This study investigates the institutional co-evolution associated with digitalization processes in BRICS countries, emphasizing the development of hybrid regulatory frameworks that integrate state intervention, platform-based self-regulation, and entrepreneurial institutional agency. The primary objective is to analyze how these frameworks operate within heterogeneous governance environments and address the sustainability challenges arising in emerging digital economies. Grounded in the theory of institutional co-evolution, the research applies a mixed-methods design, combining bibliometric mapping, comparative policy analysis, and multiple linear regression on cross-national panel data from Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa (2018 - 2022). The findings demonstrate that increasing levels of digitalization and innovation are significantly correlated with reductions in environmental risks, while GDP growth remains positively associated with CO2 emissions; underscoring a structural tension between economic expansion and ecological resilience. To address this contradiction, the study proposes and empirically validates an Optimized Hybrid Model of institutional regulation, which improves sustainability indicators by 18.5%. The novelty of this research lies in the operationalization of institutional co-evolution within digital governance, offering a transferable policy model for flexible, adaptive regulation in complex, data-intensive economies. These results contribute to the advancement of institutional theory and provide actionable insights for the governance of transitional digital systems.

This study investigates the concept of techno-economic institutions within institutional economics, focusing on the integration of technologies into economic frameworks to foster development. The primary objective is to introduce and advocate for the novel concept of “techno-economic institutions,” which is essential for embedding technologies into the socio-economic environment. This research employs a comprehensive methodological approach, including theoretical analysis, literature review, comparative studies, and case studies, to develop a new analytical model and provide fresh insights. The key findings include a comparative analysis of the interplay between institutions and technologies, a variational model detailing the life cycles of General-Purpose Technologies (GPTs), and an in-depth examination of institutional roles. The econometric models developed in this study demonstrate the significant impact of ICT patents and SCM systems on government efficiency, empirically validating the proposed theoretical framework. This paper contributes to the academic discourse by offering a methodologically robust and empirically substantiated examination of technological advancements in institutional frameworks, highlighting the importance of flexible institutional structures capable of adapting to technological change. These insights provide actionable recommendations for policymakers and suggest strategic investments in technological infrastructure to enhance government performance. Future research should explore the generalizability of these findings in different institutional contexts and examine variability in technology-institution interactions across diverse geopolitical landscapes. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2024-08-05-022 Full Text: PDF

Economic security, both at the national and regional levels, should be ensured by high-quality institutions that allow reducing the uncertainty of the environment and have mechanisms for the specification and protection of property rights. To assess the quality of institutions at the macrolevel, today there are many indices making it possible to compile a rough picture of the effectiveness of the institutional environment and institutional agreements in Russia. To date, there are no generally accepted methods that allow measuring individual institutions, including in the context of these mechanisms. However, many studies are reduced to assessing the quality of institutions through proxy indicators, which can only reflect approximate trends in the development of economic systems and economic security. At regional level, an institutional assessment of economic security can be made through the prism of mechanisms for the specification and protection of property rights, which are the main institutional tool for reducing risks and threats to economic security, both in the region and at the macrolevel. This paper proposes using indicators of the quality of the judicial system as one of the possible indicators of the provision of protection mechanisms and the specification of property rights.

The paper is devoted to the development of tools for assessing the financial security of a region in order to form a strategy for the territorial development in the context of the interaction between the goals of sustainable socio-economic development and economic security. The paper considers the features of financial security assessment. The assessment was carried out by centralized and decentralized finance of a region. Taking into account the existing limitations of statistical observation at the level of municipalities, the composition of indicators and their threshold values used in assessing the financial security of a region was specified. The measurement was carried out in the context of six macro-districts according to three indicators: the average level of subsidization of local budgets of the macro-district; tax and non-tax revenues of local budgets per capita (coefficient of development of own revenues in local budgets); business efficiency ratio. An analysis of the dynamics and structure of subsidies for the period 2015 – 2020 shows that the main increase in subsidies falls on the Western and Southern macro-districts, the growth rate exceeds the average for the territory over the same period. There is a clear dynamics of development and improvement of the own revenues of local budgets of most macro-districts of the territory. There is a decrease in the business efficiency ratio in general in Krasnoyarsk Territory in 2020, due to the impact of the pandemic and lockdown.

Olga Gribanova (e-mail: erast707@gmail.com) Researcher Fellow at the Institute of Economics of the Russian Academy of Sciences (the RAS), Moscow, Russia THE TRANSFORMATION OF THE AUTHORIZED APPROACHES TO ASSESSING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF STATE AND MUNICIPAL PROPERTY MANAGEMENT IN MODERN RUSSIA The article presents the results of a study of changes in the methodological (government-approved) approaches to the problem of the efficiency of state and municipal property management in the course of Russian reforms. Four stages are identified from the beginning of the 1990s to the present, each of them being characterized primarily by its own distinctive conceptual ideas regarding privatization, the scale of the public sector, and state participation in the economy. These conceptual approaches are reflected in specific regulatory documents and in official statistical indicators, the development goals of which and the directions for their improvement have been analyzed by the authors of the article.

The problems of sustainable development are becoming currently more and more important. In this context, the determining factor for making effective management decisions by governing institutions depends on the choice of assessment methods, particular indicators for analyzing stability conditions, as well as ways of collecting trustworthy information and data-processing procedures. This paper is aimed at analyzing available approaches and tools for monitoring regional development, building internal methodological and methodic basis for assessment the sustainability of regions in order to solve socio-economic problems. Not only that, but consideration of institutional development of territories and the effects of trans-regional interaction and inter-disciplinarity should become the main conceptual and methodological prerequisite emblematic of the proposed approach. There is no consensus among modern scholars on the theoretical aspects of the assessment of sustainable development, as well as on the use of the information base, and on methodological issues of the monitoring procedure, especially in the context of the cluster approach. The paper analyses current methods for assessing the sustainable development of systems at various levels national and regional economies, territories, industries, enterprises, products. The determinants of institutional development at the regional level have been analyzed. For assessing and forecasting sustainable development, the authors suggest using a modified TOPSIS method that takes into account the multiplicative effects of implementing a cluster development model. At the same time, the main problem of using methods for assessing socio-economic and sustainable development, as well as institutional environment and its changes is the limitation of the available data. Use of digital technologies and big data is regarded as a solution to this problem.

At the present stage, one of the most important areas of the economic policy development agenda is the course towards sustainable development, which is aimed to integrate the solution for economic, environmental and social problems. The relevance of the research topic outlined in this article is due to the fact that in the current circumstances effective solutions to the existing problems in the social and economic sphere are required, which demands significant investments aimed at improving the quality and safety of the population's life. At the same time, the adoption of effective decisions should be based on the results of an objective assessment of the level of sustainable development of territories. The receipt of this assessment is impossible without the use of reliable and promptly obtained data. This study examines approaches to using Big data in managing socio-economic systems and suggests elements of a methodology for diagnosing sustainable development of territories in accordance with the principles and content of the paradigm of a sustainable economy. The authors proposed a methodology for assessing the sustainability of the regional economy, which allow to identify the "growth points" of the socio-economic development of the region. The authors also mark that it is necessary to use the scenario approach in combination with the concept of cluster development. In the proposed methodology, the formation of scenarios is carried out using the methodology of experiment planning, which allows the formation of numerous development scenarios with different combinations of variables. This can be realized on the basis of using the theory of Big data. The core of each experiment is to make a cluster. Based on the results of the calculation, it will be possible to draw a conclusion on the sustainability of the development of basic clusters of the region, their impact on the socio-economic development of the territory as a whole, and to form management decisions to support them.

Challenges and search for sustainable ways of territories’ development cause serious concern to authorities around the globe. The choice of methodological approaches for assessment and monitoring, indicators for sustainability criteria, as well as the ways of their processing are an important conceptual basis that provides effective facilitation of the administered territories development. The study is aimed at finding and analyzing the existing approaches and tools for territorial development monitoring, as well as elaboration of methodological and procedural framework for assessing the territories sustainability to solve social and economic problems. Herewith, in the authors’ opinion, the main conceptual and methodological prerequisite that distinguishes the proposed approach, should take into account the effects of interregional and intersectoral interaction or, in other words, the effects of cluster transfers. It has been revealed that there is still no consensus among the scientific works’ authors not only concerning theoretical aspects, but also on methodological issues of the monitoring procedure and tools for assessing the development sustainability, especially in the context of cluster approach. The analysis of the main methodological approaches to assessing the sustainable development of various levels systems (national and regional economies, territories, industries, enterprises and products) is given in the paper. Systematization of the approaches and tools used by scientists from different countries, as well as international organizations and institutions, has been carried out. Advantages, disadvantages and limitations for the practical application of the selected methodological approaches are indicated. The essence of the TOPSIS method as a tool for assessing the sustainability of the territories’ development, taking into account the multiplicative effects of interregional and intersectoral interaction is given. It has been shown that it is the cluster approach that acts as an effective tool for managing the sustainable development of territorial systems

Improving the population’s quality of life is one of the key tasks of our time for the social policy of the States. Ensuring a healthy lifestyle and promoting well-being for all at any age is one of the goals of sustainable development. The relevance of the research topic in this paper. The paper discusses the directions of the implementation of the state policy in the field of health care, in the provision of medical services, namely, in the prevention of non-communicable diseases; regulatory documents that establish the priority of the development of the medical service provision in the Russian Federation in the form of primary health care have been examined. Also, a review of regional regulatory documents on the evaluating the efficiency of the medical service provision, in particular in the provision of primary health care (based on the example of clinical examination for certain groups of the adult population (hereinafter referred to as the “Clinical examination”)), has been carried out. The authors propose an indicator for evaluating the efficiency of the medical service provision (for example, clinical examination), the basis for the calculation of which is Big Data— the results of the control and expert activities of insurance medical organizations based on the results of the medical service provision to insured citizens. Based on the calculation results, it will be possible to draw a conclusion about the economic efficiency of the clinical examination, its effect on the detection of diseases, and, as a result, on the socioeconomic development of the region as a

The results of studying the process of electrocoagulation processing of joint oil-emulsion and chromium-containing wastewaters, which are formed at metal-working enterprises, are presented. Objective: to optimize the process of electrochemical neutralization of a joint effluent stream containing emulsified oil products and hexavalent chromium ions, and to study the composition and structure of sludge. Data were obtained on the study of the properties and composition of the sludge formed during the electrical treatment of a joint effluent containing emulsified oil products and hexavalent chromium ions to develop a disposal technology using thermogravimetric and x-ray phase analyzes. The results of the research during the planning of the experiment made it possible to determine the optimal regimes by pH and contact time.