Chang 6 sandstone reservoir in Huaqing oilfield is a typical tight reservoir. The whole reservoir presents the characteristics of obvious non Darcy seepage, widespread development of natural fractures, large proportion of low production and low efficiency wells, and low production of single wells developed by conventional vertical wells. Based on the mechanism of highly deviated wells improving oil production rate, aiming at the problems of low recovery degree and fracture development induced by water injection during the development of tight reservoirs, this paper verifies the feasibility and superiority of highly deviated wells in tight reservoirs through indoor numerical simulation and field actual effect evaluation. The research results indicate that: (1) The highly deviated wells in the study area adopt advanced fine layered water injection development method, and the regional formation pressure is maintained at a level of over 120

受储层致密低压、长期注采条件下有效驱替系统难以建立等因素影响,鄂尔多斯盆地部分水平井产量递减大,采油速度和累计采出程度较低.为此,基于水平井压力场及应力场分布规律,集成体积改造、补充能量、渗吸驱油一体化重复改造技术优化设计模式,配套实施了机械封隔与动态暂堵相结合的大排量高效分段复压工艺及管柱.测试分析表明,水平井重复压裂储层改造体积达到初次压裂的2倍以上,裂缝复杂指数达到新井压裂时的1.3倍,地层压力保持水平由75％提高至120％.试验井复压后单井产油量由2t以下提高至10～15t,自喷期达到3个月以上,生产la后平均产油量仍达到10～12t/d,采油速度由0.22％提升至1.05％,预测最终累计产油量可提高1倍以上.该技术对其他非常规储层提高水平井老井产量及最终采出程度有一定的借鉴.

采用原子发射光谱仪、X射线衍射仪,对水样理化性质及现场垢样成分进行了检测,分析其结垢成因.检测的水样中均含有结垢性离子HCO3-+CO32-、Mg2+、Ca2+、SO42-、Ba2+与Sr2+,且管线结垢原因主要是由Ba2+与SO42-反应生成沉淀造成的.采用集中诱导成垢技术进行现场试验并进行效果评价,结果表明:采用集中诱导成垢技术可将90％以上的成垢离子提前沉积,大幅度延缓后期管线中的结垢速率与结垢量,可有效解决工业生产水系统集输管线结垢问题.

采用常规表面活性剂或多相体系所形成的泡沫稳定性较差而难以满足众多工业领域的应用.近年来,利用微纳米晶体以形成具有超稳定特性的泡沫体系受到学术界的重视.因此,着重论述了晶体颗粒对泡沫的形成机制和稳定机制以及影响因素,如晶体颗粒的浓度、环境温度、粒径大小、溶剂性质等,并简要概括了晶体颗粒形成的泡沫在食品和材料领域的应用,同时指出了该领域今后的研究方向.

根据金属良好的延展性,对油田生产过程中产生的废旧抽油杆实施修复再利用是提高资产利用率和降低综合生产成本的一大举措,而建立严密的修旧利废质量监控体系是确保修复杆满足生产需求的关键.结合现场实际,通过规范修复工艺流程和监管、加强修复杆质量抽检和鉴定、实施专杆专用和服役情况追踪溯源,有效保证了修复抽油杆的性能指标和服役质量,达到了重复利用、降本增效的目的.

针对普通Al-Zn-In阳极材料随着温度升高电化学保护效果变差的问题,添加Sn、Mg、稀土等合金材料,研制出耐温阳极材料,使其表面均匀溶解,电流效率提高了19％根据油井套管内防腐精准度的需要,利用新型阳极材料研制出一种可随油管入井而保护套管的耐温牺牲阳极短节,配套简便,由井下对比试验可知其防腐效果明显.

针对井下套管内涂层缺乏有效检测和变化监测手段的问题,创新开展微电极法和单电极法两种套管内涂层检测技术现场试验,并建立不同矿化度介质下与微电阻与内涂层损失率之间的数学模型,两种方法互补,较清晰反应出涂层套管配套情况及涂层变化趋势,为新井内防腐工艺配套执行情况核查和防腐工艺适应性评价提供有效途径.

针对区块特征,合理评价筛选适应性清蜡剂是提高现场药品投加效能和降低生产成本的有效途径.根据生产需求及现场条件,参照石油天然气行业标准SY/T6300-2009《采油用清、防蜡剂技术条件》对白404油藏适应性清蜡剂进行筛选评价,改进溶蜡速率测试方法.优化形成白404油藏专用清蜡剂,较原配方溶蜡速率提升了33.3％;测试蜡球全溶时间来评价溶蜡速率的方式,在操作上因溶液逐渐浑浊而难以准确测定,采用全溶失重法测定单位时间蜡球溶解量,测试偏差减少40.8％.

目前国内各大油田在井筒热洗清蜡过程中普遍存在热洗液倒灌储层,易造成储层堵塞的现象,针对此问题,研制了防倒灌回洗阀,该装置主要由反向密封皮碗及单流阀组成,成本低、结构简单,现场试验表明,该装置热洗液返排率达到94％以上,可有效防止热洗液倒灌地层.

In view of the ultra-low permeability reservoirs characteristics of Chang 6 zone in Huaqing oilfield,Oil &Gas Technology research institute,Changqing Oilfield Company developed separate layer fracturing string and supporting tools in φ114.3 mm casing,with the current status of exploitation of φ114.3 mm casing well completion and most for high-deviated wells.One-trip string could fracture three layers,which has been made up of hydraulic anchors,K344 packers,blasts and so on.By the end of 2009,in the ultra-low permeability reservoirs in Huaqing oilfield,this technology was applied in 113 wells,which resulted a operation success ratio of more than 95% and a hoisting success of 100%,which can meet the demand of separate layer fracturing wells.In the 114.3 mm casing,it could separate layer fracture in the well depth within 2500m and the oblique within 45°.

无损检测技术在钢制储油罐制造过程的的应用非常重要。本文对钢制储油罐焊缝及微裂纹检测的特点及步骤进行了深入探讨,具有一定参考价值。

Yuancheng oil field is one of the earlier exploit oil field in Ordos basin.Edgebottom water develops.Constituents of production stream are complicated.Contents of dissolvable gas like H_2S and CO_2 are high.Oil well casing's corrosion speed is high.All of these influence oil well's normal production seriously.We use Yuancheng oil field's production stream as base solution,analysis oil well's corrosion speed in different density of H_2S,CO_2, O_2,coexist of these three gases.Through analysis and research we gain some achievements. First,corrosion speed of single gas like H_2S and CO_2 have a limiting value,and when the base solution has oxygen,the corrosion speed will add as oxygen content's add.Second,in coexists system of these three dissolvable gases,main factor is H_2S,next is CO_2,O_2.

Based on some special phenomenon in Huaqing oil field like the gas-oil ratio is big,the productivity is low and it's hard to control casing pressure,this article has analyzed theoretical foundation of increase production by rise and down casing pressure repeatedly, has defined the relationship between producing pressure differential and productivity,and has found influence factor or casing pressure control through the combine of theory and practice to increase production of oil well.

从两个方面对支撑剂回流控制措施进行了研究,一是改善压裂支撑剂的性能;另一方面是近井筒地带支撑剂填充层的稳定性,采用有控制的裂缝闭合工序,让裂缝尽早闭合。在前人研究工作的基础上,对改善性能后的支撑剂和添加剂进行了总结,包括树脂包胶支撑剂、加纤维支撑剂、热塑性薄膜支撑剂、表面改良支撑剂、可变形支撑剂、树脂冲洗措施等,总结其性质和适用性。总结前人的成果,建立模型,分析了评估支撑剂回流的重要参数——压裂液临界返排流量的影响因素及变化规律,提出了对压裂液返排程序进行优化设计的准则和方法,指导返排,控制回流。

阐述了井下作业"积极井控"的涵义、主要内容以及实现"积极井控"所提出的工作建议,对各油田企业做好井控管理工作可起到抛砖引玉的作用。