目的 探讨耐亚胺培南的鲍曼不动杆菌的耐药性与外排泵基因adeB的关系,为临床合理使用抗生素提供依据,防止和抑制鲍曼不动杆菌耐药菌株的增加.方法 收集本院2017年1月-12月临床分离的非重复鲍曼不动杆菌122株,其中亚胺培南耐药鲍曼不动杆菌(IRAB) 96株,亚胺培南敏感鲍曼不动杆菌(ISAB) 26株.采用微量肉汤稀释法进行药物敏感性分析试验;应用PCR及序列分析的方法分析外排泵基因adeB.结果 IRAB对大多数抗生素最小抑制浓度(MIC)值均较高,但对替加环素仍保持较高的敏感性,而ISAB对多数抗生素均较敏感.PCR扩增结果显示IRAB的adeB检出率为96.8％.adeB基因与GenBank注册号CP026943.1基因相似性为99％.结论 本院分离到的鲍曼不动杆菌对亚胺培南有较高的耐药性,与adeB基因关系密切.
鲍曼不动杆菌(AB)为革兰阴性条件致病菌.为了解我院AB的分布和耐药情况,探索其可能的耐药机制,本研究回顾性分析2016—2017年本院临床分离的AB其标本来源、科室分布及耐药情况,现报告如下.
目的 探讨临床分离的鲍氏不动杆菌对碳青霉烯类抗菌药物的耐药机制,为医院感染控制、临床合理用药提供依据.方法 收集山西医学科学院(山西大医院)临床分离的鲍氏不动杆菌株共84株,其中亚胺培南耐药鲍氏不动杆菌(IRAB)63株,亚胺培南敏感鲍氏不动杆菌(ISAB)21株.用K-B纸片法检测以上细菌对常用抗菌药物的敏感性.PCR法分析10种β-内酰胺酶基因和carO、oprD膜孔道蛋白基因,adeB外排泵基因,并对扩增阳性的基因进行测序,同时应用DNASTAR软件对耐药和敏感菌株的carO、oprD序列进行对比分析.结果 63株亚胺培南耐药鲍氏不动杆菌对替加环素较敏感,对头孢哌酮/舒巴坦(28.6％)和米诺环素(30.2％)耐药率较低外,对其他抗菌药物耐药率均较高,而21株亚胺培南敏感鲍氏不动杆菌对多数抗菌药物较敏感;IRAB与ISAB检出TEM、OXA-23、adeB基因阳性率比较,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),而ADC阳性率差异无统计学意义;84株细菌中carO、oprD和OXA-51均为阳性.亚胺培南耐药株carO编码基因序列与亚胺培南敏感株相比存在有意义突变.结论 本研究中耐碳青霉烯类鲍氏不动杆菌耐药机制主要与β-内酰胺酶、adeB外排泵、carO孔道蛋白突变有关.
With increasing use of carbapenem antibiotics , carbapenems-resistant gram-negative bacteria are spreading, and carbapenemase-producing is the main mechanism of carbapenems resistance . Rapid and accurate identification of carbapenemase and its type is of great importance to timely and effective treatment and control of infections .Chromogenic /Fluorogenic culture media, modified Hodge test and double disk synergy test are traditional methods for carbapenemase detection , but all are time-consuming. Biochemical method is more time efficient and with high sensitivity and specificity , but cannot be used to identify subtypes.Now matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization -time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) has been successfully applied in the identification of species , subtypes and detection of drug -resistant genes.And among various carbapenemase gene detection techniques , next generation sequencing (NGS) can also be used for the detection of integrons , transposons and plasmids, which is important in both epidemiology and resistant mechanism studies .This article reviews the advantages and disadvantages of various methods for phenotype and gene detection of carbapenemase .
