Furrow and ridge rainwater harvesting farming technology can improve the utilization efficiency of natural precipitation, regulate soil water and heat conditions, promote crop growth and development, increase yield and improve farmland micro-ecology. In China’s arid and semi-arid regions, it has gradually grown and become the primary water-saving irrigation method. The paper briefly introduced the development process,principle, and application effects of rain-harvesting technology. Based on the previous research progress, the technical problems and further in-deep research contents in the application of furrow and ridge harvesting tillage technology in flue-cured tobacco production were put forward. It provides the basis and technical reference for the popularization and application of rain-harvesting technology in Shandong tobacco-growing area.

为了明确适于培育"中棵烟"适龄壮苗的育苗密度,以烤烟品种云烟87为试验材料,研究了不同孔径(25、30、35、40 mm)的漂浮育苗盘对烟苗成苗素质及大田关键生育期农艺性状、相关生理指标和烤后烟产量与质量的影响.结果表明,40 mm孔径漂浮育苗盘成苗素质最好,25 mm孔径漂浮育苗盘还苗情况最好,各处理从团棵期起大田长势差异不显著,30 mm孔径漂浮育苗盘产量、产值、上等烟比例最高.适当降低育苗密度既有利于提高育苗品质,又有利于烟株在大田长势和品质的形成,临朐丘陵地区漂浮育苗方式下生产"中棵烟"所需最佳育苗密度(苗间距)为25～30 mm.

为明确山东中部烟区烤烟适宜移栽时间与移栽方式,采用田间对比试验,研究3个不同移栽时间(4月30日、5月10日和5月20日)及3种不同移栽方式(常规覆膜移栽、小苗膜下移栽和井窖式移栽)对烟株生长发育及烟叶产量和品质的影响.结果表明,随移栽期推迟,烤烟生育前期时间缩短,生育进程加快,烟株和叶片变大,烤后烟叶等级结构提升,化学协调性提高,经济产量和感官评吸质量先增加后微降;不同移栽方式在不同移栽期下对烤烟影响不同,早栽时,小苗膜下移栽和井窖式移栽可改善根系土壤温湿度环境,促进烟苗早生快发,提高烟叶评吸质量,但晚栽时,小苗膜下移栽由于地温过高对烟苗生长产生负面影响,进而影响烟叶产量和品质.移栽期主要通过生育期内温度条件的变化对烟株产生影响,为主要影响因素;移栽方式通过改变生长前期微环境对烟株生长起到微调作用.以5月10日的井窖式移栽处理综合表现最好,可作为鲁中烟区适宜的移栽时间和方式进行示范应用.

为验证激健农药减量助剂的功效,开展了激健农药减量助剂防治烟草烟青虫效果研究试验.结果 表明,激健助剂农药减施技术防治烟草烟青虫效果较好.供试药剂在试验剂量范围内对作物安全,且激健助剂可减少农药对烟草的伤害,提高烟草免疫力,促进烟草生长,降低烟草农药残留,提高烟草品质和产量.