以嵌锂过渡金属氧化物（锂盐）和双电层储能材料活性炭（AC）为电极活性物质,制备LiMn 2 O 4 -AC||AC、LiFePO 4 -AC||AC、LiMn 2 O 4 -AC|Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 -AC、LiFePO 4 -AC||Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 -AC电池-电容器。通过恒电流充放电、循环伏安以及交流阻抗等对其电化学性能进行研究。结果显示:电池-电容器在低工作电压段,电荷主要以双电层储能形式存储于活性炭电极;在高工作电压段电荷主要以锂离子插嵌-脱嵌形式存储于嵌锂过渡金属氧化物。锂盐和AC结合可以有效提高电池-电容器的工作电压、能量密度,同时又具有较好的功率特性。其中LiFePO 4 -AC|Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 -AC具有较好的综合电化学性能,当电压为3.2 V时,能量密度为124.6 Wh·kg –1 ,功率密度为461.7 W·kg –1 ,内阻为2.2?,充放电效率为93.1%。

The stability of quasi-reference electrode based on inert metal, oxidation-reduction system, and porous carbon materials was investigated by using Fc/Fc+ as an internal standard in organic electrolyte. The results show the reference electrode of inert metal is not able to establish a stable charge-balancing process, so its stability of reference potential is poor; the charge-balance of oxidation-reduction system is able to maintain within a short time, however the charge-balance is destroyed for long testing time, which leads to the deterioration of stability of reference potential; activated carbon has a good stability of the reference potential due to its large number of electric double layer which is able to establish an a stable charge balance system.