目的:以单板U型滑雪项目为例,探索运动训练对运动员视觉空间方位知觉影响的认知加工特点,了解运动员与普通人群在视觉空间方位知觉反应抑制的ERPs成分特征上的差异,确定同类项目运动员视觉空间方位知觉反应抑制能力的指向性指标,为科学训练、选材和评估提供依据.方法:选取国家单板U型滑雪运动员8人(运动组)和普通大学生8人(对照组)为研究对象.采用Go-Nogo实验范式诱发受试者视觉空间方位知觉反应的ERPs.结果:1)运动组被试Go刺激的反应时显著低于对照组.2)无论是水平方位还是垂直方位,140 ～ 220 ms出现的早期成分N2在Go条件下比Nogo条件下诱发的波幅更大,且垂直方位的顶区电极波幅明显大于其他区域.垂直方位额脑区Fz潜伏期比中央脑区电极Cz、Cpz更短.3)300～420 ms出现的晚期成分P3,水平方位的中央脑区比前额区、顶区波幅更明显,运动组的额区、中央脑区比对照组波幅大.顶区Nogo-P3波幅明显小于Go-P3,垂直方位中央脑区波幅大于其他脑区,运动组的Nogo-P3波幅显著大于对照组,顶区Nogo-P3小于Go-P3波幅.水平方位的脑顶区Nogo-P3潜伏期长.结论:单板U型滑雪项目运动员在Go/Nogo任务下执行动作时的反应时比普通人更短,运动员对冲突的反应抑制加工能力比普通人强,Nogo-P3的成分特征可以作为测量单板U型滑雪运动员视觉空间方位知觉反应抑制能力的良好指标.
In the background of political, economic, cultural system reform of our country gradually, the existing sports system can not adapt to the situation and the social development, reform is imminent. By means of literature and logical analysis, this paper starts with the contemporary Chinese sports system problems, and then analyzed the resistance and power sports system reform. It ad?vised to deepen the reform of sports system, the innovation of management system and theory system;further improve the"combination of sport and education", promote mass sports, school sports coordinated development to the high level competitive sports;rational allo?cation of resources, and promote the development of sports industry and so on, in order to speed up the development process of China's transition from a big sports country to a sports power.
南非的种族隔阂与黑人体育权利的缺失是曼德拉救国体育思想形成的缘起;顽强的个性品质与对体育精神力量的追求是曼德拉救国体育思想发展的动力.曼德拉救国体育思想主要体现在崇尚民主、自由与平等的体育治国观;促进国家崛起的体育兴国观;发展体育公益,扶弱救贫的体育人文观;完善体育立法,保障公民合法权利的体育尚法观;促进民族融合,崇尚国家和平与团结的体育强国观5个方面.曼德拉救国体育思想具有参考价值.
The interactive teaching theory regards teaching as the process of positive interaction and coordinated development between teachers and students,it really reflects the new teaching ideas of student oriented.It has a practical significance for the promotion of university sports teaching effect.The interactive application of communicative teaching theory to sports specific teaching process,whether in the organization way of improvement,or in teaching methods optimization aspects,needs for educators to make positive response.
The implementation of integrating P.E.teaching with students'occupation health can promote physical and mental health of college students,their quality and cultivate college students’firm will.Meanwhile,it also makes students develop the habit of lifelong participation in physical exercise and good occupation health consciousness,laying a good foundation for the occupation health status of college students after they enter into society.
公民是公共体育服务政策实施的最大受益者，这一政策的实施体现在我们生活的方方面面。政府为贯彻落实公共体育服务政策，无论是在直接财务投入还是间接的调控上都做采取了积极的支持手段，运用消费者剩余和生产者剩余，形成了一定的经济福利。本文通过对公共体育服务政策内涵的介绍，明确该政策的理念与实施价值，分别对公共体育服务的财政支出政策与最高限价政策做出了分析，面对我国现如今仍然存在的公共体育服务投资上、分布上、普及上以及结构上的问题做出归纳，并提出相应的解决策略。
