米兰科维奇旋回是是研究细粒沉积物旋回性变化的一种重要理论和方法.以东营凹陷沙四上纯上次亚段深湖相细粒沉积岩为研究对象,通过对自然伽马测井数据的小波和频谱分析,对LY1井目标层段的深水细粒沉积岩进行米兰科维奇旋回划分,将划分结果与对应的岩石地球化学元素指标和矿物成分指标进行对比,分析受控于米兰科维奇旋回的沉积响应特征.结果表明:沙四上纯上次亚段可识别出2.5个IV级旋回,10个V级旋回,28个VI级旋回;东营凹陷细粒沉积岩在古气候、古氧相、古水深、古物源,古盐度等方面的演化阶段性明显,可划分为2个沉积环境演化阶段.长偏心率周期可分为暖湿气候半周期和干冷气候半周期:暖湿气候半周期内,地表径流较多,陆源输入多,有机质含量高,对应的岩性组合以富有机质为主要特征,常见层状、纹层状沉积构造;干冷气候半周期内,地表径流和陆源输入较少,岩性组合以贫有机质为特点,沉积构造以块状构造和层状构造为主.沙四上纯上次亚段沉积环境与天文旋回之间对应较好,长偏心率周期对湖相细粒沉积演化具有重要的控制作用.

埕岛东斜坡埕北斜394井产出无色凝析油,对于其来源及成因机制尚不明确.基于轻烃组成、生物标志物、碳同位素和金刚烷等特征分析,明确埕北斜394井凝析油气来源,探讨其形成机制.结果表明,埕北斜394井无色凝析油与淡黄色凝析油具有相似性与关联性,无色凝析油属于渤中坳陷沙三段烃源岩在高成熟演化阶段的产物,淡黄色凝析油为无色凝析油在产出过程中混有少量本层东营组烃源岩产出的成熟原油所致.天然气为与凝析油同源的伴生气,成熟度比凝析油略高,总体上具有"早油晚气"的充注特征.轻烃指标证实凝析油的蒸发分馏作用不明显,成熟热演化作用与运移分馏作用是凝析油气藏形成的主要机制.

随着深层勘探工作推进,济阳坳陷古近系深层发现了以凝析油气为主的轻质原油油藏,展示了深层巨大的勘探潜力.通过对轻质原油油藏油气来源、储集空间、成藏过程解剖,明确了济阳坳陷轻质原油油藏勘探潜力.研究结果表明,济阳坳陷轻质原油油藏具有低密度、低黏度、低凝固点、高气油比的特征,原油呈黄色—无色,油藏一般呈埋深大、地层压力大、单井产能高的特点.综合分析证实轻质原油主要来自于深部沙河街组四段下亚段—孔店组高成熟烃源岩,具有较雄厚的资源基础;深层酸碱共控有效储层发育模式突破了深层高地温背景下有效孔隙欠发育的认识,证实4000m以下依然发育优质储层,提升了深层勘探价值;通过对轻质原油油藏成藏过程进行解剖,提出了深层自源型、他源型两种成藏模式,指明了轻质原油油藏的勘探方向.综合研究落实了陡坡带砂砾岩体、缓坡带深层红层储集体、斜坡带低位潜山、洼陷带高演化页岩油等轻质原油油藏勘探方向,为济阳坳陷向深层勘探提供了科学依据.

以济阳坳陷内典型凹陷陡坡带古近系富有机质页岩为研究对象,在岩心精细观察描述的基础上,通过岩石薄片观察、X射线衍射分析、扫描电镜分析、高压压汞测试以及地化分析等,结合勘探实践,开展陆相断陷盆地陡坡带富有机质页岩基本特征研究,探讨勘探前景,认为陡坡带页岩层系储油和产油条件比盆地中心基质型页岩更为优越;加强陡坡带页岩油认识和勘探力度、刻画砂岩夹层的发育分布将是当今条件下济阳坳陷页岩油获得高产最为现实的途径.研究结果表明:济阳坳陷陡坡带页岩发育厚度2～30 cm的砂岩夹层,(纹)层状灰质泥岩和砂岩夹层是最发育的岩相组合类型;砂岩夹层广泛发育粒间孔和溶蚀孔隙,孔径范围大,宏孔占比高,灰质胶结现象普遍,渗透率远大于页岩基质部分;页岩基质S1为0.5～6.5 mg/g;热演化程度R.适中,多数集中在0.5％～1.0％,整体均处于主生油窗内;相同演化程度下,陡坡页岩油的气油比较高、原油密度较低,可动性强;脆性矿物质量分数平均超过70％,从后期压裂改造角度,陡坡带页岩岩相组合破裂压力低、具有更强的可压性.总体上,与盆地中心基质型页岩相比,陡坡带页岩层系储油和产油条件更为优越.

通过东营凹陷沙二上亚段沉积背景、沉积构造特征分析,提出断陷萎缩期浅水三角洲发育的认识,扩大研究区勘探空间.沙二上亚段处于喜山运动断陷萎缩期,断裂活动强度减弱,断层剖面形态演化为坡坪式,基底变平缓,古地形坡度减小(0.52°～1.29°)、古水体浅且动荡,古气候为炎热干旱环境,物源供应充足,有利于浅水三角洲发育.沙二上亚段岩心相可见楔状交错层理、板状交错层理,粒度概率曲线表现为两段式、三段式,跳跃次总体斜率高(62°),悬浮次总体发育局限(20％),地震相上表现为叠瓦状前积特征,说明为强水动力、近源浅水的浅水三角洲沉积.浅水三角洲发育连通性差、分割性强的"枝状"砂体,与断层匹配可以形成大规模发育的构造岩性圈闭,该认识进一步扩大沙二上亚段的资源潜力,研究成果指导陈官庄地区沙二上亚段勘探实践,使得该区由单点含油扩展为含油连片.

济阳坳陷东营凹陷南部斜坡带古近系发育多期低序级不整合,是形成地层圈闭(油藏)的有利区带.由于低序级不整合经历的地质时间短,不整合面上、下地层的产状和岩石学特征差异小,常规测井和地震响应差别不明显,难以识别和描述不整合面和上、下地层尖灭线,影响了地层油藏的勘探评价.为此,提出了基于有序数列最优分割的测井综合分层曲线法,与高分辨率地震时频分析相结合,形成低序级不整合面识别的有效技术;研发了地震“DNA”检测方法,将地震数据转换为字符表达式,创建地层模式“基因”,在字符域中自动搜索,实现地层尖灭线的精细描述.该方法应用于东营凹陷南部斜坡带的地层圈闭评价,取得了很好的效果.

The weathering process,reservoir space and physical properties of the clastic reservoir in stratigraphic trap are studied by the core observation,composition test,physical property statistics and other analysis of the sam-ples from more than 230 wells in Jiyang Depression. Research indicates that the clastic rock weathering mainly in-volves in the corrosion and alteration of feldspar,calcite and other minerals. The mineral volume variation before and after weathering creates a large amount of secondary pores and fractures,which are considered as the predomi-nant reservoir space for the weathering clastic reservoir.Comparing with the original parent-rock properties,the res-ervoir porosity can be maximally increased by 20% and the reservoir permeability can be maximally increased by 100×10-3μm2by weathering. The enhancement of physical properties mainly dependent on lithology,burial depth, unconformity scale and many other factors. The surface weathering is a key factor for the reservoir oiliness. This re-search has been successfully applied to the exploration deployment of Gaoqing Oilfield and other stratigraphic reser-voirs,which could enhance the corresponding reserve and production in this area.

The study of Source-to-Sink system is a hot topic in geology research.During the sedimentary period of the second member of the Shahejie Formation (Es2),the structural stable south slope belt in the Dongying sag and its source area Guangrao uplift constituted a complete Source-to-Sink system.In this study,we analyze the paleogeomorphy,the characteristics of sediment transfer pathways and the braided shallow-water delta depositional system based on cores,logging,analytical experiment data and 3D seismic data.This paper presents in detail the sedimentary system distribution,the spatial and temporal relationship,the dominant factor of sedimentary process and sediment-dispersal patterns of the Source-to-Sink system in study area by the seismic attribute and lithology analysis.The results show there are three (i-iii) catchments,four (V1-V4) paleo-valleys from west to east in the source area.The clastic sediments supply to the deposition area,which is shore-shallow lake deposit environment gentle slope (0.52°-1.29°),by the transportation of paleo-valley.This process contributes to a moderate sorted,well rounding pebbly sandstone braided shallow-water delta system that river channel diverges frequently in the plane,several positive rhythm sediments overlay vertically.The sedimentary bodies increase from lower Es2 to upper Es2.The vertical evolution of the sedimentary system is mainly controlled by the lake-level fluctuation resulted from the paleoclimatic change.In the plane,the form and scale of the lobes body in Ⅰ-Ⅲ sedimentary area are controlled by the geomorphology vertical elevation difference of the source area,the area of the catchments,the form and scale of the pathways.It shows a positive correlation among the area of the lobes body,the vertical elevation difference and the area of the catchment.

尾管悬挂器坐挂成功与否直接决定尾管固井工艺的成败。本文通过工具结构原理分析，建立尾管悬挂器坐挂失败的故障树，用于识别尾管悬挂器坐挂失败的诱因。同时结合A油田B井尾管器坐挂失败案例，利用故障树分析其诱发坐挂失败的原因，并提出改进措施。该模型的建立对尾管悬挂作业可起指导作用。

In order to analyze the wear rate and reliability of cementing sliding sleeve after high dis-charge ,high sand-fluid ratio and long-term erosion of solid-liquid flow ,downhole tools’ erosion and wear were researched based on the erosion theory and numerical simulation .The effects of the number of ports , sand concentration and displacement on the wear rate were analyzed .New test equipment was designed and built to test the erosion wear of port collar of cementing sliding sleeve under certain working conditions .A new model of erosion rate was established and more research was conducted about the flow capacity of port collar of cementing sliding sleeve and its effect on the rate of erosion wear .By combining numerical analysis and test data ,the erosion coefficient of cementing sliding sleeve made by type A material was obtained .Re-sults showed that the hole erosion was more severe when the cementing sliding sleeve contains two holes . The erosion rate had a linear relationship with sand concentration and an exponential relationship with fluid displacement .T his research provided theoretical basis and foundation for cementing sliding sleeve reliability evaluation and guide for sliding sleeve application in oilfield .

Through the analysis of setting mechanism of traditional liner hanger,the main disadvantages of traditional liner hanger were summarized. The advantages of the inner-slip liner hanger were introduced,such as high bearing ability,big flow area and better protection of the slips. Combining the complex situation and difficulty during cementing,the field applications of the inner-slip liner hanger were introduced and analyzed, and the pressure change was contrasted under the same circulating rate before and after the liner hanger sets,and the predominance and dependability of the inner-slip liner hanger were verified. This kind of liner hangers have been applied in 35 wells and obtained better effects.

Aiming at the characteristics of low permeability sandstone reservoirs and the existing problems during water flooding,it is necessary to improving the recovery of low permeability sandstone reservoirs by using new ideas and new measures.It is important to change the traditional thinking and develop new oil production technologies,such as gas injection,microbial enhanced oil recovery,microwave oil production,ultrasonic oil production and so on,which shall provide guidance for effective development of low permeability reservoir in China.

The fouling in gathering system of oil field production liquid is a common problem.The analysis of corrosion mechanisms and causes of the oil field gathering system has concluded that the major contributors of corrosion fouling are the high minerality of underground water and high fouling ions,which are the main causes of formation of insoluble fouls.The implementation of a series of anti-fouling measures has effectively extended the service life of gathering system and improved the economic benefits of oil field operation.

The existing status of water injection system are the blocking of injection water wells,greater pump well pressure difference,un-uniform water absorption,low-efficiency of water injection pumps and low-efficiency of water ejection.The existing problems of water injection system are randomly scattered oil well,inappropriate water well distribution,different geological conditions,big difference in water injection in the same area,great pressure difference between injection water wells,equipment aging and low automatic control level of water injection system,etc.The water injection optimization and results are systematically analyzed in respect of water injection parameters,adaptability of injection water wells,construction process,pressure-based water injection process and pressure-limit water injection process etc.Several recommendations are proposed.

Fault tree analysis has been widely applied in safety assessment of operation of oil field combination stations.In a case study of a combination station in No.1 Oil Production Plant,the process flow and hazard factors of the combination station are studied and the top accident possibility of combination station is determined so as to implement the effective corresponding management measures in safety system management and planning.

In order to evaluate the transportation ability of unconformity,the unconformity structure is studied systemically by means of core observation and microscopic identification in this paper.The results show that the fractures and dissolved pore that developed in the weathered rock are the main oil-gas migration pathway.So the transportation ability of the unconformity is mainly controlled by the permeability of unconformity structures,thickness of unconformity structures,connectivity of unconformity structures and barrier bed,migration forces,oil density and oil viscosity.In view of the study above,the evaluation formula of transportation ability is established.According to this,the transportation ability of Tr unconformity in Taiping oilfield is evaluated.It is found out that the transportation ability of Tr unconformity is better,which may function as the main pathway for hydrocarbon migration, and it is in well accordance with the actual situation.

Taking the water injection system of low permeability oilfield as the study background,this paper analyzes the current situation and existing problems in water injection,brings forward the water injection process optimization with respect to regulating water injecting parameters and water injecting well network,applying techniques of profile control,water injecting with differential pressure process and water injecting with limiting pressure technigue.Thus the water injecting efficiency is raised significantly.

According to the problem of perforation in oil storage tanks,caused by the corrosive media such as water and sulfate-reducing bacteria,which accelerates tank corrosion,this paper analyses the causes and mechanisms of corrosion on tank bottom and inside and outside wall surface at the end of lap.Combined with the actual situation of crude oil storage tank of Zhangtianqu Oilfield Joint Station,the effective protection measures are taken on tank bottom,the inside and outside wall surface at the end of lap and cans at the end of the edge of plate,so that the corrosion rate of the storage tank is reduced and the maintenance cycle of the tank is extended.

With the continuous development of oilfields,the eccentric wear of tubing and sucker has become one of the important factors which constrains oilfield production.The eccentric wear formation of tubing and sucker was systematically analyzed and preventive measures were proposed,which have effectively extended the production cycle of pumping wells.

The characteristics of the pores and fissures developed in the paleo weathered crust are analyzed by means of summarizing the achievement of the formers' research,sorting data and observing thin section,and the petroleum geological significance of its structure is discussed.The result shows that the developed paleo weathered crust is quantizing structure,which includes weathered clay layer and semi-weathered rock;the middle pores and fissures of the sapropelic rock are intermediately developed,the upper and lower gradually decreases,and there is no development in big pore and fissures of weathered clay layer.According to the example analysis,it is summarized that the main factors affecting the development of pores in semi-weathered include lithology of weathered bedrock,weathering duration and intensity,the denuding thickness and the buried depth during the formation period of the weathered crust,and the filling characteristics of the pores and fissures.The compaction of lithology weathered clay layer could play a constructive role in keeping oil and gas;the pore connectivity in the middle part of the semi-weathered rock is excellent migration pathway and effective reservoir for oil and gas.