Objective To analyze the effect of quantification health education for gestational diabetes mellitus ( Gestational Diabetes Mellitus, GDM) . Methods The 140 cases of gestational diabetes mellitus who in our hospital from 2011 August to 2012 May treated were randomly divided into random health education group ( 70 cases) and quan-tification health education group ( 70 cases) , the results of two modes after education were analyzed. Results All the patients were elevated in mastering knowledge of the disease after the education and controlled the blood sugar bet-ter. The quantification health education group was superior to the random group in the rate of the mastering knowledge, controlling blood sugar and satisfaction of the patients ( P<0. 05 ) . Conclusions The quantification health education can obviously help improving the GDM patients knowing better of their disease and controlling better their blood sug-ar. The quantification health education is worth using widely in the clinical practice.

目的：妊娠早期通过饮食和运动联合干预，降低妊娠期糖尿病（GDM）发病风险。方法采用前瞻性研究，选取2012年3月—12月在深圳妇幼保健院产科门诊早孕建册的孕妇1083例，按就诊日期随机分为干预组和对照组。干预组519例，在妊娠早期（8～12周）首次产科建册检查时给予合理饮食和步行运动健康教育干预，继于孕24～26周和32～34周分别进行随访和再次干预，最终完成研究487例。对照组564例未进行干预，最终527例完成研究。结果干预组发生 GDM25例（5．1％），对照组发生 GDM47例（8．9％），干预组 GDM发病率、剖宫产率和巨大儿出生率均低于对照组，两组比较差异均有统计学意义。结论妊娠早期孕妇接受专业的饮食和运动健康教育联合干预有助于降低 GDM的发病率，可减少剖宫产和巨大儿出生的发生风险。

Objective To investigate measures of reducing mobility of gestational diabetes mellitus( GDM)by early intervention on diet and physical activity in pregnant. Method A randomly control trial was made by starting from first trimester of pregnancy. 1083 pregnant women were divided into two groups:experimental(n=519)and control(n=564). Researchers made a face to face health education about healthy diet and physical activity during pregnancy for each subject. The experimental group were required to control their body mass and walk around for 30~60 minutes after meal twice a day. The control group did not receive the interventions mentioned above. At the end of pregnancy,the incurrence of GDM,Caesarean birth and macrosomia were calculated respectively andχ2 analysis was made. Results In the experimental group,25 pregnant women happened GDM,209 Caesarean birth,27 macrosomia. In the control group,these were 47,274,47 cases respectively. The difference between both groups was statistically significant( P﹤0. 05 ). Conclusion The combination of early diet and exercise health education intervention in pregnant women can reduce the incidence of GDM,reduce the cesarean section and macroso-mia birth.

目的:对妊娠期糖尿病患者进行包括健康指导在内的综合护理干预,观察综合护理干预的临床效果。方法:选择妊娠期糖尿病患者200例,随机分为观察组和对照组各100例。对照组进行常规护理;观察组在此基础上实施健康教育、心理教育、饮食指导、运动指导、用药护理、妊娠期的监测。结果:综合护理干预后观察组治疗依从性率85%、护理满意度96.00%高于对照组的60.00%和80.00%;观察组新生儿巨大儿、羊水过多的发生率分别为4%、5%,明显低于对照组13%、15%,两组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:对糖尿病患者实施综合护理干预能够提高治疗依从性,提高护理满意度,明显减少母儿并发症,值得临床推广。

产后出血是指胎儿娩出后24 h内,大量出血,出血量超过500 ml[1].产后大出血是一种常见的产科并发症,占孕产妇死亡的首位.原因大致分为:宫缩乏力、软产道损伤、胎盘滞留、凝血功能障碍等[2].产后大出血来势凶猛,根据不同病因采取相应措施,对症处理.当通过保守治疗无效时,应快速果断行子宫切除,是抢救成功的关键,以挽救产妇的生命.

目的评价超声雾化吸入法治疗小儿呼吸道感染的效果。方法雾化治疗组1 960例,其中哮喘470例,咽炎、扁桃体炎570例,支气管炎920例,除常规治疗外,加用庆大霉素4万U,糜蛋白酶4 000 U、0.9%NaCl 15 ml混合溶液进行超声雾化吸入治疗。非雾化治疗组仅适用常规抗感染和对症治疗。用卡方检验分析两组治疗效果的差异。结果雾化治疗组显效率为93.9%,非雾化治疗组显效率为61.5%,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论应用超声雾化吸入治疗小儿呼吸道感染可以促进呼吸道炎症好转,稀释痰液,促进分泌物排出,缩短病程。

目的:探讨内美通及诺雷德用于中重度盆腔子宫内膜异位症腹腔镜术后辅助治疗的疗效及安全性.方法:对152例Ⅲ期～Ⅳ期子宫内膜异位症在腹腔镜术后随机分为应用内美通组、诺雷德组及未用药组,比较三组患者术后复发率、妊娠率及不良反应的发生率.结果:本组患者术后均病理诊断证实为子宫内膜异位症.至随访时,内美通、诺雷德组复发率分别为12.00%、12.90%,低于未用药组的30.00%(P＜0.05).内美通、诺雷德组妊娠率分别为28.57%、44.19%,未用药组17.86%,诺雷德组术后妊娠率较未用药组高.结论:内美通、诺雷德用于中重度盆腔子宫内膜异位症腹腔镜术后的治疗均能显著降低内膜异位症复发率,术后使用诺雷德妊娠率较高.

目的探讨介入超声技术抽取羊水产前诊断患者的心理影响及相关需求。方法自制问卷调查表,对600例羊膜腔穿刺术患者进行问卷调查。问卷内容包括一般情况、知识的了解和要求、情绪和心理变化特征及对医护人员的要求等5个方面。结果患者对有关超声介入羊膜腔穿刺术的知识了解很少,希望详尽了解穿刺术有关方面的知识。心理焦虑较严重,随文化程度升高而上升。对护士的术前沟通交流、术中照顾、术后情绪安抚要求高。结论羊膜腔穿刺术患者具有特殊的心理特征,实施相应的心理护理对策,可减少患者因穿刺术造成的心理压力,是穿刺术顺利进行的重要保证。

目的了解本地区婴幼儿母亲对科学喂养知识的掌握情况,为制定健康教育措施提供依据。方法调查对象为本地区首次进行儿童保健体检和预防注射的婴幼儿的母亲,采用自制调查问卷,包含11个喂养问题,要求当场即时做答。结果共115人参与本次调查,有效答卷113份。年龄21～36岁(中位数=28岁),婴儿年龄1～18个月(中位数=1.5个月),32.7%认为配方奶粉是最适合婴儿生长发育,35.4%认为可于1岁以后添加辅食,69%未参加过科学喂养知识培训。结论本地区居民对婴幼儿科学喂养知识了解不足,需要及时开展母乳喂养和辅食添加知识培训。