食管裂孔疝是常见病，会引起反酸烧心、反流性食管炎，甚至恶性呕吐、贫血及营养不良等并发症。腹腔镜食管裂孔疝修补术是治疗食管裂孔疝的有效方法。为了降低食管裂孔疝手术的复发率，通常采用补片来加强膈肌角和食管裂孔，但是，合成补片可能会造成炎症反应，导致术后食管狭窄，甚至侵蚀等严重并发症。本文报道1例合成补片修补食管裂孔疝术后的狭窄侵蚀病例，及其临床表现和治疗过程。

Objective:To explore the effect of protein kinase B (AKT) inhibitor SC66 on the proliferation of pancreatic cancer cells and related molecular mechanisms.Methods:The expression difference of AKT in pancreatic cancer and normal pancreatic tissues was analyzed by bioinformatics. The AKT-silencing cell line was constructed, and CCK8, Western blot and qPCR experiments were performed to detect the effect of AKT inhibitor SC66 on the proliferation of pancreatic cancer cells and the regulation and influence of related cell signal transduction pathways.Results:The expression of AKT in pancreatic cancer tissues was significantly increased. It promoted the proliferation of pancreatic cancer cells by regulating mTOR-related cell signaling pathways. SC66 inhibited the proliferation of pancreatic cancer cells by down-regulating AKT.Conclusion:SC66 can effectively inhibit the proliferation of pancreatic cancer cells and provide a new strategy for the treatment of pancreatic cancer.

The human epidermal growth factor receptor family (HER family)belongs to the transmembrane protein receptor family of tyrosine kinase Ⅰ subfamilies,including 4 family members,HER1 (EGFR/ErbB1 ),HER2 (ErbB2),HER3 (ErbB3)and HER4 (ErbB4),encoded by the erb gene,playing an important regulatory role in the cell growth,proliferation and apoptosis.Meanwhile,as a proto-oncogene family,the HER family is abnormally activa-ted and over-expressed in many human tumors,which is a key factor in the occurrence and development of these tumors,and is closely related to the clinicopathological features of various tumors and the poor prognosis of cancer pa-tients.The HER family has been one of the hotspots in basic experimental research and clinical diagnosis and treat-ment in the field of oncology,and has achieved good clinical efficacy with its comprehensive anti-tumor treatment program.In this paper,we review the literature on the HER family and its relationship with tumors,and summarize the characteristics of human epidermal growth factor receptor family and its latest research progress in tumorigenesis,bio-targeting diagnosis and treatment.It is believed that with the continuous enrichment of the clinical research results of the HER family and the rapid development of molecular biology technology,it can provide new ideas and help for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of tumors.

Objective To Summarize the clinical features of retroperitoneal ganglioneuroma.Methods A total of 18 cases of pathologically confirmed retroperitoneal ganglioneuroma,who received surgery in The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University from May 2013 to July 2016,were collected to reviewe the clinical features,imaging findings,pathologic characteristics,treatments,and prognosis of retroperitoneal ganglioneuroma.Results ① Clinical symptoms.Of the 18 cases,8 cases were found by physical examination,and had no symptoms;6 cases showed abdominal pain and discomfort;3 cases had hypertension;1 case had bulge and discomfort in the lower abdomen.② Imaging performance.All of the 18 cases underwent color Doppler ultrasonography,16 cases showed clear hypoechoic mass,and hypoechoic masses showed irregular shape in 2 cases;homogeneous echo in 12 cases and inhomogeneous echo in 6 cases could be seen.Seventeen cases underwent CT scan,and homogeneous low density in 14 cases,uneven density in 3 cases,scattered calcification in 3 cases could be seen.Fifteen cases underwent CT dynamic contrast-enhanced scan,2 cases showed no significant enhancement both in dynamic and venous phase,8 cases showed no significant enhancement in arterial phase,11 cases showed heterogeneous enhancement in venous phase.Three cases underwent MRI scan,T1WI images of 3 cases showed uniform low signal;T2WI images showed high signal in 1 case,T2WI images showed high signal with moderate intensity in 2 cases.③ Surgery and prognosis.Fifteen cases underwent laparoscopic retroperitoneal tumor resection,3 cases underwent open surgery,and all the tumors were completely resected.All cases had good postoperative recovery and no significant complication occurred.All cases were followed up for 6 to 32 months with a median of 20 months,no recurrence or distant metastasis was found during follow-up period.Conclusions Retroperitoneal ganglioneuroma has nonspecific clinical manifestation.Imaging examinations are the most effective adjuvant ways preoperatively,but patholoy is still the gold standard of final diagnosis for ganglioneuroma.Radical tumor resection is the most effective therapy with satisfactory prognosis for ganglioneuroma.