当资本遇到农业,会撞出什么火花?近年以来,越来越多的资本大佬进军农业,联想、京东、阿里巴巴、恒大等大企业陆续投资农业.资本大佬跨界玩农业,已经不新鲜.越来越多的知名企业进入,也引发新一轮“资本下乡”大猜想. 所谓资本下乡,就是把城镇工商业积累庞大的科技、人力、物力、财力等资源吸引到农村去,以解决农村面临的困境.2014年末,政府发布《关于引导农村土地经营权有序流转发展农业适度规模经营的意见》(以下简称61号文),提出要加强对工商企业租赁农户承包地的监管和风险防范,各地对工商企业长时间、大面积租赁农户承包地要有明确的上限控制.

“欢迎光临合和大唐!”循着热情的问候声望去,来的是一位三十来岁的青年客人,背着公文包,拖着行李箱,一身风尘仆仆,这时一位刚从店里走出来的经理模样的中年男子闻声,加快了步伐,走上前去,和青年男子握起手来,“小郭,你好,好久不见,又来武汉出差啊!”“是的,好久不见,明天有个商务合作要谈.”“你老爸近来身体好些了吧?”“谢谢关心,现在恢复的不错……” 似老朋友相见,也恰如老朋友相见.青年男子是一位差旅商务人士,中年男子那醒目的山羊胡已经向大家摊开了他的名片——武汉市沐足行业领军人物、武汉合和大唐健康管理有限公司董事长张健.

Objective To describe the incidence in population and urban-rural distribution of dementia in elderly people aged 65 years and over in two communities in Beijing and to explore potential psychosocial and cardiovascular risk factors of dementia.Methods This 5-year follow-up study was a part of the 10/66 dementia study.Two thousands and twenty five non-dementia people aged 65 years and over in Xicheng District (urban) and Daxing District (rural) of Beijing were followed up during February,2009 to March,2010.The study was a comprehensive one-stage survey and diagnosis of dementia was based on 10/66 dementia criteria.Measurements included the Community Screening Interview for Dernentia,Geriatric Mental State-B3 version,Background Socio-demographic and Risk factor Questionnaire including self-report chronic diseases,Informant Interview Questionnaire,and physical examinations.Cox proportional hazard regression model was conducted to explore potential risk factors.Results One hundred and seventy three incident dememia patients were identified.The 5-year cumulative incidence rate of dementia was 8.54％ aud the average annual incidence rate was 1.77％.The rates increased consistently with aging.The incidence of dementia was higher in female than that in male,and the difference was statistically significant (2.00％ vs.1.42％,P ＜ 0.01).The incidence of dementia among lower education level group was higher than those in higher level groups,and different marriage statuses had significantly different incidence of dementia (P ＜ 0.01).The incidence difference between urban and rural communities was not statistically significant.Multivariate Cox regression model showed that older age,smoking,bigger waist hip ratio and stoke history were risk factors of dementia,and physical exercise was protective factor of dementia.Conclusions The incidence of dementia in the study is higher than those in previous studies.It should be advocated to reduce smoking,prevent and treat stroke,and exercise physically in order to decrease risk of dementia.

Objective:To describe the incidence of mild cognitive impairment(MCI) in an urban and a rural community of Beijing in five years,and to explore socio-demographic and biological risk factors of MCI incidence.Methods:Totally 1859 elderly people aged 65 and over in Xicheng District(urban) and Daxing District(rural) of Beijing were evaluated by a set of fully structured assessments in a one-stage process developed by the international cooperated 10/66 group(including the Geriatric Mental State Schedule Shortened Community Version and Automated Geriatric Examination for Computer Assisted Taxonomy(GMS-AGECAT),Cognitive test battery,Informant Interview Questionnaire,Background Socio-demographic and Risk factor Questionnaire).MCI were diagnosed according to the General MCI criteria developed by the 10/66 group.The 5-years cumulative incidence rate and average annual incidence rate were calculated to describe the status of incidence of MCI,uni-and multivariate Cox regressions were applied for analyzing risk factors.Results:In this follow-up study,193 subjects were diagnosed as new MCI patients.The 5-year cumulative incidence rate was 10.38%(95%CI:9.00-11.82%),and the average annual incidence rate was 2.17%(95%CI:1.76-2.30).There were statistical differences of MCI incidence by age,gender,urban-rural area,and education level.Older age(HR=4.66,95%CI:1.41-15.42),living in a rural area(HR=2.54,95%CI:1.72-3.75),history of stroke(HR=3.04,95%CI:1.63-5.68),history of diabetes(HR=2.00,95%CI:1.14-3.50),lager Waist Hip Ratio(HR=4.97,95%CI:3.53-7.01) were risk factors of MCI occurrence.Having spouse(HR=0.55,95%CI:0.40-0.76) and physical exercise(HR=0.34,95%CI:0.14-0.84) were the protective factors.Conclusions:The five year cumulative incidence rate of mild cognitive impairment found from this study in elderly people aged 65 and over in Beijing was 10.38% and the average annual incidence rate was 2.17%.Older age,living in a rural area,history of stroke,history of diabetes,lager Waist Hip Ratio were risk factors of MCI occurrence.This study provides a foundation for future prevention and intervention of MCI,which has significant social and clinical value.

在并联机组的制冷系统中,冷冻油的温度控制,直接影响着压缩机的运转和效率,而油冷却器负荷的大小又直接决定了冷冻油的温度高低。油冷却器过大,使油温过低,油的流动性及流量受到影响;油冷却器过小,使油温过高,润滑性能下降。所以合理的选择油冷却器显得非常重要。

随着大功率氟螺杆压缩机生产技术的日趋完善,大功率的氟螺杆并联压缩机组在节能方面、控制方面、运行稳定方面等有着明显的优势,所以大功率的氟螺杆并联压缩机组在大中型冷库应用越来越广泛。

Objective:To investigate prevalence of dementia and related factors among people aged 65 and over in an urban of Beijing City based on two surveys carried out in the same area both in 1986 and 1997, and to analyze the dynamic change of dementia prevalence in the past two decades. Methods: Using cluster sampling, 1562 elderly aged 65 orand overabove were interviewed by a set of fully structured assessments in a one-stage process developed by the 10/66 group for dementia in an urban district of Beijing City. Dementia patients were diagnosed in accordance with ICD-10 criteria. Results:The prevalence rate of dementia among the elderly people in 2004 was 4.1%, which was similar to 1997's result (3.2%, ). There were no statistical differences among the three surveys on prevalence of moderate and severe dementia(2.8%,1.9%,and 1.8% respectively,P=0.192). The prevalence rates of dementia were increased with age.In 2004, the patients with AD were much more than those with VD (47.9%/45.8%). Conclusions:The three surveys in the same district during two decades show that the level of dementia prevalence is rather stable. The prevalence of dementia increased with age.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the psychosocial status and related factors among university students during severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) epidemic in Beijing.METHODS:By means of stratified cluster sampling, symptom checklist-90 (SCL-90) and questionnaire on general information were applied among 6800 students in three universities in Beijing.RESULTS:There were 6280 valid questionnaires gathered. In order to control and prevent SARS, strict management was conducted in three universities which providing various social supports. Out of the 6280 students, 460 had SCL-90 positive symptoms with a rate of 7.3%. Risk factors of SCL-90 positive symptom were found as follows: major in arts (OR = 2.00), misconception on the control and prevention of SARS (OR = 1.91), considering measures non-effective (OR = 2.25), and do not believe that SARS can be under control (OR = 3.57). Protective factors of SCL-90 positive symptom would include as: being female (OR = 0.77), being graduate students (OR = 0.38), and being not much influenced on study and daily life during the period of strict management (OR = 0.54).CONCLUSION:Psychosocial status of students was influenced by their knowledge and attitude on SARS. Various social supports might keep the university students to having a healthy psychosocial status.

Objective: To investigate the mental status and the prevalence of acute posttraumatic stress disorder(PTSD) with subjects recovered from SARS Methods: All 286 patients recovered from SARS were interviewed with SDS, SAS and PTSD subscale from CIDI Results: The incidence rate of depressive state was 164%, the incidenc e ra t e of anxious state was 101% and the incidence rate of acute PTSD was 979% Mar riage status, age, education, somebody else suffered from SARS and died from SAR S were effective factors on the incidence of depressive states, anxious state an d PTSD Conclusion: SARS results in different extent of psychol ogical impairments acute or chronic

Objective:To follow up the elderly with dementia or depression, and follow up normal elderly to observe the change of their cognitive function.Method:40 cases of dementia, 25 with depression identified in the 1997 survey were followed up with self-made questionnaire in 1999, other 1528 normal elderly in that survey were also followed up with the same questionnaire and same instruments (MMSE and GDS) used in 1997.Result:17 of the 40 demented patients died, the standard mortality ratio (SMR) was 3.42. Of the other 23 patients alive, 8 became worse, 13 stayed the same, one with fluctuated course, and the other one was re-diagnosed aspseudo-dementia. Of the 25 depressed patients, 10 were still depressed, 10 recovered, 5 died with one developed dementia before his death.(In the 1378 normal elderly of 1997)the incident rate of dementia was higher in those with lower MMSE scores than that in those with normal MMSE scores in 1997. Similarly, the incident rate of depression was higher in those with higher GDS scores in 1997 than in those with normal GDS scores at that time.Conclusion:The prognosis of dementia and depression in the elderly is poor. Cognitive dysfunction is associated with both dementia and depression.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the incidence of senile dementia and depression in the elderly and the factors correlative with these disorders. METHODS All the non-case subjects investigated in a survey of prevalence of senile dementia and depression conducted among the elderly population in Xicheng District, Beijing in 1997 were followed up in 1999. The investigation procedure, instruments and diagnostic criteria were identical with those used in 1997 survey. RESULTS The annual incidence rates of senile dementia was 0.89% in those aged 60 and over. The incidence rate of old males and that of the old females were not significantly different. The annual incidence rate of senile dementia in groups aged 60 approximately 64, 64 approximately 69, 70 approximately 74 75 approximately 79 80 approximately 84 85 approximately 89, and 90 and over were 0.15% 0.68 % 0.44% 1.32% 2.41% 5.72% and 5.13% respectively. The incidence rate in the elderly over 90 was lower than that in the group aged 85 approximately 89. The minimum annual incidence rate of depression in the elderly aged 60 and over was 1.28%. The incidence rate of depression was higher in the group with poorer health than in the group with better health. The incidence rates of moderate and severe dementia were not significantly different from those in 1989. CONCLUSION The incidence rate of senile dementia in the elderly remains rather stable during this period of 10 years in Beijing city. The incidence rate of senile dementia is closely correlated with age. The incidence rate of depression in the elderly is remarkably correlated with health status. Senile dementia and depression may coexist in the same person.

<span id="ChDivSummary" name="ChDivSummary" class="abstract-text">目的 :了解九十年代老年期痴呆和老年抑郁症患病率水平 ,并与八十年代调查结果进行比较。方法 :从社区中选取 60岁及以上老人为调查对象。采用两阶段调查法 ,以 MMSE,GDS,为筛查工具 ;ADL ,HAMD为评定工具 ;DDDS和 HIS为鉴别工具。按 ICD- 10确诊病例。结果 :在 15 93名 60岁及以上老人中 ,老年期痴呆患病率2 .5 1% ,其中 AD 1.3 8% ,VD 0 .94 % ;老年抑郁症患病率 1.5 7%。本结果与 1986年老年期痴呆调查相比较 ,差异无显著性。结论 :老年期痴呆和老年抑郁症是危害老年人健康的主要疾病。</span>

<span id="ChDivSummary" name="ChDivSummary" class="abstract-text">本研究对北京城区社区中１９８６年曾接受痴呆患病调查的１０９０名６０岁及以上老人，采用相同的工具，方法和诊断标准，进行了三年后的随访调查。应答率为７５．７％。中、重度痴呆年平均发病率为３．０‰，发病率随年龄增长而增加，性别之间差异不显著。脑血管性痴呆多于原发性退行性痴呆，二者之比３：２。痴呆病人平均病程８．０年，死因是非特异性的，其死亡危险性是同龄人的三倍。</span>

<span id="ChDivSummary" name="ChDivSummary" class="abstract-text">“通过对三种住房类型的177名老年人居民健康状况调查表明,自评健康状况不好者,平房的比例（41%）明显高于中层（24.6%）和高层（24.0%）。但无论是身体健康,还是精神健康,在不同住房类型的老年人之间差异均不显著。老年人对居住条件、生活条件、收入及消费水平等方面的自我评价也未见明显差异。多因素分折显示老人孤独感与家庭关系、经济水平关系最密切,而烦恼与健康状况,家庭关系两因素关系密切。此结果可作为今后“住房与健康”调查对比的基础资料。</span>

<span id="ChDivSummary" name="ChDivSummary" class="abstract-text">本文是协作项目样本中全部125名6～14岁儿童的调查报告。结果显示,高层楼房家庭一起活动的比例最高;平房儿童户外活动时间最长,三种类型住房儿童的曾患症状差别无显著性,且明显少于其它国家,提示中国儿童的健康和行为受住房类型影响甚微。</span>

<span id="ChDivSummary" name="ChDivSummary" class="abstract-text">本文报告了北京市西城区三种类型住房三代同堂家庭调查样本125户中第二代成人199人的问卷调查结果。调查结果显示三种类型住房第二代成人的健康状况及烟酒嗜好差别无显著性;楼房的居住环境优于平房,但邻里交往不如平房密切;对居住条件和生活的自我评价主要取决于住房设施,邻里关系、年龄和性别,而受住房类型影响较小。</span>

<span id="ChDivSummary" name="ChDivSummary" class="abstract-text">本文报告了北京医科大学精神卫生研究所与瑞典卡罗林斯卡学院应激研究所,关于北京市住房类型、环境与健康协作研究的方法学及一般社会人口学资料。调查工具由瑞方提供,调查人员间一致性为0.7～1.0,样本为北京市西城区福绥境街道125户三代同堂家庭。共501人,其中第一代老人177人,第二代成年人199人,6～14岁儿童125名。为了吸取国外有关研究成果,在我国首次开展住房、环境与健康的调查研究。1985年经卫生部批准由北京医科大学精神卫生研究所与瑞典卡罗林斯卡学院应激研究所合作,并得到瑞典建筑研究院的资助,在北京对不同类型住房、环境与居民健康开展探索性研究。本篇着重报导研究的方法学内容及一般社会人口学资料。</span>

<span id="ChDivSummary" name="ChDivSummary" class="abstract-text">应用症状自评量表（SCL-90）对云南省澜沧县地震三个月后灾民的心理健康状况调查表明,灾民组心理健康水平明显低于对照组,有亲人伤亡者心理健康水平尤低。主要症状表现为躯体不适,强迫,抑郁,焦虑等。多因素分析表明,影响心理健康水平的主要因素是震前情绪,有无亲人伤亡,对救灾的满意程度,年龄,婚姻状况,文化程度等。</span>

<span id="ChDivSummary" name="ChDivSummary" class="abstract-text">对北京市城区老年人婚姻、家庭状况调查表明,71.1%老人在婚,丧偶老人占28.9%,女性丧偶者是男性的三倍,随年龄增长丧偶者明显增多。近半数老人生活在三代大家庭中,身边有子女者占四分之三。婚姻状况,家庭结构和家庭关系均影响着老年人的心身健康。</span>

<span id="ChDivSummary" name="ChDivSummary" class="abstract-text">本研究以亲属应激量表（RSS）总分,SCL-90总分及各因子分为指标,对131位老年痴呆亲属及288位对照进行调查,显示亲属组较对照组心理应激水平高,心理健康状况差。影响痴呆亲属心理健康状况的主要因素有心理应激水平、性别、受教育程度、年龄、家庭经济及人口数等。有40%的痴呆亲属愿由医院或机构照顾老人或老年性痴呆病人,提示老年性痴呆的照顾以及照顾者心理健康状况值得重视。</span>