In cigar tobacco, light and temperature are fundamental regulators of leaf development and carbon allocation, yet their combined effects on secondary vein lignification and vascular architecture remain poorly understood. This study investigated how contrasting light and temperature regimes regulate secondary vein development and lignification by integrating anatomical, metabolomic, and transcriptomic analyses. Plants were grown under four regimes combining high or low light (HL/LL) with high or low temperature (HT/LT): HLHT (600 μmol m⁻² s⁻¹, 30°C), LLHT (300 μmol m⁻² s⁻¹, 30°C), HLLT (600 μmol m⁻² s⁻¹, 20°C), and LLLT (300 μmol m⁻² s⁻¹, 20°C). Among these treatments, LLHT most strongly suppressed vascular development, reducing secondary vein diameter by 3–12% and lignin content by 22–26% relative to the other treatments. This response was accompanied by reduced accumulation of monolignol precursors and declines in phytohormones associated with growth and lignification (cytokinin, jasmonate, and salicylic acid), alongside elevated ethylene precursor (ACC). Dissociation between L-phenylalanine availability and monolignol production under LLHT indicated that phenylpropanoid flux suppression occurs at post-entry enzymatic steps rather than through substrate limitation. Time-resolved transcriptomic analysis revealed progressive repression of phenylpropanoid and lignin biosynthetic genes under LLHT, whereas low temperature (LT) partially alleviated the inhibitory effects of low light (LL). WGCNA identified contrasting lignification-associated modules, including a positively correlated module containing COMT, SUS, ARR-A, and IAGLU genes, linked to carbon allocation and hormone-associated secondary wall reinforcement; and a negatively correlated module containing TMK, PYL, grxC, and EREBP genes, associated with signaling and stress-related processes, and activated under LLHT. Collectively, these findings show that combined light and temperature regimes drive coordinated metabolic and transcriptional reprogramming underlying vascular lignification and secondary vein plasticity in cigar tobacco.

Shading is a common agronomic practice in cigar tobacco cultivation to improve wrapper leaf quality, yet its morphological and molecular effects across different cultivars remain underexplored. This study investigated morphological traits, sugar metabolism, and transcriptomic responses in three cigar tobacco cultivars (HN2, HY101, and HY103) under two treatments: no shading (NST) and shading (ST, 50–60% transparency). Morphological analysis revealed that shading reduced leaf thickness in HY103 without compromising chlorophyll content or structural integrity, traits desirable for wrapper leaf quality. Biochemical assays showed increased sucrose and total soluble sugars, particularly in HY103, along with elevated activities of sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS) and soluble starch synthase (SSS) enzymes. Transcriptome profiling and Weighted Gene Co-Expression Network Analysis (WGCNA) identified three key gene modules responsive to shading. The lightgreen module, enriched in nitrogen metabolism and signal transduction genes, displayed genotype-specific expression patterns. The midnightblue module, containing photosynthesis and reactive oxygen species (ROS) related genes, was highly expressed in HY103 under shading, indicating enhanced oxidative stress resilience and photosynthetic flexibility. The brown module was enriched in transcriptional regulators, potentially modulating leaf morphology. Together, these results demonstrate that HY103 employs a coordinated structural and molecular strategy to adapt to shaded environments, providing a basis for optimizing shade cultivation and breeding shade-tolerant cigar tobacco.

Integrated fertilization combining conventional chemicals with organic amendments and microbial inoculants offers a promising strategy to improve soil health, plant morphology, and leaf quality in intensive tobacco cultivation. A field experiment was conducted in Ruili, Yunnan, China, comparing six integrated treatments (M1–M6), each combining conventional fertilizer with an organic amendment (rapeseed cake, biochar, or amino acid fertilizer) and a microbial inoculant (Pseudomonas fluorescens or Purpureocillium lilacinum), against a conventional control (CK). Integrated treatments significantly altered soil physicochemical properties, with available phosphorus peaking in M4 (173mg/kg) and available potassium reaching twofold above CK in M2 (551mg/kg). Leaf morphology and macronutrient status responded accordingly: M2 and M3 had higher leaf length, width, and dry weight, while M4 elevated leaf potassium content. M3 showed the highest chemical composition and visual appearance quality scores. Integrated treatments significantly restructured rhizosphere bacterial and fungal communities (R² = 0.43 and 0.54, respectively). Redundancy analysis identified soil organic matter and available potassium as principal drivers of bacterial community variation, whereas available phosphorus and hydrolyzable nitrogen were the principal drivers of fungal community variation. Co-occurrence network analysis identified four functional microbial modules; Module 4, enriched in Talaromyces, Clostridium, and Candidatus_Solibacter, was the strongest predictor of chemical composition (random forest R² = 0.224) and visual appearance quality (R² = 0.11). Soil organic matter was in turn the strongest predictor of Module 4 abundance itself (R2 = 0.339). Partial least squares path modeling revealed a five-step causal cascade; fertilization → soil properties → microbial community → leaf morphology and nutrients → leaf quality, suggesting that integrated fertilization improves tobacco quality through a soil-microbiome-plant-mediated pathway. These findings provide a microbiome-informed framework centered on the mixed organic fertilizer + Pseudomonas fluorescens combination (M3), the best-performing treatment for sustainable, quality-focused cigar tobacco production in Yunnan Province.

Flue-cured tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.), a key economic crop in China, is highly dependent on nitrogen (N) management. This study evaluated the effects of multi-split N application via drip irrigation on tobacco growth, N accumulation, and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE). A randomized experiment was conducted with 10 treatments (T0-T9) in K326 tobacco grown in nutrient-rich brown soil. The treatments differed in terms of N application timing and proportions. T2 and T3, which applied N twice post-transplant, led to the highest dry weight accumulation in roots, stems, and leaves, with T3 resulting in a 65.8

The intensity of light alters leaf morphology and structure by regulating cell proliferation and expansion. However, the mechanisms through which changes in light intensity affect the critical developmental stages of cigar tobacco leaf tissue remain unclear. This study investigates the impact of light intensity variation on leaf tissue structure, hormone levels, photosynthetic capacity, differential metabolic processes, and hormone signaling pathways. The transition to strong light promotes the accumulation of auxin, gibberellin, and cytokinin, accelerating the thickening process of leaf tissues and increasing the thickness of the upper epidermis, palisade tissue, and spongy tissue. Furthermore, intensified light significantly enhances stomatal conductance, intracellular CO2 concentration, and transpiration rate, consequently boosting net photosynthetic rate, and altering the photosynthesis-light response curve by lowering the light compensation point and increasing the light saturation point. Comparative transcriptomic profiling revealed that differentially expressed genes orchestrate light-responsive leaf development through hierarchical regulation of phytohormone signaling pathways and photosynthetic efficiency. Key hormone-related pathways were identified, alongside upregulation of photosynthesis-associated LHCA4, LUCB3, and LHCB6. This study provides novel insights into the physiological, anatomical, and molecular responses of cigar tobacco leaves to variations in light intensity, contributes to a deeper understanding of light-regulated leaf development and offers a foundation for optimizing cultivation practices to increase cigar wrapper quality.

Shading or low light is a key agronomic practice affecting the growth, physiology, and quality of cigar tobacco wrapper leaves, yet the physiological and molecular mechanisms underlying shading responses remain poorly characterized. This study investigated the physiological, transcriptomic, and agronomic responses of the cultivar QX103 under three light regimes: full light (CT), moderate shading (MT, 70–80 % transmittance), and heavy shading (LT, 50–60 % transmittance). Shading significantly enhanced wrapper yield (LT>MT>CT), with moderate shading promoting optimal plant height, leaf expansion, SPAD values, and photosynthetic efficiency. Transcriptome analysis revealed distinct gene expression changes, with MT upregulating AMY, UGP2, TREH, WAXY, and SPS genes to enhance starch degradation and sucrose synthesis, whereas LT upregulated TPS, GN1_2_3, and ISA, indicating starch catabolism under low light. Circadian genes (PRR5, CO, CDF1) were activated under MT, while LT disrupted clock entrainment (TOC1, LHY, CRY1/2, COP1). Hormone profiling validated that MT enhanced ICAId and TZR, supporting growth, whereas, LT increased IAA, GA1, GA7, and IPA while reducing SAG, DHJA, and SA, indicating stress. qRT-PCR confirmed that MT promoted primary metabolism, while LT altered hormonal profiles driving a shade-avoidance-like response mediated by altered IAA/GA and JA/SA dynamics. Collectively, these results demonstrate that moderate shading balances growth, metabolism, and stress responses, improving wrapper leaf quality and yield, providing a mechanistic basis for precision shading in cigar tobacco cultivation.

Cigar tobacco stands as a pivotal economic crop, with its leaf growth and development profoundly influenced by light intensity. Present study specifically aimed to investigate how leaf morphology and anticlinal growth responds to varying light intensities, including normal light intensity (NL–300 µmol m− 2 s− 1) and lower light intensity (LL–100 µmol m− 2 s− 1). The research elucidates significant morphological shifts in cigar tobacco leaves under LL, revealing significant alterations in leaf area, leaf length, and leaf width. Early reductions in leaf dimensions, ranging from 30 to 48

Furrow and ridge rainwater harvesting farming technology can improve the utilization efficiency of natural precipitation, regulate soil water and heat conditions, promote crop growth and development, increase yield and improve farmland micro-ecology. In China’s arid and semi-arid regions, it has gradually grown and become the primary water-saving irrigation method. The paper briefly introduced the development process,principle, and application effects of rain-harvesting technology. Based on the previous research progress, the technical problems and further in-deep research contents in the application of furrow and ridge harvesting tillage technology in flue-cured tobacco production were put forward. It provides the basis and technical reference for the popularization and application of rain-harvesting technology in Shandong tobacco-growing area.

Low light (LL) resulting in shading are among the detrimental abiotic stresses limiting plant growth and suppressing crop productivity. Shading is a key cultivation technique in cigar wrapper tobacco production but little is known about its impact on transcriptional and translational regulatory networks. Here, we integrate transcriptomic and proteomic profiling with physio-biochemical and anatomical analyses under different light intensities [T200 (200 μmol m−2 s−1), T100 (100 μmol m−2 s−1), and T50 (50 μmol m−2 s−1)] to uncover the underlying molecular response mechanisms of tobacco plants. We found that the leaf anatomical structure impacts photosynthetic capacity and that LL intensities (particularly T50) decrease leaf and palisade thickness (42%) and spongy tissues (16%), which leads to a lower photosynthetic rate (84%) compared with T200. Furthermore, we identified 3045 and 590 significantly differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) in the transcriptome and proteome of cigar tobacco, respectively. A total of 110 pairs were correlated which were upregulated in photosynthesis-antenna proteins, photosynthesis, and defense/detoxification-related pathways, according to integrated omics analyses, and downregulated in tyrosine metabolism, starch and sucrose metabolism, mitochondrial electron transport chain, and glycolysis pathways; and associated with decreased activities of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (31%), starch phosphorylase (25%), and pyruvate kinase (24%) enzymes related to glycolysis. Our results show that cigar tobacco efficiently utilizes low light to reconfigure its energy metabolism, and offer profound insights into the response mechanisms at the physio-biochemical, anatomical, and molecular levels. This study thus represents a valuable resource of genes and proteins for future functional studies underlying LL response.

Drought is one of the foremost environmental factors that limit the growth of plants. Leaf thickness (LT) is an important quantitative trait in plant physiology. The experiment was carried out in a growth room and the plants were divided into two groups such as well-watered and drought-stressed. This work investigated leaf growth in terms of leaf surface growth and expansion rate, leaf stomata traits, LT, anticlinal growth, and leaf cell layers. The results showed that the leaf area and leaf surface expansion rate were decreased by drought stress (DS). Similarly, LT, anticlinal expansion rate, palisade and spongy tissue thickness, and their related expansion rates were also decreased at different days’ time points (DTP) of DS. However, a steady increase was observed in the aforementioned parameters after 12 DTP of DS. The stomatal density increased while stomata size decreased at 3 DTP and 12 DTP (low leaf water potential and relative leaf water content at these time points) and vice versa at 24 DTP compared with the well-watered plants indicating adaptations in these traits in response to DS, and thus the leaf water status played a role in the regulation of leaf stomata traits. The cell length decreased in the upper epidermis, palisade and spongy tissues by DS up to 12 DTP led to lower LT while an increase was observed after 12 DTP that resulted in higher LT. The increase in the LT was supported by the upregulation of starch and sucrose metabolism, glycerolipid metabolism, protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum pathways at 18 DTP along with the differentially expressed genes induced that were related to cell wall remodeling (cellulose, expansin, xyloglucans) and cell expansion (auxin response factors and aquaporin). The results explain the response of leaf thickness to drought stress and show alterations in LT and leaf stomatal traits. This study might serve as a valuable source of gene information for functional studies and provide a theoretical basis to understand leaf growth in terms of leaf anatomy and leaf stomatal traits under drought stress.

Drought stress is a major abiotic stress that hinders plant growth and development. Brassinosteroids (BR), including 2,4-epibrassinolide (EBR), play important roles in plant growth, development, and responses to abiotic stresses, including drought stress. This work investigates exogenous EBR application roles in improving drought tolerance in tobacco. Tobacco plants were divided into three groups: WW (well-watered), DS (drought stress), and DSB (drought stress + 0.05 mM EBR). The results revealed that DS decreased the leaf thickness (LT), whereas EBR application upregulated genes related to cell expansion, which were induced by the BR (DWF4, HERK2, and BZR1) and IAA (ARF9, ARF6, PIN1, SAUR19, and ABP1) signaling pathway. This promoted LT by 28%, increasing plant adaptation. Furthermore, EBR application improved SOD (22%), POD (11%), and CAT (5%) enzyme activities and their related genes expression (FeSOD, POD, and CAT) along with a higher accumulation of osmoregulatory substances such as proline (29%) and soluble sugars (14%) under DS and conferred drought tolerance. Finally, EBR application augmented the auxin (IAA) (21%) and brassinolide (131%) contents and upregulated genes related to drought tolerance induced by the BR (BRL3 and BZR2) and IAA (YUCCA6, SAUR32, and IAA26) signaling pathways. These results suggest that it could play an important role in improving mechanisms of drought tolerance in tobacco.

试验以烤烟云烟87和中川208为材料,研究在相同行距下,不同株距[60 cm(D1)、50 cm(D2)、40 cm(D3)]处理对不同品种平顶期烟株叶长、叶宽、干物质积累、氮和钾养分含量及积累量的影响.结果表明,随株距减小,云烟87叶长、叶宽减小,以D3处理降低较为明显,干物质积累量仅D3处理降低;根系氮素含量和积累量随株距减小而降低,D3较D1处理显著降低30.7％和43.6％,D2与D1无显著差异.叶片氮素含量和积累量随株距减小而增加,且D3显著高于D1处理;叶片钾素含量和累积量呈先降低后升高的变化趋势,但无显著差异;根系和茎秆钾素含量及积累量表现为D3处理显著低于其他处理.中川208叶长、叶宽随株距减小而略有减小,干物质积累量则先升高后降低,叶片、根系氮素积累量随株距减小而降低,D3较D1、D2处理分别降低19.4％(P<0.05)和5.7％;茎秆钾素含量及累积量均随株距减小而增加.综合分析认为,株距对云烟87品种的影响大于中川208,云烟87以株距60 cm、中川208以株距50 cm较为适合烤烟生长和养分吸收利用.

为明确不同雪茄品种生长发育对光强的响应差异,在室内模拟条件下,以雪茄品种BES NO H382(简称H382)和古引4号为材料,设置高光强[T200,光照强度为200±12μmol/(m2·s)]和低光强[T100,光照强度为100±12μmol/(m2·s)]两个光强处理,分析了H382和古引4号在叶片形态、生物量、光合特性等方面对光强的响应差异.结果表明,与高光强处理相比,低光强处理下,H382和古引4号叶长分别增加19.8％、8.6％,叶宽分别增加18.1％、9.3％,叶面积分别增加42.1％、15.6％,H382叶片大小对光强变化的响应更敏感.同时,低光强处理下,H382和古引4号的生物量分别降低20.8％、41.8％,叶脉密度分别降低12.4％、9.4％,叶片厚度分别降低15.7％、19.7％,古引4号的生物量和叶片厚度对光强变化的响应更敏感.低光强处理下H382的表观量子效率升高34.4％,最大净光合速率和光补偿点分别降低21.9％、38.0％,而古引4号无显著变化.综上,H382和古引4号均对光强变化有一定的响应,可望通过遮荫等栽培措施调控烟叶生长.

为探究温度影响烟草叶片细胞壁建成的机理和烟叶品质的机制,连续2年设置不同温度(15℃、20℃、25℃、30℃)处理的盆栽试验,研究不同温度对烟草叶片细胞壁物质含量和组成及合成酶基因表达量的影响.结果表明,含碳化合物在烟草叶片生长过程中及温度处理过程中发生了重新分配,随着烟草生长时间的延长,叶片中结构性碳水化合物(纤维素、半纤维素、木质素、果胶)含量整体表现为下降趋势,而非结构性碳水化合物(总糖、淀粉)含量大致表现为上升趋势;随温度升高,烟草叶片60 d时纤维素含量明显升高,而木质素含量及其占细胞壁总物质含量的比例明显降低;温度对半纤维素含量、果胶含量影响不显著.温度对纤维素含量、木质素含量的影响与其合成酶基因表达量的变化有关,温度升高有利于纤维素合成酶基因CESA1的上调表达,温度降低有利于木质素合成酶基因PAL1、4CL2的上调表达;温度变化对半纤维素合成酶、果胶合成酶基因表达的影响较小.

为了筛选能培育适合膜上移栽方式的高素质雪茄烟苗的湿润育苗盘,试验研究了50孔、54孔、70孔、72孔和100孔5个规格育苗盘对烟苗生长和膜上移栽烟株大田生长及烟叶产量、经济效益的影响.结果表明,50孔和54孔育苗盘所育烟苗农艺性状、根系形态指标、鲜干质量、壮苗指数较高,大田烟叶生长较快,但烟叶产量、茄衣烟叶产量较低,育苗投入成本明显增加,烟叶经济效益降低.72孔育苗盘所育烟苗素质整体较高,烟株大田长势好,烟叶产量、茄衣产量、茄衣产出率均较高,其中茄衣产出率较烟苗素质高的50孔处理提高9.92％,烟叶经济效益较育苗投入最高的50孔处理提高8.28％.70孔育苗盘所育烟苗的根冠比、壮苗指数与72孔处理差异不显著,但其大田烟叶产量、茄衣烟叶产量却显著低于72孔处理.而100孔育苗盘所育烟苗素质尽管低于其他处理,但其大田烟叶产量、茄衣产量最高,分别较最低的54孔处理提高15.42％、28.43％,育苗投入成本最低,烟叶经济效益较50孔处理提高12.06％.因此,72孔和100孔苗盘可用于海南雪茄烟叶秋季湿润育苗,其所育烟苗适合雪茄烟叶膜上移栽使用.

通过研究沟垄集雨栽培技术对烤烟生长发育及品质的影响,提出适合山东烟区蓄水保墒的栽培模式.选用当地主栽烤烟品种云烟87和中烟100,通过一年两点大田试验,研究了沟垄集雨栽培对烟田土壤水分含量、烟株农艺性状、叶片光合速率、干物质积累、氮素含量、氮素积累量及烟叶化学成分和感官质量的影响.结果表明,与常规栽培模式相比,沟垄集雨栽培提高了烟田20～60 cm土层的土壤含水量,显著提高了云烟87现蕾期的叶长、叶宽及现蕾和平顶期的单叶面积,使平顶期的光合速率增加了28.5％,显著提高了干物质积累量和叶片中的氮素含量以及氮素积累量,降低了总糖、还原糖含量,提高了总氮和钾含量.沟垄集雨栽培显著提高了中烟100现蕾期的叶长和叶面积,并使平顶期的光合速率增加了14.8％,显著提高了双龙村旺长期的干物质积累量和成熟期的氮素积累量,总植物碱含量较常规栽培降低了12.7％,其他化学成分变化较小.沟垄集雨栽培技术通过对雨水的利用,调节了土壤的水分状况,促进了烤烟的生长发育,改善了两个品种的香气量、余味和杂气,最终提高了烟叶的感官评价质量.沟垄集雨种植是适宜山东丘陵山地烟区的优质高效栽培模式.

为明确山东中部烟区烤烟适宜移栽时间与移栽方式,采用田间对比试验,研究3个不同移栽时间(4月30日、5月10日和5月20日)及3种不同移栽方式(常规覆膜移栽、小苗膜下移栽和井窖式移栽)对烟株生长发育及烟叶产量和品质的影响.结果表明,随移栽期推迟,烤烟生育前期时间缩短,生育进程加快,烟株和叶片变大,烤后烟叶等级结构提升,化学协调性提高,经济产量和感官评吸质量先增加后微降;不同移栽方式在不同移栽期下对烤烟影响不同,早栽时,小苗膜下移栽和井窖式移栽可改善根系土壤温湿度环境,促进烟苗早生快发,提高烟叶评吸质量,但晚栽时,小苗膜下移栽由于地温过高对烟苗生长产生负面影响,进而影响烟叶产量和品质.移栽期主要通过生育期内温度条件的变化对烟株产生影响,为主要影响因素;移栽方式通过改变生长前期微环境对烟株生长起到微调作用.以5月10日的井窖式移栽处理综合表现最好,可作为鲁中烟区适宜的移栽时间和方式进行示范应用.

Drought stress hinders the growth and development of crop plants and ultimately its productivity. It is expected that drought stress will be frequent and intense in the future due to drastic changes in the global climate. It is necessary to make crop plants more resilient to drought stress through various techniques; drought-hardening is one of them. Defining various metabolic strategies used by tobacco plants to confer drought tolerance will be important for maintaining plant physiological functions, but studies addressing this topic are limited. This study was designed to elucidate the drought tolerance and adaptation strategies used by tobacco plants via the application of different circular drought-hardening cycles (control: no drought-hardening, T1: one cycle of drought hardening, T2: two cycles of drought-hardening, and T3: three cycles of drought-hardening) to two tobacco varieties namely Honghuadajinyuan (H) and Yun Yan-100 (Y). The results revealed that drought-hardening decreased the fresh and dry biomass of the tobacco plants. The decrease was more pronounced in the T3 treatment for both H (23 and 29%, respectively) and Y (26 and 31%, respectively) under drought stress. The MDA contents, especially in T1 and T2 in both varieties, were statistically similar compared with control under drought stress. Similarly, higher POD, APX, and GR activities were observed, especially in T3, and elevated amounts of AsA and GSH were also observed among the different circular drought-hardening treatments under drought stress. Thus circular drought-hardening mitigated the oxidative damage by increasing the antioxidant enzyme activities and elevated the content of antioxidant substances, a key metabolic strategy under drought stress. Similarly, another important plant metabolic strategy is the osmotic adjustment. Different circular drought-hardening treatments improved the accumulation of proline and soluble sugars contents which contributed to osmoregulation. Finally, at the molecular level, circular drought-hardening improved the transcript levels of antioxidant enzyme-related genes (CAT, APX1, and GR2), proline and polyamines biosynthesis-related genes (P5CS1 and ADC2), and ABA signaling (SnRK2), and transcription factors (AREB1 and WRKY6) in response to drought stress. As a result, circular drought-hardening (T2 and T3 treatments) promoted tolerance to water stress via affecting the anti-oxidative capacity, osmotic adjustment, and regulation of gene expression in tobacco.

为提高上部叶的工业可用性,以NC102品种3个不同采收成熟度(BM1、BM2、BM3)的烤后上部烟叶为材料,分析了叶尖、叶中、叶基3个分切区段的外观质量、物理性状、化学成分及其可用性指数(CCUI)和感官质量的差异.结果表明,同一成熟度下,烟叶外观质量总分表现为叶中＞叶基＞叶尖;填充值在低、中成熟度时表现为叶尖高于叶中和叶基,其他物理指标差异不显著;还原糖含量和糖碱比在低、中成熟度下表现为叶尖＜叶中＜叶基,在高成熟度下差异不显著,淀粉含量在各成熟度下均表现为叶尖＜叶中＜叶基,钾含量和钾氯比在各成熟度下均表现为叶尖＞叶中＞叶基,总氮含量、烟碱含量及氮碱比在不同区段及不同成熟度间差异不显著;低、中成熟度下烟叶CCUI为叶尖＜叶中＜叶基,且低成熟度处理中叶基段与叶尖和叶中段差异达到显著水平,高成熟度下则无显著差异.随成熟度提高,不同区段烟叶外观质量、物理性状、化学成分及CCUI间的差异总体呈逐渐缩小的趋势.烟叶感官质量得分表现为:低、中成熟度下叶尖＜叶基＜叶中,高成熟度下叶尖＞叶中＞叶基.综上,采收成熟度影响叶片不同区段的质量,低、中成熟度烟叶的叶中和叶基段综合质量优于叶尖段,而高成熟度下叶尖段化学成分整体协调性和感官质量优于叶中和叶基段.