目前,浅静脉留置针已在临床护理工作中广泛应用.本文在阅读大量文献的基础上,结合日常工作经验,探讨留置针在老年患者使用过程中的常见问题,提出解决对策,旨在为临床护理人员的日常工作提供参考依据.

目的:探究无创双水平正压通气在急性重症哮喘患者治疗中的应用效果.方法:选取2017年6月～2018年1月我院收治的急性重症哮喘患者92例作为研究对象,经随机数字表法分为对照组(n=46)和观察组(n=46),两组均实施常规治疗,观察组在此基础上加入无创双水平正压通气治疗.对比两组治疗有效率与肺通气功能指标.结果:观察组治疗有效率高于对照组(P＜0.05).治疗后观察组PEF、FVC、FEV1高于对照组(P＜0.05).结论:无创双水平正压通气联合常规治疗措施在急性重症哮喘患者治疗中疗效确切,有效改善肺功能.

慢阻肺属于临床上常见的慢性疾病,具有明显的气流阻塞性特征,随着病情的发展,还可能发展为肺心病和呼吸衰竭.雾化吸入是慢性阻塞性肺疾病常见的治疗方式,探究分析雾化吸入在慢性阻塞性肺疾病治疗中的应用进展对疾病的治疗意义重大,以下针对近几年来雾化吸入治疗COPD的最新研究进行综述:

本文通过复习相关文献,特对床旁纤维支气管镜在重症肺炎中的临床应用及护理干预措施进行了综述,以期为相关医护人员提供参考,为改善重症肺炎患者临床症状和提高临床疗效提供借鉴.

目的:探讨品管圈活动在提高呼吸内科患者痰标本送检率中的应用.方法:收治患者100例,分析痰标本未及时送检的原因,成立品管圈,比较实施活动前后痰液送检率.结果:实施后痰液送检率高于实施前,护理人员团队精神、活动精神、沟通协调等方面能力提高.结论:品管圈活动可提高呼吸内科患者痰标本送检率.

Objective To investigate the role of interleukin-17(IL-17) in pathogene of COPD.Methods Serum levels of IL-17 were determined by enzyme-labeled immunosorbent assay(DA-ELISA) in 100 COPD patients in acute exacerbation phase(group A1),100 COPD patients in stable phase(group A2) and 100 normal healthy people(group C).Forced expiratory volume of one second(FEV1) was tested as well.Results The serum level of IL-17 in group A1 was higher than that in group A2 [(73.1±58.4) pg/ml vs.(34.8±21.6) pg/ml](P0.01),which was higher in group A2 than that in group C[(16.4±7.6) pg/ml](P0.01).Serum level of IL-17 was negatively correlated with FEV1% in group A1(P0.05).Conclusion IL-17 might be associated with pathogene of COPD.

Objective:To investigate the role of interleukin-17(IL-17) and C-reactive albumin (CRP) in the pathogenesy of the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Methods:The serum levels of IL-17 and CRP were determined by double antibody enzyme-labeled immunosorbent assay (DA-ELISA) in 100 healthy control and 100 COPD patients at acute exacerbation phase and stable phase. Pulmonary functions of all research subjects were tested and calculated for the percentage of forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) of prediction value (FEV1%). Results:The serum levels of IL-17 and CRP were significantly higher in COPD patients with acute exacerbation than those of COPD patients at stable phase and healthy control (P < 0.05). The serum level of IL-17 was negatively correlated with FEV1%(r = -0.437, P < 0.05), and positively correlated with CRP(r = 0.582, P < 0.05), in COPD patients with acute exacerbation phase. There was a positive correlation between the serum levels of IL-17 and CRP in COPD patients with stable phase (r = 0.481, P < 0.05). Conclusion:IL-17 might be associated with pathogenesy of COPD. The serum levels of IL-17 and CRP can be used as the relevant indicators to monitor COPD.

Objective: To analyze the clinical characteristics of lower respiratory tract infection caused by Stenotrophomonas maltophilia in aged patients and investigate the antibiotic sensitivity of S. maltophilia strains. Methods: The clinical data of 48 cases of lower respiratory tract infection by S. maltophilia in the aged were reviewed retrospectively. The pathogens were identified with the automatic system (MicroScan Walkaway 40; DADE; US) and susceptibility of S. maltophilia strains was tested with PCIZ and NC11 system. Results: About 97. 9% (47/48) of the patients had more than one underlying diseases, 79% of which were acute exacerbation of COPD, 68. 8% were immunocompromised. Decreased level of albumin, prior use of broad-spectrum antibiotics and invasive treatment were found in 79. 2%, 100% and 72. 9% of the cases respectively. Clinical manifestations include fever (75%), wheezing (89. 6%), cough and expectoration (81. 3%). The chest X-ray in most cases revealed infiltration in lower lobes of both lungs. Pleural fluid was found in some of the cases. White blood cell count and neutrophil count increased significantly, with a higher level of CRP. The susceptibility testing showed that these strains (n=48) had high antibiotic resistance. In addition to imipenem, they were also multiresistant to aminoglycosides and cephalosporins. The susceptibility rates of these strains to levofloxacin, ciprofloxacin and SMZ-TMP were 89. 6%, 79. 2% and 68. 8% respectively. Conclusions: The lower respiratory tract infection caused by S. maltophilia occurred in the aged patients who had various underlying diseases, immunocompromised status, decreased level of albumin, prior use of broad-spectrum antibiotics or invasive treatment. Antibiotic resistance is common in this pathogen. Etiology and antibiotic susceptibility should be confirmed as early as possible for rational antibiotic prescription.

目的:通过分析护理差错的原因,提出护理对策.方法:对我院2004-2005年发生的24例护理差错进行原因分析.结果:白天是护理差错发生的主要时间;内科和手术科室是护理差错发生的主要科室;低职称和高工龄的护士是护理差错发生的主要人员.造成护理差错的主要原因是查对不严和违反操作规程.结论:控制护理差错的发生,是提高护理质量、保证护理安全的一项重要工作.

护士长是医院护理管理层最基层的管理者,也是护理单元工作的具体领导者和组织者,她既要参与科室的行政工作,负责对护士的全面管理,又要协调与各科室、医生、患者等方面的关系.

超声介入是在超声显像的引导下,经皮穿刺完成组织活检、液体抽吸和引流等操作[1].穿刺活检后在癌瘤体内注入无水乙醇或乙酸直接杀伤肿瘤细胞,在抽吸积液后囊腔内注入硬化剂目的是抑制囊液分泌.此项治疗措施与经导管肝动脉化疗栓塞术相比,操作简单,并发症少[2].我院自2002年7月～2004年6月对37例患者采用超声引导下的微创介入治疗,获得了满意的效果.现将手术配合与护理措施报道如下.

"以质量为生命,以病人为中心"是医院生存的根本,也是我们护理管理工作的宗旨.我科于2002～2004年度在护理服务文化过程中抓好综合统筹管理调控窗,使我科的护理质量和病人的满意率有了很大的提高.

口腔是病原微生物侵人机体的途径之一,通过临床观察发现,口腔酸碱度(pH值)的变化与口腔感染的发生率有着密切的关系,尤其真菌感染.2003年8月起对我院呼吸病房的70例慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)患者进行口腔酸碱度的测定,并对pH值在5.0～6.0之间的患者,通过选用适合的口腔护理溶液进行口腔护理,调节口腔酸碱度,使其pH值维持在正常范围之间,有效地预防了口腔真菌感染的发生,现将护理体会报告如下.