30.6%,22.2% and 15.1% respectively.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of telbivudine in blocking intrauterine HBV transmission.Methods 28 pregnant women with chronic hepatitis B were treated by telbivudine(600mg/d)since 28 weeks of gestation to 4 weeks after delivery,and 30 pregnant women with HBV infection were without antiviral teatment.The newborn were given active/passive immunization.Results The HBV DNA levels in treatment group before delivery were significantly declined[7.5±0.6 lg copies/ml to 3.3±1.6lg copies/ml(t=9.59,P0.001)],while the serum HBV DNA levels in control group didn't change;the incidence of intrauterine HBV infection in control was 13.3%(4/30,x2=4.15,P0.05),much higher than that in the treatment group(0%);the untoward effect of telbivudine was mild and not different between the two group.Conclusion Telbivudine can reduce the incidence of intrauterine HBV infection in the late pregnant women with chronic hepatitis B viral infection.

目的 探讨慢性肺源性心脏病(慢性肺心病)肺部病原菌感染的分布及其耐药性特征,为临床合理应用抗生素提供依据.方法 97例慢性肺心病患者共行192例次痰培养,分离出病原菌后采用法国梅里埃公司VITEK32分析仪和配套细菌鉴定及药敏卡进行分析.结果 192份痰培养阳性率为82.81%(159/192),单纯细菌感染119例,混合细菌感染26例,细菌合并真菌感染14例.革兰阳性菌感染占26.63%(53/199),革兰阴性杆菌感染占52.26%(104/199),真菌感染占21.11%(42/199).铜绿假单胞菌、大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌和不动杆菌四种常见阴性杆菌耐药分析:铜绿假单胞菌耐药率最高,对亚胺培南、左氧氟沙星和头孢他啶耐药率均高于35.0%,大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌和不动杆菌对亚胺培南最敏感(耐药率分别为6.5%、5.3%和13.6%),其次是头孢哌酮/舒巴坦和美洛培南.结论 应重视慢性肺心病肺部感染病原菌的耐药性检测,合理使用抗生素.

Aim To investigate the correlation of male infertile patients with agnogenic oligospermatism or azoospermatism awith Y-chromosome azoospermia factor(AZF)microdeletion in eastern Guangdong area.Methods The Y-chromosome AZF microdeletion of male infertile patients was investigated with PCR techniques in vitro and electrophoresis.Results There 25 cases with Y-chromosome AZF microdeletion were detected in experimental group(179 patients),in contrast,no deletion was detected in all of the 15 testing sites of Y-chromosome AZF in the control group(20 patients).Conclusion Y-chromosome AZF microdeletion is one of causes resulting in oligospermatism or azoospermatism.Thus it is of great significance to detect Y-chromosome microdeletion in infertile males in this area.

Objective To explore the overall prevalence and type distribution of human papillomavirus(HPV) in the cervical lesions in Chinese women.Methods Meta-analysis was conducted on studies published from Jan 1999 to Sep 2008 to evaluate synthetically the relationship between HPV infection and the lesions of Cervix.Results The overall HPV prevalence was 46.51%(5632/12110) in cervical lesion in Chinese women.HPV positive rate was higher in northern China than in southern (55.67% VS 42.06%,P<0.01).The 5 commonest HPV types in China were HPV-16,HPV-18,HPV-58,HPV-52 and HPV-33.Except HPV-16,the distribution of other common types of HPV varied with regions.The rate of HPV infection was positively correlated with the degree of cervical lesions(r＝0.815,P<0.01).HPV-16 was the commonest type in all degrees of cervical lesions and its infection rate was positively correlated with the degree of cervical lesions(r＝0.823,P<0.01).Conclusion HPV infection rate and distribution vary in some extent in different regions and in various lesions of cervical tissue,mainly high-risk HPV-16,-58,-18.

Objective To investigate the infection status of HBV,HCV,HIV and microspi- ronema pallidum,and to provide theoretic basis for the prevention of intrauterine infection.Methods Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was applied to measuring HBV marlers (HBsAg,anti- HBs,HBeAg,anti-HBe,and anti-HBc),anti-HCV,anti-HIV and treponema pallidum particle ag- glutination (TPPA) in 3 649 cases of pregnant women.Results The positive rate of HBsAg,anti- HCV and TPPA was 11.13%,0.11% and 0.36% respectively.No anti-HIV positive sample was found.Conclusion The result reveals the epidemiologic feature of HBV,HCV,HIV and microspi- ronema pallidum infection in pregnant women in the city,and it suggests that the serologic examina- tion of HBV,HCV,HIV and TPPA before marriage,progestation,duration of pregnancy and antep- artum be essential to early diagnosis and timely treatment,blockage of intrauterine infection as well as of aristogenesis.

目的 了解汕头市健康献血人群人巨细胞病毒(HCMV)感染情况,探讨临床特殊情况用血进行HCMV抗体检测的必要性.方法 采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测450份检验合格血液的血清中的HCMV-IgM抗体和HCMV-IgG抗体,并与同期的HBsAg、HCV抗体和HIV(抗体+抗原)、TP抗体的阳性率作比较.结果 汕头市健康无偿献血人群HCMV-IgM的阳性率为2.67%,HCMV-IgG的阳性率为93.78%,远高于同期的HBsAg、HCV抗体和HIV(抗体+抗原)、TP抗体的阳性率.结论 汕头市健康无偿献血人群HCMV阳性率与国内其它地区的报道相近,临床特殊情况用血需对HCMV-IgM进行检测.

目的:探讨中度脂肪肝检测肝功能中的ALT,AST指数变化的关系,发现ALT比AST上升更加明显.与对照组比较, ALT(±s),84.2±18.3,P＜0.01差别非常显著.AST(±s),52.3±16.8,P＜0.05,差别显著,结论:中度脂肪肝检测ALT比AST敏感度高.

目的 了解汕头地区无偿献血人群中巨细胞病毒(HCMV)感染情况, 探讨HCMV的临床检测方法.方法 采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)对450份无偿献血者血样进行IgM抗体和IgG抗体检测,并进一步对12份HCMV-IgM、HCMV-IgG均阳性的样本、 278份HCMV-IgM阴性而HCMV-IgG阳性样本、10份HCMV-IgM、HCMV-IgG均阴性的血液样本进行荧光定量PCR(FQ-PCR)检测, 并对2种方法的检测结果进行相关性分析.结果 汕头地区无偿献血人群中HCMV-IgM阳性率为2.67%, HCMV-IgG阳性率为93.78%, 经统计分析, FQ-PCR 对HCMV-DNA的检出率高于HCMV-IgM阳性率(P＜0.05).结论 汕头地区无偿献血人群巨细胞病毒感染率与国内其他学者所报道资料相近, FQ-PCR方法能够敏感、准确地检测出HCMV感染.

主要目的了解安定联合硝酸甘油治疗重度子痫用药后,对肝肾功能是否有毒害作用.本院研究小组在省卫生厅立项<安定联合硝酸甘油治疗重度子痫研究>,在研究过程中,将120例妊娠重度子痫前期患者随机分为安定联合硝酸甘油治疗组和硫酸镁对照组用药,对象在用药前一周内,停药后一周内,进行肝功能主要项目,肾功能主要项目检测.结论,安定联合硝酸甘油治疗重度子痫对肝肾脏无毒性.

Objective To investigate the infection situation of Ureaplasma urealyticum, Nersseria gonorrhoeae, Chlamydia trachomatis and HSV- Ⅱ among the people in east Guangdong. Methods 4404 cases of out-patients with self-clinical symptoms or suspicious reproductive tract infection were selected as study subject and were examined for UU, NG, CT and HSV- Ⅱ . Results Among the 4404 cases, 864 cases were UU positive(41.90%), 72 were NG positive (10.70%), 192 were CT positive(12.90%) and 24 were HSV-Ⅱ positive(12.90%). Of the 1152 cases of above positive patients, the highest infection rate was in the patients of 20 to 40 years old(86.55%), and the females were ob-viously higher than the males. Conclusions In the people of east Guangdong, the situation of UU, NG, CT and HSV- Ⅱ infection was severe, especially in 20 to40 ages.It is very important to detect the sex transmitted disease agents in high risk people and is also the key link to control UU, NG, CT and HSV- Ⅱ infection.

Objective: To understand the status of human cytomegalovirus(HCMV)infection in healthy blood donors in Shantou,and to quest a reliable detection method.Methods: Antibodies IgM and IgG against HCMV(HCMV-IgM and HCMV-IgG)in 450 blood donors' sera were tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).All 12 seropositive donors(IgM-antibody-positive and IgG-antibody-positive),278 IgM-antibody-negative and IgG-antibody-positive donors,10 IgM-antibody-negative and IgG-antibody-negative donors were detected by fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction(FQ-PCR).The correlation between two methods was analyzed.Results: The positive rate of antibodies IgM and IgG against HCMV was 2.7% and 93.8% in serum,the HCMV positive rates of the plasma examined with the method of FQ-PCR were higher than positive rate of HCMV-IgM examined with the method of ELISA(P0.05).Conclusion: The positive rate of HCMV-IgM in healthy blood donors in Shantou is consistent with other researchers'reports in China.FQ-PCR can sensitively discover active HCMV infection with low detecting HCMV false-negative rate and is absolutely necessary methods for diagnosis HCMV infection in blood donors.

本文对本院2007年1月至2008年12月不育门诊病人中的120例进行了检测精液液化时间试验,结果表明:精液液化时间异常是男性不育重要原因之一,最后提出了精液不液化或液化不全的应对措施。

目的探讨血、尿β2-微球蛋白（β2-MG）检测的临床意义。方法用放射免疫法对肾病患者组和正常对照组血、尿β2-MG水平进行定量测定。结果各型肾病患者组β2-MG水平均有不同程度的升高，与正常对照组差异均具统计学意义，尤以尿毒症组差异最具显著性（P〈0．01），慢性肾小球肾炎组次之。结论血β2-MG水平是诊断肾小球病变的敏感指标；尿β2-MG水平是评价肾小管功能的特异指标，并能反映其损伤程度。

Objective To study the associations among Pre-S1 antigen(Pre-S1), HBV DNA and HBeAg and explore the significance of HBV Pre-S1, HBV DNA, HBeAg detection in the viral replication. Method Pre-S1, serum markers of HBV and HBV DNA concentrations of 198 sere of hepatitis B patients were de,ted by ELISA and FQ-PCR. Results The positive rates of Pre-S1, HBV DNA and HBeAg were 54.0% (107/198), 56.1% (111/198) and 45.5%(90/198) respectively among 198 patients . The same positive rates of them were 36.4%(72/198). In 90 patients with HBeAg positive, the positive rates of Pre-S1 and HBV DNA were 80% (72/90) ,82.2% (74/171) respectively,the coincidence rates of them were great ( P > 0.05). In 108 patients with HBeAg negative, the positive rates of Pre-S1 and HBV DNA were 32.4% (35/108),34.2% (37/108) respectively. There was no significant difference in positive rate between Pre-S1 and HBV DNA( χ2 = 0.08, P > 0.05). Conclusions Pre-S1 and HBV DNA can reflect the replication of HBV sensitively, especially for those who are HBeAg negative, and can be used as a helpful tool for the diagnosis of HBV infection and clinical evaluation.

目的 探讨基因芯片检测技术在筛查和诊断α-珠蛋白生成障碍性贫血的临床价值.方法 应用基因芯片技术对184例在我院门诊及住院就诊的可疑α-珠蛋白生成障碍性贫血患者进行检测.结果 184例患者确诊为α-珠蛋白生成障碍性贫血56例,约占30%,其中56例α-珠蛋白生成障碍性贫血患者的基因型分别为aa/-SEA 28例(占50%),aa/-4.2 4例(占7%),aa/-3.7 12例(占21%),SEA/-a3.7 2例(占4%).SEA/-a4.2 10例(占18%).结论 基因芯片检测技术在临床筛查和诊断α-珠蛋白生成障碍性贫血具有快速、准确、微量、自动化等特点,为临床α-珠蛋白生成障碍性贫血的基因诊断提供重要的依据.

目的应用反向点杂交技术为β-地中海贫血的基因检测提供简便、特异、敏感的方法,为β-地中海贫血的防治及指导优生优育奠定基础。方法应用反向点杂交技术对336例来该院优生优育门诊就诊的可疑β-地中海贫血患者进行检测。结果发生突变位点共96例(占28.6%),其中41-42M/N12例(占3.6%),41-42M/17N4例(占1.2%),654M/N36例(占10.7%),41-42M/654N8例(占2.4%),17M/N12例(占3.6%),28M/N24例(占7.1%)。结论反向点杂交技术为β-地中海贫血提供简便、快捷、准确的基因诊断,有效避免β-地中海贫血患儿的出生,达到优生优育的目的。