探究了抽油机合理的下冲程时间比,建立了多控制目标与自寻优相结合的抽油机井变速运行智能控制模型;应用功率峰值平衡度与功率均值平衡度,提出了判断抽油机井平衡度的新方法,解决了峰值电流法因反向发电而无法准确判断抽油机井平衡度的问题,实现了抽油机井平衡度的实时监测与调整;设计了前端控制与后台云端分析相结合的变速运行控制方案,弥补了抽油机变速运行智能控制技术井况适应区间狭窄,控制策略可变参数单一的局限性,拓展了井况适用范围,取得了良好的节电、增油效果.

介绍了化学清洗和预膜处理在炼油厂循环水系统的应用.在有机物剥离过程中,循环冷却水系统浊度由剥离前的15 NTU最高上升至42 NTU,说明附着在系统内壁上的有机物逐渐被剥离下来,在药剂的作用下溶解在循环冷却水系统中.化学清洗时,循环冷却水系统铁离子质量浓度由清洗前0.45 mg/L,最高上升至2.23 mg/L,后期稳定趋于2.00 mg/L,说明黏泥等杂质已经基本去除.预膜后的碳钢挂片用硫酸铜溶液做滴液实验,96 s后呈现深红色,变色时间大于10 s,表明金属表面成膜效果较好.预膜后,分阶段控制药剂浓度及水质参数,逐步稀释循环冷却水系统中药剂,减少了排污总量,有利于环保.

华北油田拥有抽油机井5000余口,目前的管理模式存在两方面的问题:一是对于已安装智慧油田组件的抽油机井,在数据远程传输通道中断的情况下,功图计量分析系统无法对抽油机井产量进行实时计量;二是对于无网络覆盖的边远抽油机井,目前无法实现远程数字化管控.为此,展开了基于智能终端设备的功图计量分析系统研究,旨在利用智能终端设备的便捷性和可移动性,有效解决以上两方面问题.考虑到智能终端设备硬件存储及运算能力的限制,创新性地提出采用地面功图载荷线法确定有效泵冲程的新思路,建立了一种基于地面功图的功图算产模型,该模型运算简单、精度较高,且易于编程实现,在现场具有较高的应用价值.在华北油田某工区随机选取了8口抽油机井,利用上述模型对其产量进行了计算,计算结果表明,计算产量与真实产量的平均相对误差为5.1%,小于10%的行业标准,满足工程应用要求.

With the rapid growth of market demand for natural gas, how to successfully develop the rich CBM reservoir in Ningwu basin becomes an important subject in unconventional gas reservoir development.It is one of the key factors to sci-entifically determine a suitable drilling fluid density window by combining with the crustal stress state, the parameters of formation pore pressure and formation strength, as well as angle of deviation and azimuth angle in order to realize effective and safe coal-bed methane industrialization development in Ningwu basin.The finite element model of No.9 coal seam in Ningwu basin is established by ANSYS software, the influence rule of hole enlargement ratio is analyzed in the conditions of different crustal stress directions and different well inclination, by which the optimized range of mud density is obtained to control coal seam collapse and reduce complex prescription, and the support for research on improvement of drilling effi-ciency and comprehensive benefit of CBM in NingWu basin is found.

长北气田采用裸眼完井方式,水平段钻进过程中钻井液跟储层的接触时间长,液相和固相侵入对储层的伤害严重.介绍了长北气田储层特征,模拟长北气田地层条件进行了钻井液储层伤害实验,分析其储层伤害因素,研究出一套适合长北气田水平段山2气层的保护储层钻井液,现场5口井的应用结果表明钻进过程中钻井液对储层的伤害很小,CB8-3井完井投产后获得超过230×104 m3/d的工业气流,创造单井产量最高记录.所研究的储层保护钻井液能很好地解决储层伤害问题.

对于加氢裂化装置开工过程来说,催化剂装填是很重要的一个环节,装填质量是后续开工平稳运行的重要保障。催化剂料面必须平整,催化剂均匀散开,避免任何局部堆积超过100mm。此外,还应特别注意反应器中热电偶套管和器壁周围催化剂分布,以保证均匀、良好的装填,以防止开工后产生沟流现象。

On the basis of laboratory experiment and field application on testing the oil displacement effect of wide molecule polymer,initially summarized are the characteristics of wide molecule polymer drive,mobilization feature of oil layer and the optimized method of wide molecule proportioning and evaluated is the flushing efficiency.Through tracing and adjusting the optimization and proportioning the wide molecule, the water cut is descended sharply and the oil production is arisen at the block.The recovery ratio in equal polymer amount,recovery degree and oil increase per ton of polymer are all high.