随着生产体制和耕作制度的变化,单季稻面积随之扩大.水稻依赖高密、高肥实现高产,形成了有利于稻飞虱发生的田间环境.温度是影响安庆市稻飞虱发生的主要因素.在水稻生长前期保护利用天敌;在水稻生长中后期选用高效药剂锐劲特、毒死蜱、综合防治稻螟虫、稻纵卷叶螟和稻飞虱,防治效果较好.

[Objective] The objective of the study was to establish the control model of major pests in single cropping medium rice so as to achieve the optimum economic benefit.[Method]Through the comparative experiment on different control modes,the control effects of single and compound pesticides on the major pests(Cnaphalocrocis medinalis,Chilo suppressalis,Planthopper species) in single cropping medium rice were analyzed and optimum control model according to the principles of saving cost and increasing revenue was evaluated.[Result] The comparative experiment on 2 control modes showed that the control model of using 5% Regent at 750 ml/hm2 at rice tiller stage,40% Chlorpyrifos at 1 200 ml/hm2 and 25% Buprofezin at 1 200 g/hm2 at rice booting stage could control the major pests at all the rice stages in single cropping medium rice.Compared with traditional controls,the control mode could increase the economic efficiency at more than 1 000 RMB and save 176 RMB cost per acre and also lessen the pollution of pesticides on environment and protect the ecological balance.[Conclusion] The control model,which could achieve the optimum economic benefit and have best control effects,was effective to the major pests in single cropping medium rice.

[Objective] The study aimed to explore the effective and safe using techniques for new high efficient herbicides.[Method] The effect experiment of many kinds of herbicides on controlling weed in rice field along the Yangtze River region was conducted.[Result] 32% mefenacet·Bensulfurou-mthyl acetochlor WP was the complex agent of mefenacet,bensulfuron-methyl and acetochlor.It was safer than acetochlor,cheaper than 53% mefenacef bensulfuron methyl and was a broad spectrum herbicide with long effect time,convenient application and safe to rice.[Conclusion] After the rice transplanting,the control effects of broadcasting 32% mefenacet·Bensulfurou-mthyl acetochlor WP 750～900 ?g/hm2 mixed with toxic soil or urea on the main weeds of Barnyard grass,Leptochloa chinensis,Ammamiamultiflora and Rice galingale were steady over 85%,with safety to rice.

The resistance of the rice stem borer(Chilo suppressalis Walker)against conventional pesticides in Cangnan County,Zhejiang Province was monitored continuously from 2002 to 2004.The results indicated that the resistance to triazophos,methomyl and abamectin increased fast,of which the resistance to triazophos had reached a very high level(RR:2 367.3).The resistance to isocarbophos and methamidophos increased little and that to fipronil decreased.The rice stem borer collected from this area was continuously selected with triazophos in laboratory.After selection for fourteen generations,the resistance to triazophos increased from 203.3 to 3 272.6 times.The realized heritability(h~2)of resistance was estimated as 0.310 5,indicating a high risk for rice stem borer to develop resistance to triazophos.Analysis of population growth tendency index revealed that resistant borers had less fitness.When the borers were selected to super high resistant(RR:1 532.7),stopping selection made the resistance decrease quickly to 327.1 in the following 5 generations and tend to be stable.Then re-selection made the resistance increase again.So,it is suggested that management of triazophos resistance should be carried out at the early stage of resistance development.

对安庆地区2000和2001年2种飞虱的抗药性监测,结果表明:2种飞虱抗药性年度间变化不大.褐飞虱和白背飞虱对甲胺磷和醚菊酯都比较敏感,而且白背飞虱对杀螟松的抗性也很低;2种飞虱对吡虫啉的抗性都接近中等水平,对其他药剂的抗性都达到了中等水平.

通过对怀宁、潜山、太湖、宿松、望江、枞阳、岳西、桐城8县及安庆市郊田间调查结果研究表明:两优培九在安庆市作一季中稻栽培病虫害发生种类多、数量大;危害较重的主要是水稻二代螟、三代螟、稻纵卷叶螟、稻飞虱、水稻纹枯病、稻曲病、小球菌核病.综合防治措施上,以搞好健身栽培为基础,同时,及时采用安全、高效农药进行化学防治.