目的 了解首都医科大学附属北京胸科医院吡嗪酰胺相关药物不良反应(ADR)情况.方法 对首都医科大学附属北京胸科医院2012年1月-2018年12月收集的268例吡嗪酰胺ADR报告,从患者一般情况、食物/药物过敏史、药物用法用量、不良反应的临床表现、发生时间、严重程度、处理方式、因果关系评价和临床转归进行回顾性分析.结果 268例吡嗪酰胺ADR报告中,男女性别比例为2.44∶1,21～30岁年龄段构成比最高,为32.5％;既往有食物/药物过敏史者52例,占19.4％;累及内分泌代谢系统185例,占69.0％;不良反应均为一般不良反应,发生平均时间为(7.6±4.3)d,处理方式为加强监测、对症治疗、减量或停药.结论 吡嗪酰胺相关不良反应的类型复杂多样,临床使用中应在预防、评价、监测、处置等环节予以重视提高,以达到安全、有效的用药目的.

目的 评价4种抗生素(哌拉西林钠/舒巴坦钠、头孢唑肟、头孢呋辛和头孢西丁)治疗胸外科术后感染的成本-效果.方法 采用回顾性分析,对160例分别采用哌拉西林钠/舒巴坦钠、头孢唑肟、头孢呋辛和头孢西丁治疗胸外科术后感染的效果进行最小成本分析.结果 哌拉西林钠/舒巴坦钠组、头孢唑肟组、头孢呋辛组和头孢西丁组的成本分别为(1896.7±611.4)元、(2573.1±866.6)元、(1022.4±293.4)元、(1563.8±487.6)元(P<0.05),有显著性差异;有效率分别为82.5%、80.0%、87.5%和80.0%(P>0.05),无显著性差异.结论 头孢呋辛治疗胸外科术后感染有明显的药物经济学优势.

Objective To investigate the efficacy of gemcitabine plus cisplatin (GP) and paclitaxel plus cisplatin (TP) in the treatment of advanced lung squamous cell carcinoma. Method 91 cases of advanced lung squamous cell carcino-ma were enrolled in this study, in which 47 patients were given GP regimen (GP group), and 44 patients were adminis-tered with TP regimen (TP group), and the clinical efficacy and adverse reactions of the two groups were compared. Re-sult After two cycles of treatment, the short-term response rate of GP group was 40.43%, which was significantly higher than that of TP group at 20.45%(P<0.05);the disease control rate was statistically similar between GP group at 85.11%and TP group at 77.27% (P>0.05); as for survival in GP the TP group, the median survival time were 9 months and 8 months, the 1 year survival rates were 28.00%and 24.00%, the 2 year survival rates were 12.50%and 12.00%, all were similar between the two groups (P>0.05);the CEA, CA125 and CA50 levels were comparable in both groups before the first and third chemotherapy (P>0.05), while those measures before third chemotherapy were decreased as compared with that before first chemotherapy (P<0.05);the major adverse reactions were myelosuppression, liver and kidney dysfunc-tion, and alopecia, etc, and the recent adverse reactions were similar in severity, except the severity of alopecia which was significantly higher in TP group (P<0.01). Conclusion GP and TP regimen were both effective in the treatment of ad-vanced lung squamous cell carcinoma, with similar yet tolerable adverse reactions.

[ABSTRACT]Objective: To evaluate the cost and the effect of treatment of thoracicsurgery postoperative infection using three kinds of antibiotics (cefuroxime, cefmetazole, and latamoxef). Methods: Retrospective analyze 103 cases, analyze the minimization cost of the effect of treatment of thoracicsurgery postoperative infection using cefuroxime, cefmetazole, and latamoxef. Results:The cost of cefuroxime group, cefmetazole group, and latamoxef group are(1022.4±293).4 yuan, (1584.2±625.3) yuan, and (4780.3± 1504.8) yuan(P<0.05) respectively, with significant difference;the effective rates are 88.6%, 79.4%, and 88.2%(P>0.05) respectively, with no significant difference. Conclusion: Cefuroxime has significant pharmacoeconomic advantage in treatment of thoracicsurgery postoperative infection.