Background: Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2 )-positive breast cancer tends to metastasize and is associated with poor prognosis. Anti-HER2 treatment combined with chemotherapy or endocrine therapy is often used for HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer (MBC). For later lines of therapy in HER2-positive MBC, there is no standard treatment. We investigated the efficacy of pyrotinib, a new irreversible tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) targeting epidermal growth factor receptor, HER2 , and HER4 , in lapatinib-resistant HER2-positive MBC patients. Methods: This is a retrospective observational study including lapatinib-resistant HER2-positive MBC patients who received pyrotinib-based treatment. We used the Kaplan-Meier method for the survival analyses. Results: A total of 31 patients were included. Concurrent treatments included cytotoxic chemotherapy (29 patients, 93.6%), endocrine therapy (1 patient, 3.2%), and another targeted therapy (1 patient, 3.2%). The objective response rate (ORR) was 25.8% and the median progression-free survival in the study population was 4.5 months (95% CI: 3.1-5.9 months). The treatment-related adverse events (AEs) included diarrhea, neutropenia, vomiting, fatigue, and thrombocytopenia. Dose reduction to 320 mg was conducted in 19.4% of all cases due to severe AEs. Conclusions: Pyrotinib-based treatment was effective and generally well tolerated in lapatinib-resistant HER2-positive MBC for later line treatment.

Background: The combination of CDK4/6 inhibitors and endocrine therapy (ET) prolonged the progression-free survival (PFS) in hormone receptor (HR) positive HER2 negative metastatic breast cancer (MBC). Palbociclib is the only CDK4/6 inhibitor approved in Mainland China. Aims: This retrospective study investigated the clinical efficacy of palbociclib with ET in real-world practice. Methods: This study was a retrospective observational study including the MBC patients who received the ET with palbociclib in two centers in China. We analyzed the medical records for treatment outcomes and the PFS curves were derived using the Kaplan–Meier method. Results: 69 patients were included. The overall response rate (ORR) was 10.1%, and clinical benefit rate (CBR) was 78.3%. The median PFS was 12.8 months (95% confidence interval [CI]: 10.1–15.5). A longer PFS was observed in the patients with bone only metastasis, no liver metastases, no previous palliative chemotherapy, no previous palliative ET, endocrine sensitivity. 19 patients (27.5%) had reduced the dose of palbociclib according to physician’s decision, and dose reduction didn’t affect the clinical efficacy of the combined treatment. Conclusion: ET combined with palbociclib was effective and well tolerated in HR positive HER2 negative MBC patients in real-world setting.

Objective To explore the efficacy ofTiaogan-Bushen-Xiaoji recipe (TGBSXJ Recipe) on overall survival and progression free survival (PFS) in patients with advanced breast cancer.Methods A total of 105 patients with advanced breast cancer, who received the first-line treatment, were divided into two groups, 56 cases in the control group and 49 in the experimental group. The control group received standard therapy according to guidelines, including chemotherapy, targeted therapy, endocrine therapy and treatment of bisphosphonates.The experimental group received the treatment of TGBSXJ Recipe besides the standard therapy. The overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS) and Karnofsky (KPS) of the patients in two groups were observed and compared. The treatment ended with the sighs of the observation ending, the second progress for the disease or death.Results The overall survival of the experimental group was significantly higher than that of the control group [OS: 58.2(50.7-65.8)/monthsvs. 43.8(30.6-51.6)/months,P=0.040]. The PFS of the experimental group was significantly higher than the control group [PFS: 30.7(23.8-37.7)/monthsvs. 15.2(11.3-19.1)/months,P=0.001]. The KPS of the experimental group was significantly higher than the control group (88.6 ± 10.0vs. 80.5 ± 19.0,t=2.654). The PFS of the triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) in the experimental group was significantly higher than control group [(25.1(12.1-38.0)/monthsvs. 9.9(4.7-15.0)/months,P=0.038].Conclusions The TGBSXJ recipe could extend the OS and PFS and improve the life quality of the patients with advanced breast cancer. In this study, no severe adverse effects had been found in the experimental group.

Abstract Background: There is still no standard chemotherapy for patients with metastatic triple-negative breast cancer (mTNBC). Our previous phase II pilot trial with first-line gemcitabine and cisplatin combination (GP) in patients with mTNBC (clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00601159) showed a median progression-free survival (PFS) of 6.2 months. In this Chinese Breast Cancer Study Group (CBCSG) 006 trial (clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT01287624) we explored in a randomized trial the role of the less costly GP regimen versus the standard GT [Gemcitibine + paclitaxel] chemotherapy for the metastatic breast cancer as a first line treatment for mTNBC. Trial objectives: progression free survival [PFS]; overall survival [OS]; and toxicity. Methods: In the trial with a hybrid trial design incorporating a formal test of superiority as well as noninferiority, mTNBC patients with no previous chemotherapy for metastatic disease were randomly assigned to receive either GP regimen (G/P: 1250 mg/m2 d1,8/ 75 mg/m2 d1) or the GT regimen (same G; T: 175 mg/m2 d1). Results: Between Jan. 2011 and Nov., 2013, 236 patients were randomized [118 patients / arm], and all received at least one dose of assigned chemotherapy. As of Mar. 20, 2014, the intent-to-treat analysis showed 201 recurrences and 97 deaths. Objective response rates of GP vs GT were 67.9% vs. 50.4% (P= 0.008), with median PFS of 232 vs. 194 days (HR=0.692, 95% CI 0.523-0.915; P= 0.009). Overall survival of patients from the GP vs. the GT arms was median 672 vs. 556 days (HR=0.902, 95% CI 0.605-1.344; P= 0.611). Significant differences in grade 3/4 adverse events were seen for nausea, vomiting, anemia and thrombocytopenia [GP vs. GT, 6.8 vs. 0.8%; 11.0 vs. 0.8%; 33.1 vs. 51.0%; and 32.2 vs. 2.5%, respectively]. In addition, assessment of adverse events of any grade showed the GP regimen had more anorexia, constipation, hypomagnesemia and hypokalemia, while GT regimen had significantly more alopecia and peripheral neuropathy. The delivered relative dose intensity was > 90% for all three drugs, with the total number of delivered cycles of chemotherapy in GP and GT arms being 654 and 648 [average 5.54 and 5.49 /patient], respectively. Conclusions: 1.The Gemcitabine + Platinum is superior to Gemcitabine + Paclitaxel in terms of objective response rates and duration of PFS. 2.While grade 3 / 4 nausea & vomiting, and anemia, were heavier for the GP combination, the delivery of chemotherapy and average number of cycles delivered were comparable between the two arms. 3.Overall survival data will be updated on the conference to indicate the long-term effect of the somehow more toxic GP regimen, which shows nevertheless superiority of response rates and of the PFS over the more costly GT regimen. Citation Format: Xichun Hu, Binghe Xu, Li Cai, Zhonghua Wang, Biyun Wang, Jian Zhang, Yuee Teng, Zhongsheng Tong, Yueyin Pan, Yongmei Yin, Changping Wu, Zefei Jiang, Xiaojia Wang, Guyin Lou, Donggeng Liu, Jifeng Feng, Jianfeng Luo, Jiong Wu, Zhimin Shao, Joseph Ragaz. Gemcitabine with cisplatin or paclitaxel in metastatic triple-negative breast cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Thirty-Seventh Annual CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium: 2014 Dec 9-13; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(9 Suppl):Abstract nr P3-10-02.

Background Platinum chemotherapy has a role in the treatment of metastatic triple-negative breast cancer but its full potential has probably not yet been reached. We assessed whether a cisplatin plus gemcitabine regimen was noninferior to or superior to paclitaxel plus gemcitabine as first-line therapy for patients with metastatic triple-negative breast cancer.Methods For this open-label, randomised, phase 3, hybrid-designed trial undertaken at 12 institutions or hospitals in China, we included Chinese patients aged 18-70 years with previously untreated, histologically confirmed metastatic triple-negative breast cancer, and an ECOG performance status of 0-1. These patients were randomly assigned (1: 1) to receive either cisplatin plus gemcitabine (cisplatin 75 mg/m(2) on day 1 and gemcitabine 1250 mg/m(2) on days 1 and 8) or paclitaxel plus gemcitabine (paclitaxel 175 mg/m(2) on day 1 and gemcitabine 1250 mg/m(2) on days 1 and 8) given intravenously every 3 weeks for a maximum of eight cycles. Randomisation was done centrally via an interactive web response system using block randomisation with a size of eight, with no stratification factors. Patients and investigator were aware of group assignments. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival and analyses were based on all patients who received at least one dose of assigned treatment. The margin used to establish non-inferiority was 1.2. If non-inferiority of cisplatin plus gemcitabine compared with paclitaxel plus gemcitabine was achieved, we would then test for superiority. The trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT01287624.Findings From Jan 14, 2011, to Nov 14, 2013, 240 patients were assessed for eligibility and randomly assigned to treatment (120 in the cisplatin plus gemcitabine group and 120 in the paclitaxel plus gemcitabine group). 236 patients received at least one dose of assigned chemotherapy and were included in the modified intention-to-treat analysis (118 per group). After a median follow-up of 16.3 months (IQR 14.4-26.8) in the cisplatin plus gemcitabine group and 15.9 months (10.7-25.4) in the paclitaxel plus gemcitabine group, the hazard ratio for progression-free survival was 0.692 (95% CI 0.523-0.915; p(non-inferiority) < 0.0001, p(superiority) = 0.009, thus cisplatin plus gemcitabine was both non-inferior to and superior to paclitaxel plus gemcitabine. Median progression-free survival was 7.73 months (95% CI 6.16-9.30) in the cisplatin plus gemcitabine group and 6.47 months (5.76-7.18) in the paclitaxel plus gemcitabine group. Grade 3 or 4 adverse events that differed significantly between the two groups included nausea (eight [7%] vs one [< 1%]), vomiting (13 [11%] vs one [< 1%]), musculoskeletal pain (none vs ten [8%]), anaemia (39 [33%] vs six [5%]), and thrombocytopenia (38 [32%] vs three [3%]), for the cisplatin plus gemcitabine compared with the paclitaxel plus gemcitabine groups, respectively. In addition, patients in the cisplatin plus gemcitabine group had significantly fewer events of grade 1-4 alopecia (12 [10%] vs 42 [36%]) and peripheral neuropathy (27 [23%] vs 60 [51%]), but more grade 1-4 anorexia (33 [28%] vs 10 [8%]), constipation (29 [25%] vs 11 [9%]), hypomagnesaemia (27 [23%] vs five [4%]), and hypokalaemia (10 [8%] vs two [2%]). Serious drug-related adverse events were seen in three patients in the paclitaxel plus gemcitabine group (interstitial pneumonia, anaphylaxis, and severe neutropenia) and four in the cisplatin plus gemcitabine group (pathological bone fracture, thrombocytopenia with subcutaneous haemorrhage, severe anaemia, and cardiogenic syncope). There were no treatment-related deaths.Interpretation Cisplatin plus gemcitabine could be an alternative or even the preferred first-line chemotherapy strategy for patients with metastatic triple-negative breast cancer.

目的 探讨微RNA-375(miRNA-375)在三阴性乳腺癌中的表达及生物学效应.方法 采用Real-timePCR技术检测62例三阴性乳腺癌患者的癌组织及其癌旁正常组织中miRNA-375的表达,分析miRNA-375表达与临床病理学特征的关系.对乳腺癌细胞株M DA-MB-231和乳腺纤维腺瘤细胞株MCF-10A中miRNA-375的表达进行检测;将miRNA-375前体转染MDA-MB-231,CCK-8法和Transwell实验检测细胞增殖和侵袭力的变化.结果 三阴性乳腺癌组织中miRNA-375表达显著低于癌旁正常组织(P ＜0.001),miRNA-375的表达与肿瘤的大小和是否存在腋窝淋巴结转移有关(P＜0.001).与MCF-10A比较,MDA-MB-231中miRNA-375的表达显著降低(P =0.021).miRNA-375前体转染后,MDA-MB-231内miRNA-375表达显著上调,细胞增殖能力和侵袭力减弱.结论 三阴性乳腺癌组织和MDA-MB-231中miRNA-375的表达下调.miRNA-375对三阴性乳腺癌发生和发展具有一定的抑制作用.

Aim: There is still no standard first-line chemotherapy for patients with metastatic triple-negative breast cancer (mTNBC). This study compared the first-line use of gemcitabine/cisplatin (GP) with one standard regimen containing gemcitabine/paclitaxel (GT) for patients with mTNBC in terms of efficacy and safety.

Background: Receptor status discordance, such as estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) status between primary breast cancer and metastatic lesions has been reported. The aim of this study was to evaluate the biopsy of clinically diagnosed metastatic lesions and to determine the changes in hormonal receptor and HER2 status of the metastatic lesions.Methods: Sixty-three patients with clinically diagnosed metastatic breast cancer underwent an excisional biopsy or core needle aspiration guided by computed tomography/ultrasound. ER, PR and HER2 were assessed by immunohistochemistry (IHC).Results: A total of 48 metastases (76.2%) and nine second primary malignancies (14.3%, seven primary lung cancers and two primary pancreatic cancers) were found. The discrepancies between ER, PR and HER2 status between the primary breast cancer and metastatic lesions were 14.6%, 16.7% and 8.3%, respectively. Six lesions (9.5%) were proved benign upon biopsy.Conclusions: The biopsy of clinically suspicious metastatic lesions could histologically confirm the diagnosis of metastasis, evaluate discrepancies between ER, PR and HER2 status and exclude secondary malignancy, which might change the therapeutic strategy for breast cancer patients.

Objective To evaluate the roles of rebiopsy for clinically diagnosed metastatic lesion in detecting the changes of hormonal receptors and second malignancy.Methods The metastatic lesions were rebiopsied by core needle aspiration or incision in 42 patients with a clinical diagnosis of metastatic breast cancer by computed tomography or ultrasound.Results None of major complications occurred.Thirty-one metastases were proved pathologically.The discrepancies between primary breast cancer and metastatic lesions of estrogen receptor(ER),progesterone receptor(PR),HER-2 statuses were 22.6％,25.8％ and 9.7％ respectively.And 7 second malignancies were found (16.7％,5 primary lung and 2 primary pancreas cancers).Four patients showed no relapse through rebiopsy.Conclusion The rebiopsy of clinically diagnosed metastatic breast cancer may find the discrepancies of ER,PR,HER-2 statuses and second malignancy so as to change the therapeutic strategies of patients.

Objective To investigate the clinical feature,causes and prognosis of multiple primary malignant neoplasm(MPMN) at the non-breast parts in patients after breast cancer.Methods Fifteen cases with pathologically confirmed MPMN at non-breast parts after the operation of breast cancer were analyzed retrospectively from Jan 2009 to Nov 2011.Results(1) The median interval between occurrence of breast cancer and second primary malignant neoplasm was 30 months,synchronous occurrence in 4 cases,metachronous occurrence in 11 cases.(2) The sites of second primary malignant neoplasm were: lung,endometrial,chest wall,ovary,esophagus,pancreas and thyroid.(3) Thirteen cases with breast cases had no recurrence and metastasis.Bilateral pleural effusion occurred in one case,and unilateral progress occurred in one case.Second primary malignant neoplasm was treated with surgical methods in 7 cases,9 in 15 patients died.Eight patients died of MPMN.Conclusions(1) Patients with breast cancer were prone to MPMN.(2) The occurrence of MPMN related with the therapy of breast cancer.(3) The prognosis of the patients with MPMN was better than that of breast cancer patients with recurrence and metastasis.

Objective:CA15-3 and CEA,the most common serum markers of follow-up study,seem not so sensitive to monitor the tumor progression of breast cancer in our clinical practice nowadays.Whereas it is reported that the overexpression of Her-2/neu in breast tissue was well related to the poor prognosis of patients.This study was to find out the more accurate serum markers,single or combined,to follow-up in breast cancer patients.Methods:ELISA essay was applied to test the serum expressions of HER-2 in 44 female breast cancer patients before and after chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy.Meanwhile the diagnostic value of the HER-2 expression was in comparison with that of the vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF),basic fibroblast growth factor/(b-FGF),epidermal growth factor(EGF),CEA and CA15-3 detected concurrently.Follow-up studies were performed every six months until disease progression.Results:The serum HER-2 in breast cancer had a significant decrease after the treatment(14.23ng/ml vs.6.39ng/ml).They were related to the tumor progression,and their levels significantly elevated in the progression group(21.73ng/ml vs.5.36ng/ml).We also found that the specificity of serum HER-2 alone in determination of disease progression was 80.95%,combined determination of serum HER-2 and b-FGF showed the highest sensitivity of 90.91%,while serum HER-2 and CA15-3 showed the highest accuracy rate of 78.05%.The logistic model demonstrated that serum HER-2 level and CA15-3 level after treatment were the main prognostic factors of progression-free survival.Conclusion:Serum HER-2 level increased with tumor progression.As it is easy to detect,it can be used alone or combined with CA15-3 in follow-up studies for breast cancer patients.

Background and purpose:Lifespan of patients with colorectal carcinoma is closely related to tumor metastasis. The detection of tumor marker may be a useful tool to observe recurrence. However, the roles of biomarkers for patients with colorectal cancer have not been fully defi ned. In our study, we explored the relationship between multiple tumor markers and colorectal carcinoma in order to clarify its clinical signif icance. Methods:Levels of circulating CEA, CK20 and survivin mRNA expression from 92 patients with colorectal carcinoma, 68 patients with non-cancerous lesions and 50 normal control were detected by reverse transcription real time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and the data was analyzed combined with their clinical data. Results:There was no CEA, CK20 or survivin mRNA detected in peripheral blood of normal adults, while survivin mRNA expression rate in patients with non-cancerous lesions was 7.35%, the average copy number was 2.5±0.9. In patients with colorectal carcinoma, the expression rates of CEA, CK20 and survivin mRNA were 41.3%, 47.8% and 79.3%, respectively, the results were statistically associated with lymph node involvement or distant metastasis and Dukes stage of the disease. Four-year survival rate was lower in patients with higher survivin mRNA expression. The combination of detecting CEA, CK20 and survivin mRNA expression in colorectal carcinoma patients had higher specifi city and positive likelihood ratio to predict prognosis. Conclusion:The combination of detecting multiple tumor mRNA markers by Real-time RT-PCR may be a useful tool to observe recurrence and predict the prognosis of patient with colorectal carcinoma.

Objective:To observe and evaluate the efficacy and adverse events of the combination of irinotecan plus capecitabine in the treatment of advanced colorectal cancer as second-line regimen.Methods:Thirty-eight advanced colorectal cancer received a dose of 200mg/m2 irinotecan on d1,and an oral dose of 1000mg/m2 capecitabine twice daily on d1-14,every 3 weeks,at least two cycles were given for each patient.Results:The overall response rate was 7.9%(3/38),the disase control rate was 55.3%(21/38),including 3 partial response(PR),18 stable disease(SD)and 17 progression(PD).The median time to progression(TTP)and the median overall survival(OS)was 4 months and 11 months respectively,and clinical response was the important prognostic factor of time to progression and overall survival.Neutropenia(18.4%)and diarrhea(10.5%)were the most commonly observed grade 3 or 4 adverse events.Conclusion:Irinotecan combined with capecitabine as second-line regimen is efficacious and well-tolerated for the treatment of advanced colorectal cancer.

Objective To study the effect of the expression of CEA、CEAmRNA、CK20mRNA on detecting the metastasis and prognosis of gastric malignant tumors.Methods There were 52 cases of gastric cancer diagnosed by the pathology,28 cases of gastric benign tumors,29 health volunteers,applying Real-time reverse transcription PCR(RT-PCR)to detect the expression of CEAmRNA、CK20mRNA in peripheral blood and in tissue,and electrochemiluminescent immunoassay to detect CEA in peripheral blood.Results There was the significant difference on the positive rate of serum CEA between the benign and malignant tumors(P0.05),but no significant difference between the gastric cancer patients with distant metastasis by serum and without metastasis(P0.05).The different levels of CEAmRNA、CK20mRNA were detected in peripheral blood of the gastric cancer patients.The expression of CEAmRNA was correlated with clinical stage and pathological types of gastric cancer.The expression of CK20mRNA was correlated with clinical stage and lymph nodes metastasis.The positive rate of allied detection of CEAmRNA、CK20mRNA was higher than the single detection.Conclusion It is possible that the expression of CEAmRNA、CK20mRNA is associated with metastasis.The expression of CEAmRNA、CK20mRNA in peripheral blood detected by Real-time reverse transcription PCR(RT-PCR)is perhaps an ideal method for nontraumatic diagnosis of gastric cancer or its metastasis.The level of serum CEA can not reflect the metastasis of tumors.

Objective:To study the changes of MMP-2 and TIMP-2 expression in patients with gastric or colorectal carcinoma so as to elucidate their clinical significance.Methods:Levels of circulating MMP-2 and TIMP-2 mRNA expression from 110 patients with colorectal or gastric carcinoma and 29 normal controls were detected by reverse transcription real time polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR)and compared with the clinical data.Results:MMP-2 mRNA expression in peripheral blood was significant elevated in patients with gastric or colorectal cancer compared with that of normal control(P0.01);while MMP-2 mRNA,MMP-2/TIMP were remarkably elevated in gastric or colorectal patients with local infiltration,lymph node involvement or distal metastasis.The sensitivities of MMP-2mRNA/TIMPmRNA for the diagnosis of gastric and colorectal metastasis were 86.6% and 89.2%,whereas the specificities were 81.8% and 83.3%,respectively.Conclusion:The expression of MMP-2 in peripheral blood was significantly correlated with metastasis of malignant tumor;TIMP-2/MMP-2 ratio may be used as an observing index in gastric or colorectal cancer patients.

早在20世纪初,Goldman就观察到血管围绕肿瘤生成现象.1971年,Judah Folkman博士提出"肿瘤生长和转移依赖血管生成,阻断血管生成是遏制肿瘤生长的有效策略",即所谓的肿瘤饥饿疗法.其中,1997年发现的内皮抑素(Endostatin)[1]因抑制血管生成作用强而备受关注.本文就内皮抑素临床应用的最新进展作一综述.

Purpose To explore the prognostic factors of the extrahepatic bile duct carcinoma.Methods Sixty-eight patients with extrahepatic bile duct carcinoma were followed up.Univariate survival analysis and Cox multivariate regression were used to analyze prognostic factors from these clinical data.Results The median overall survival(OS)of the patients that received radical resection,simple resection and palliative draining operations were 27 months,16 months and 6 months,respectively(P=0.001),and the median OS of the patients with Ⅲ～Ⅳ stage extrahepatic bile duct carcinoma and those with Ⅰ～Ⅱ stage were 16 months and 37 months,respectively(P=0.015).Cox model found surgical procedure(P=0.001)and clinical stage(P=0.037)were independent prognostic factors of OS.Median relapse free survival(RFS)in the patients with Ⅰ～Ⅱ stage extrahepatic bile duct carcinoma was significantly longer than that with Ⅲ～Ⅳ stage(21 months vs.11 months,P=0.003),and median RFS of the patients with adjuvant chemotherapy was significantly longer than that without(19 months vs.11 months,P=0.046).Cox model confirmed that clinical stage(P=0.033)and post-surgical adjuvant chemotherapy(P=0.038)were independent prognostic factors of RFS.Conclusion Surgical modality and clinical stage were independent factors affecting OS,while clinical stage and adjuvant chemotherapy were independent prognostic factors affecting RFS of extrahepatic bile duct carcinoma.

OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of intraperitoneal chemotherapy for malignant ascites caused by different types of abdominal cancers guided by chemo-sensitivity methyl tetrojolium coloremetric (MTT) assay in vitro.METHODS:Cancer cells in the malignant ascites were collected for MTT assay to determine the chemo-sensitivity. The drug producing the highest or the second highest inhibition rate was selected for intraperitoneal chemotherapy. The correlation between the results of MTT assay and the response of malignant ascites, the clinical features, Karnofsky performance score (KPS) and prognosis were analyzed.RESULTS:MTT assay indicated that Taxotere (TXT) and Hydroxycamptothecin (HCPT) were the most effective to cancer cells in malignant ascites, and HCPT was mostly frequently used for intraperitoneal chemotherapy (56.9%). Twenty-four patients showed response by intraperitoneal chemotherapy (complete response: 7; partial response: 17) with a slightly significant correlation between the results of MTT assay and response of malignant ascites (P = 0. 014). The KPS of the responders was improved significantly (P < 0.001), and the response of malignant ascites to intraperitoneal chemotherapy was demostrated as an independent prognostic factor by multi-variate analysis in this series.CONCLUSION:In vitro chemo-sensitivity MTT assay guided intraperitoneal chemotherapy for malignant ascites is simple, effective and safe, which can improve the KPS and prognosis of the responders.

The detection of carcinoma cells in peripheral blood by ICC and RT PCR is now being paid more and more attention by the clinicians. It can use to recognize the characteristic of metastases, improve the tumor staging, judge the prognosis, establish the treatment scheme and follow up the effects. The most frequent methods being used now are ICC and RT PCR. The tumor specific markers as the majority sample chosen included, specific protein, antigen and gene ect.

Purpose:To study the manifestation and clinical significance of rDNA transcription activity analysis of T lymphocytes in cancer patients.Methods:We analyzed the activity of the Ag NORs as one of the rDNA transcription activities in T cell of 100 normal human and 263 tumor patients by KL image system.Results:There were significant differences in the IS%of T lymphocytes in peripheral blood between normal human and cancer patients( P 0 01). The same results can be observed between the patients with tumor and without tumor residual as well as in different ages of normal human ( P 0 01).There were no significant differences in normal persons or cancer patients of different ages as well as in different position and the cell type of cancer ( P 0.05).Conclusions:There were significant differences in IS% of T lymphocytes in peripheral blood between normal human and cancer patients. But there was no relationship with the gender of the cancer patients, position and the cell type of tumor. So it can be one of the approaches to diagnose cancer and to monitor the progress. [